Interim Results
ABERFORTH GEARED CAPITAL & INCOME TRUST plc
INTERIM RESULTS
For the six months to 30 June 2005
FEATURES
Total Assets Total Return +11.8%
Net Asset Value of Notional Unit Total Return +16.5%
Net Asset Value of Capital Shares +25.3%
First Interim Dividend 3.23p [+2.5%]
1. Notional Unit is made up of 70% Income Shares and
30% Capital Shares.
2. Capital shares performance assumes Income Shares have a capital
entitlement of 100p each.
3. For comparative purposes all of the above returns
were calculated using middle market prices and exclude
the fair value loss on the interest rate swap. (see notes
to the financial statements).
Aberforth Geared Capital & Income Trust plc (AGCiT) invests
only in small UK quoted companies and does not invest in any
unquoted securities, AIM listed securities or securities
issued by investment trusts or investment companies.
CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT TO SHAREHOLDERS
RESULTS REVIEW
I am pleased to be able to report a period of positive returns for the
assets of Aberforth Geared Capital & Income Trust plc. The total
return on total assets for the period of 11.8% was achieved against a
positive background for the UK equity market. The FTSE All-Share
Index showed a total return of 8.2%, while the Hoare Govett Smaller
Companies Index (Excluding Investment Companies) (HGSC (XIC)),
representative of AGCiT's opportunity base, has generated a similar
gain of 8.4%.
Given this level of absolute return on total assets, the gearing
employed by AGCiT worked beneficially to generate a 16.5% return on
Shareholders' funds. After allowance has been made for the 100p
capital entitlement of the Income Shares, the net asset value of a
Capital Share rose by 25.3% from 314.6p on 31 December 2004 to 394.2p.
A first interim dividend for 2005 of 3.23p per Income Share has been
declared. This represents an increase of 2.5% over the 3.15p paid in
respect of the comparative period in 2004. The dividend will be paid
on 25 August 2005 to Income Shareholders on the register on 29 July
2005.
ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
There are several changes to accounting practices that have to be
incorporated into these accounts. Unfortunately the immediate impact
of the changes is to complicate reporting, but as we move into 2006
the reporting will simplify as comparables will be on a consistent
basis.
AGCiT continues to prepare its financial statements under UK Generally
Accepted Accounting Practice (GAAP) and the AITC's Statement of
Recommended Practice. It has been resolved not to adopt International
Accounting Standards at this time.
In the meantime the financial statements incorporate, for the first
time, Financial Reporting Standard (FRS) 25 and 26. Adoption of these
standards has required a change in the treatment and presentation of
the interim dividend, the interest rate swap and the basis of valuing
investments in the portfolio. Further information regarding these
changes has been provided in the notes to these financial statements.
These changes make comparison with the previous periods less
straightforward. In accordance with the AITC's recommended practice
the total return figures and net asset values reported above have been
prepared using the accounting policies used for the year to 31
December 2004 and do not include the adjustments required by FRS 25
and 26 as described above.
Alastair C Dempster
Chairman
13 July 2005
MANAGERS' REPORT
INVESTMENT BACKGROUND
In constant currency terms, the returns from UK equities in the first
half were broadly consistent with those of other major stockmarkets
around the world. Other asset classes however, proved rather more
exciting. Commodities performed well with the oil price climbing
towards $60. Meanwhile, leveraged players in the corporate debt market
had their nerve tested by an increase in yields following downgrades
of Ford and GM debt by the rating agencies. Furthermore, the
resurgence of the US dollar, given extra impetus by the "no" votes for
the European constitution, caught many by surprise. Taking a step
back, however, the problem of the gaping US current account deficit
remains unresolved and the dollar's 11% rise against the euro has
merely taken it back to levels that prevailed twelve months ago.
However, the most intriguing and perhaps most significant development
has been the continued decline in government bond yields to unusually
low levels in a post war context, a phenomenon described by Alan
Greenspan as a "conundrum". With the Fed having raised interest rates
four times in 2005, this has resulted in a convergence between short
and long term yields in the US. Conventionally, such a flattening
yield curve is interpreted as an indication of slowing economic
activity.
Recent economic data in the US are, though, far from conclusive.
While, a decline in the rate of growth later in the year would hardly
be surprising given the strength of the upswing over the last two
years, the housing market remains buoyant, perhaps too buoyant, and
should be able to bolster consumer spending for some time. In
contrast, the UK, where monetary conditions have been tighter for
longer, has experienced a pronounced moderation in house price
inflation. The consequent slowdown in the consumer sector, evident in
weak retail sales and consumer borrowing data, is now becoming evident
in slowing GDP growth.
INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE
Against this background, the HGSC (XIC), with its bias to domestically
oriented sectors such as retailing and building, might be considered
to have performed resiliently, having exceeded the return from the
more internationally diversified larger companies.
As was the case in 2004, the small company universe appears to be
benefiting from corporate activity and, more generally, a trend to
replace equity with debt financing. This is most obvious in the still
high level of takeovers, though also encompasses rising dividend
payments and returns of equity through share repurchases. In the
first half, 30 of the 662 companies that comprised the HGSC (XIC) at
the start of the year were acquired, with several others subject to
takeover speculation. AGCiT again benefited disproportionately,
having seen bids or approaches for seven of its 86 stock portfolio.
The buyers have tended to be other corporates, though private equity
houses remain able to compete by virtue of the present cheapness of
debt finance. Meanwhile, twelve portfolio companies have returned, or
are in the process of returning, capital to shareholders, most often
in the form of share repurchases.
Turning to the supply of new equity, the first half saw ten new issues
eligible for inclusion in the HGSC (XIC). In contrast, there were 31
new issues in the first half of 1996, a period when smaller company
valuations, both absolute and relative to large, were very close to
those currently prevailing. Moreover, company boards now appear
reluctant to use equity to fund acquisitions. Ten portfolio companies
made acquisitions in the first half, all of which were substantially
debt funded. The supply of new equity to the small company universe
has therefore not compensated for reductions through takeover and
share buy-backs. This remains the case even taking into account the
frenzied activity on AIM, which admitted 219 companies to its ranks in
the first half alone. AGCiT does not invest in AIM listed companies
and they are not part of its investment universe.
AGCiT's out-performance in the first half was helped by, but was not
reliant upon, corporate activity. The portfolio added value against
the HGSC (XIC) in 20 out of 31 sectors. As has been the case for some
time, stock selection, which accounted for over 80% of the out-
performance, was more significant than sector selection. Indeed, the
present importance of company specific fundamentals is perhaps evident
in the fact that eight sectors were represented in the list of ten
stocks that made the largest positive contributions to the portfolio's
return. This top ten contained just two companies that were subject
to takeover and two others that bought back shares. The two companies
that were acquired, though affording an immediate boost to
performance, have been holdings since the portfolio was first fully
invested.
It is worth noting that by the end of the period, AGCiT had a
considerably lower exposure than the small company universe to the
Financials sector. Even here company specifics have played the more
important role for your Managers in arriving at sector weights, but
two general comments might be made. First, an environment of higher
interest rates and more recently a cautious consumer have clouded the
trading outlook for many of the sector's constituents. Secondly, the
tremendous performance of property companies in recent years has seen
their valuations rise to levels that, in the absence of appreciable
rental growth, are considerably less appealing than previously.
INVESTMENT OUTLOOK
Asset prices offer the equity investor conflicting signals about the
outlook for economic growth and corporate profits. The buoyancy of
the corporate bond, commodity and property markets would appear to
indicate good growth with some inflationary risk. On the other hand,
the strength of government bonds, whose "risk free" yields are often
the starting point in determining the value of other asset classes,
points to a weaker and potentially deflationary outcome.
In searching for a unifying theory to explain this apparent
inconsistency, it is tempting to alight upon the low interest rates
that have endured in the US and elsewhere for some time. While
undoubtedly sustaining economic growth, these have also facilitated
leveraged investment across the range of asset classes, including
government bonds, the demand for which has been boosted by East Asia's
central banks.
For valuations across financial markets to be reliant on the
perpetuation of cheap debt is troublesome. In the UK, where interest
rates have been on an upward path, the potential ramifications are
becoming obvious in the housing market and by extension in the
consumer sector. This inevitably clouds the profit outlook for the
small company universe's many consumer facing businesses, but the
large company universe, with its sizeable exposure to banks, might
also be affected. As ever, though, the stockmarket is performing its
discounting function: many constituents of those sectors considered at
risk are already trading on low valuations.
30 June 2005 30 June 2004
Characteristics AGCiT HGSC (XIC) AGCiT HGSC (XIC)
Number of Companies 86 627 95 707
Weighted Average Market £343m £409m £331m £414m
Capitalisation
Price Earnings Ratio 14.0x 16.4x 13.1x 16.0x
(Historic)
Net Dividend Yield 3.1% 2.3% 3.7% 2.6%
(Historic)
Dividend Cover (Historic) 2.3x 2.6x 2.0x 2.4x
Buoyed by takeover activity, the overall valuation of small companies
remains broadly in line with that of the FTSE All-Share Index, whose
PE and yield are 16.0x and 3.1% respectively. It is worth noting,
though, that the HGSC (XIC) comprises a heterogeneous collection of
businesses with a wide range of valuations. As the table above
demonstrates, it therefore remains possible to construct a well
diversified portfolio, whose average valuation would appear consistent
with your Managers' value investment principles.
Aberforth Partners
Managers
13 July 2005
The Statement of Total Return, summary Balance Sheet and
summary Cash Flow Statement are set out below: -
STATEMENT OF TOTAL RETURN
(Incorporating the Revenue Account)
For the six months ended 30 June 2005
(unaudited)
6 months to 6 months to
30 June 2005 30 June 2004
Revenue Capital Total Revenue Capital Total
£'000 £'000 £'000 £'000 £'000 £'000
Realised gains - 5,269 5,269 - 5,745 5,745
/(losses) on sales
Unrealised gains - 2,832 2,832 - 2,432 2,432
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Net Gains on - 8,101 8,101 - 8,177 8,177
investments
Dividend income 1,909 515 2,424 1,862 - 1,862
Interest income 1 - 1 21 - 21
Other income - - - 9 - 9
Investment (122) (285) (407) (104) (242) (346)
management fee
Other expenses (94) - (94) (89) - (89
----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ------
Net return before 1,694 8,331 10,025 1,699 7,935 9,634
finance
costs and
taxation
Interest and (339) (791)(1,130) (311) (726) (1,037)
other finance
costs
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Return 1,355 7,540 8,895 1,388 7,209 8,597
attributable to
Shareholders
Dividends and - (33) (33) (772) (33) (805)
other
appropriations
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
1,355 7,507 8,862 616 7,176 7,792
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Returns per
Share:
Income Share 5.53p - 5.53p 5.67p - 5.67p
Capital Share - 71.81p 71.81p - 68.66p 68.66p
Dividends per - - - 3.150p - 3.150p
Income Share
NOTES
1. The revenue column of this statement is the profit and
loss account of the Company. All revenue and capital items in
the above statement derive from continuing operations. No
operations were acquired or discontinued in the period.
2. The calculations of revenue return per Income Share are
based on net revenue of £1,355,000 (30 June 2004 - £1,388,000)
and on 24.5 million Income Shares. The calculations of
capital return per Capital Share are based on net capital
gains of £7,540,000 (30 June 2004 - £7,209,000) and on 10.5
million Capital Shares.
3. The Board declared, on 13 July 2005, an interim dividend
of 3.23p per Income Share (30 June 2004 - 3.15p) and the total
dividend payable will be £791,000 (30 June 2004 - £772,000).
The Board also declared, on 19 January 2005, a second interim
dividend in respect of the year ended 31 December 2004 of
5.255p per Income Share (30 June 2004 - 5.125p) and the total
dividend paid amounted to £1,287,000 (30 June 2004 -
£1,256,000).
SUMMARY BALANCE SHEET
As at 30 June 2005
(unaudited)
30 31 30
June December June
2005 2004 2004
£'000 £'000 £'000
Securities officially listed on 100,097 95,062 84,996
the London Stock Exchange ------- ------ ------
Debtors 668 258 606
Cash at bank - - -
Overdraft - (1,685) (211)
Other creditors (47) (1,345) (1,235)
------- ------ ------
Net current assets / 621 (2,772) (840)
(liabilities) ------- ------ ------
Total assets less current 100,718 92,290 84,156
liabilities
Creditors (amounts falling due (35,502) (34,235) (34,230)
after more than one year) ------- ------ ------
Total assets less liabilities 65,216 58,055 49,926
------- ------ ------
Capital and reserves:
Called up share capital 350 350 350
Reserves:
Capital redemption reserve 50 50 50
Special reserve 33,929 33,929 33,929
Capital reserve - realised 9,630 4,922 1,040
Capital reserve - unrealised 21,117 18,285 13,594
Interest rate swap reserve (1,734) - -
Revenue reserve 1,874 519 963
------- ------ ------
65,216 58,055 49,926
------- ------ ------
Net Asset Values:
per Income Share 76.68p 68.48p 67.57p
per Capital Share (Note 3) 442.20p 393.13p 317.81p
NOTE
During each period the Company had 24.5 million Income Shares and
10.5 million Capital Shares in issue.
SUMMARY CASH FLOW STATEMENT
For the six months ended 30 June 2005
(unaudited)
6 months to 6 months to
30 June 30 June
2005 2004
£'000 £'000 £'000 £'000
Net cash inflow from 1,514 1,274
operating activities
Returns on investments and
servicing of finance
Interest and other finance (1,137) (1,027)
costs paid
------ ------
Net cash outflow from
returns on investments
and servicing of finance (1,137) (1,027)
Capital expenditure and
financial investment
Payments to acquire (12,527) 23,051)
investments
Receipts from sales of 15,593 20,509
investments ------ ------
Net cash inflow/(outflow)
from capital expenditure and
financial investment 3,066 (2,542)
Equity dividends paid (1,287) (1,256)
------ ------
Net cash inflow/(outflow) 2,156 (3,551)
before financing
Financing
Loans (repaid)/drawn down (471) 3,339
----- ------
Net cash (outflow)/inflow (471) 3,339
from financing ------ ------
Change in cash during the 1,685 (212)
period ------ ------
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with
applicable accounting standards and the AITC's Statement of
Recommended Practice "Financial Statements of Investment Trust
Companies". In preparing the financial statements for the
current period, the same accounting policies used for the year
to 31 December 2004 have been applied except that the Company
has adopted FRS 25 "Financial Instruments: Disclosure and
Presentation" and FRS 26 "Financial Instruments: Measurement".
2. FRS 25 AND 26
The adoption of FRS 25 has resulted in a change in accounting
for the interim dividend and the interest rate swap. Dividends
payable by the Company are now recorded as a liability
following a dividend declaration by the Board and therefore
the interim dividend of 3.23p per share, declared on 13 July
2005, has not been recorded as a liability of the Company as
at 30 June 2005. In previous financial statements, dividends
declared were recognised in respect of the period to which
they related. This change in accounting policy for dividends
has increased Shareholders' funds by £791,350 as at 30 June
2005.
FRS 25 requires derivatives to be measured at fair value and
depending on the nature of the derivative, changes in fair
value must be recognised either in the profit and loss account
or in equity reserves. The company's interest rate swap is an
effective cash flow hedge and therefore changes in its fair
value are recognised in equity reserves. In previous financial
statements the fair value of derivatives were not included on
the Balance Sheet. The change in accounting policy for
derivatives has reduced Shareholders' Funds by £1,734,000
(equivalent to 16.5p per Capital share) as at 30 June 2005.
The adoption of FRS 26 has resulted in a change in the basis
of valuation of investments. Under FRS 26, the Company's
investments have been categorised as "financial assets at fair
value through profit & loss" and therefore quoted investments
are now valued at bid prices. Previously, quoted investments
were valued at middle market prices. The change in accounting
policy for valuations of investments has reduced Shareholders'
funds by £813,000 (equivalent to 7.7p per Capital share) as at
30 June 2005.
As permitted by FRS 25 and 26, comparatives have not been restated.
3. NET ASSET VALUE OF CAPITAL SHARES
Net Asset Value of Capital Shares
Accounting policies Accounting policies
used for the year for used for the year to
the six months to 31 December 2004
30 June 2005
Valuation Basis As at 30 As at 30 As at 31
June 2005 June 2005 Dec 2004
Income Shares
at final
entitlement of
100p 369.9p 394.2p 314.6p
Income Shares
at NAV of
76.68p (30 June
2005) 442.2p 466.5p -
Income Shares
at NAV of
68.48p (31 Dec
2004) - - 393.1p
4. In accordance with FRS 25 the Directors are of the opinion
the Income and Capital Shares are in substance equity
instruments of the Company.
5. The foregoing do not comprise statutory accounts (as
defined in section 240(5) of the Companies Act 1985) of the
Company. The statutory accounts for the period to 31 December
2003, which contained an unqualified Report of the Auditors,
have been lodged with the Registrar of Companies and did not
contain a statement required under section 237(2) or (3) of
the Companies Act 1985.
The Interim Report is expected to be posted to shareholders on
18 July 2005. Members of the public may obtain copies from
Aberforth Partners, 14 Melville Street, Edinburgh EH3 7NS or
from its website at www.aberforth.co.uk.
CONTACT: David Ross Aberforth Partners
0131 220 0733
Aberforth Partners, Secretaries - 13 July 2005
ANNOUNCEMENT ENDS