Glanbia plc Half Year 2020 Results

RNS Number : 8462V

Glanbia PLC

12 August 2020

Glanbia HY 2020 results

Navigating Covid; Strategically focused

12 August 2020 - Glanbia plc ("Glanbia", the "Group", the "Company", the "plc"), the global nutrition group, is publishing its financial results for the six month period ended 4 July 2020 ("financial half year 2020", "half year 2020", "first half of 2020", "HY 2020" or "H1 2020").

Results summary for the financial half year 2020

· Glanbia delivered a resilient operating performance whilst navigating the challenges resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic;

· All Group activities continued throughout HY 2020 due to a tremendous effort from Glanbia employees, suppliers and customer partners;

· Adjusted earnings per share of 31.05 cent, a decline of 17.2% constant currency (down 15.4% reported);

· Group is in a strong financial position, net debt improved by €126.7 million versus prior half year. Net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio 1.95 times;

· Wholly-owned revenues of €1,836.7 million (HY 2019: €1,758.4 million), up 2.3% constant currency on prior half year (up 4.5% reported);

· Wholly-owned EBITA pre-exceptional of €85.0 million (HY 2019: €111.4 million), down 25.4% constant currency on prior half year (down 23.7% reported);

· Glanbia Performance Nutrition EBITA impacted by Covid-19 with conditions improving as the period ended. Transformation project expanded;

· Glanbia Nutritionals delivered EBITA in line with the prior half year as demand in key categories sustained during H1 2020;

· Joint Ventures delivered a robust performance with pre-exceptional share of profit after tax of €31.8 million up €5.0 million on prior half year;

· Exceptional items after tax of €14.6 million; primarily relating to GPN transformation project;

· Basic earnings per share of 18.73 cent (HY 2019: 28.22 cent) a decline of 33.6% reported on prior half year;

· Interim dividend of 10.68 cent per share (HY 2019: 10.68 cent), recommended by the Board, representing a payout ratio of 34.4%; and

· Today, announcing agreement to acquire Foodarom for CAD 60 million, a specialist flavours solutions business based in Canada.

Commenting today Siobhán Talbot, Group Managing Director, said:

"In my entire career at Glanbia, I have never been prouder of my colleagues, whose response to the extraordinary challenges of 2020 have been exemplary. I am hugely appreciative of the agility, dedication and commitment that Glanbia employees and particularly our frontline workers, suppliers, and customer partners showed in quickly adopting new radical ways of working and maintaining operations throughout the pandemic. When the crisis emerged we set three priorities; to protect our people, to continue food supply and to maintain our strong financial position. Since then, our business continuity planning teams have managed health and safety rigorously, we have altered our operational plans where needed and executed those plans very well and our balance sheet strength has improved.

In the first six months of 2020 wholly-owned revenues grew by 2.3%, on a constant currency basis. Glanbia Nutritionals ("GN") delivered a good performance with earnings in line with prior year as key end market demand sustained throughout H1 2020. Joint Ventures delivered a robust performance growing profits in the period. Glanbia Performance Nutrition ("GPN") was impacted by Covid-19, with International market disruption and challenges in the North American specialty and distributor channels. As a result, adjusted earnings per share declined in the period by 17.2% on a constant currency basis. The issues encountered by GPN were most pronounced in Q2 with performance improving as the period ended.

Our compelling belief is that consumers increasing focus on health and wellbeing, as well as greater importance on trust and quality, positions Glanbia well for the future, given our core purpose of the delivery of better nutrition via our brands and ingredient solutions. While navigating Covid-19 we have maintained a strategic focus across the Group; we have broadened the ambition within the transformation project in GPN and we have continued to scale our capabilities in GN as demonstrated by the acquisition of Foodarom. We continue to selectively pursue opportunities which meet our strategic and financial criteria. While the short term outlook remains uncertain, the Board is confident that Glanbia has the portfolio, the consumer insight and the operational expertise to succeed in this new environment."

2020 financial half year results summary

				Constant
€m	HY 2020	HY 2019	Change	Currency Change¹
Wholly-owned business
Revenue	1,836.7	1,758.4	+4.5%	+2.3%
EBITA²	85.0	111.4	-23.7%	-25.4%
EBITA margin	4.6%	6.3%	-170bps	-170bps
Equity accounted investees - Joint Ventures
Share of profit after tax	31.8	26.8	+18.7%	+17.3%
Total Group profit for the period (pre-exceptional)	69.9	86.8	-19.5%
Reported basic earnings per share	18.73c	28.22c	-33.6%

Adjusted earnings per share	31.05c	36.69c	-15.4%	-17.2%

1. To arrive at the constant currency change, the average exchange rate for the current period is applied to the relevant reported result from the same period in the prior year. The average Euro US Dollar exchange rate for the first half of 2020 was €1 = $1.102 (HY 2019: €1 = $1. 130 ).

2. EBITA is defined as earnings before interest, tax and amortisation and is stated before exceptional items.

This release contains certain alternative performance measures. A detailed glossary of the key performance indicators and non-IFRS performance measures can be found on pages 38 to 44.

2020 half year overview

In the first half of 2020 Glanbia wholly-owned revenue was €1,836.7 million, an increase of 2.3% constant currency (up 4.5% reported). This was driven by growth in GN which more than offset declines in GPN. Wholly-owned EBITA pre-exceptional was €85.0 million, down 25.4% constant currency (down 23.7% reported). Wholly-owned EBITA margins from operations were 4.6%, down 170 basis points on a constant currency and reported basis. The decline in wholly-owned EBITA and margin arose from the impact of Covid-19 on the second quarter performance of GPN where lower revenue drove significant negative operating leverage for the period.

Glanbia's pre-exceptional share of equity accounted investees (Joint Ventures) profit after tax increased by €5.0 million to €31.8 million for the first half of 2020 with all Joint Ventures growing profit in the period.

Total Group profit (pre-exceptional items) for the period was €69.9 million, down €16.9 million on prior half year.

Adjusted earnings per share was 31.05 cent. This was a decrease on prior year of 17.2% constant currency (down 15.4% reported).

Capital investment

Glanbia's total investment in capital expenditure (tangible and intangible assets) was €29.2 million in the first half of 2020 of which €20.2 million was strategic investment. While Glanbia's capital investment programme was managed tightly in response to Covid-19, investment continued in key strategic projects including investment in the Body & Fit direct-to-consumer ecommerce platform in GPN and value-added ingredients filling technology in GN. Total capital expenditure for the year is expected to be €65 million to €75 million.

Dividend per share

Consistent with Glanbia's target annual dividend payout ratio of between 25% and 35% of adjusted earnings per share and as a result of the strong cash performance in the period, the Board is recommending an interim dividend of 10.68 cent per share (HY 2019: 10.68 cent per share). The payment which is in line with the prior year interim dividend represents a payout ratio of 34.4% on half year 2020 earnings. Glanbia's dividend payout ratio policy remains unchanged. The dividend will be paid on 2 October 2020 to shareholders on the register of members as at 21 August 2020. Irish withholding tax will be deducted at the standard rate where appropriate.

Covid-19 update

From the onset of the Covid-19 crisis the Group quickly implemented business continuity planning teams with three priorities; protect employees, continue food supply and maintain the Group's strong financial position.

Protecting employees and maintaining food supply

Since mid-March, a large proportion of the Group's employees have been working remotely and a restriction on all travel has been in place. A comprehensive set of health and safety measures has been implemented at all production sites worldwide with particular emphasis on protecting front line workers.

Glanbia employees, suppliers and customer partners have done an exceptional job and to date all plants across the Group have maintained and adapted production as needed. Customer engagements including innovation projects continued by utilising new ways of working. When conditions allow, Glanbia intends to gradually bring remote workers back to the office but only in a safe working environment and dependent on local Government guidance.

Protecting the Group's strong financial position

In the first half of 2020, Glanbia Group delivered a resilient performance in the context of the priorities set in response to the crisis. The Group's financial priority from the onset of the pandemic was its financial strength. This focus led to a good operating cash flow performance in the first half of 2020. Net debt at 4 July 2020 was €650.9 million, which is a decrease of €126.7 million versus the net debt position at the end of HY 2019. This represents a net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio of 1.95 times. This financial strength positions Glanbia well to emerge strongly from the effects of the pandemic and provides the confidence to undertake strategic M&A such as the Foodarom acquisition which was agreed after the period end and announced today. Glanbia has not availed of any Government financial support related to the Covid-19 pandemic.

Market dynamics

Many of the trends that are aligned with the Group' strategy were accelerated by the pandemic. Consumer focus on health and wellness has deepened, in particular in the areas of weight management, general health and immunity. Lockdowns closed certain routes to market across the globe and caused a surge in ecommerce as well as increased shopping in mass and club retail as consumers compensated for a decline in out of home consumption. Trust and quality criteria were elevated when making purchasing choices and this benefitted category leading brands. Glanbia owns the number one brand in performance nutrition and the number two brand in weight management and these performed well in channels that were not disrupted by lockdowns. GPN now has 34% of its sales in online channels, a category leading level of online penetration. Glanbia Nutritionals, through its portfolio of essential micro-nutrients, where it is the number two player globally, and protein solutions, where it is the number one in the US, was able to meet demand from its customers for value-added functional ingredients that again met key end market consumer health and wellness needs. Although accelerated channel shift and short term market disruption in GPN has caused a headwind to the Group's earnings in the second quarter, Glanbia is well positioned to navigate and emerge strongly from this crisis.

Trading performance

Glanbia Nutritionals traded in line with the prior year as the breadth of the portfolio across key consumer nutrition segments enabled the business to optimise opportunities in areas such as general health and immunity while navigating more challenging end market conditions for certain 'food-to-go' brand customers. The core GN portfolio continues to trade well through July 2020 although some customers in 'food-to-go' categories may take a longer period to fully recover dependant on the evolution of the pandemic. Joint Ventures ("JVs") delivered good profit growth in the period, demonstrating the strong demand for certain dairy staples and while pricing was volatile, the robust nature of the economic models in place protected margins within the Group's JVs.

Glanbia Performance Nutrition suffered the main impact from Covid-19. Many International markets were severely disrupted by lockdowns as routes to market in many countries were essentially closed. In North America the overall portfolio of GPN delivered a robust performance in the context of particular challenges in the specialty and distributor channels. The impact of lockdowns, particularly outside the US, led to material negative operating leverage in the second quarter as sales declined significantly. As the period ended and into July 2020 ordering patterns for GPN brands improved in North America and International markets began to reopen. Recovery is expected in H2 with its pace influenced by the evolution of Covid-19.

Prior to the pandemic, GPN had commenced a transformation project focused on core brands, route-to-market and business reorganisation to support its growth agenda. This project is on plan and key initiatives across these pillars are either delivered or in the execution phase. The project will deliver margin improvements through H2 2020. The trends, such as health and wellness and ecommerce have accelerated due to Covid-19 and as a result Glanbia has broadened the reach of this project to drive further opportunities across all aspects of the business.

Financial guidance remains withdrawn

Glanbia withdrew its 2020 full year financial guidance on 22 April 2020 due to the uncertainty of duration and impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. Those conditions are still in place and therefore 2020 full year financial guidance remains withdrawn.

Financial half year 2020 operations review

		HY 2020			HY 2019
€m	Revenue	EBITA	Margin %	Revenue	EBITA	Margin %
Glanbia Performance Nutrition	532.4	19.6	3.7%	620.1	46.9	7.6%
Nutritional Solutions	387.9	48.1	12.4%	369.6	50.5	13.7%
US Cheese	916.4	17.3	1.9%	768.7	14.0	1.8%
Total wholly-owned businesses	1,836.7	85.0	4.6%	1,758.4	111.4	6.3%
Joint Ventures*	453.6	45.0	9.9%	460.0	41.0	8.9%
Total Group	2,290.3	130.0	5.7%	2,218.4	152.4	6.9%

* Joint Ventures are post an IFRS 15 consolidation adjustment which was adopted in 2019 and primarily relates to Glanbia's share of revenue in the Glanbia Ireland and Glanbia Cheese UK joint ventures. Under IFRS 15, all revenues from the Southwest Cheese joint venture are included in Glanbia Nutritionals. All comparisons are on a like-for-like basis.

Glanbia Performance Nutrition

				Constant Currency
€m	HY 2020	HY 2019	Change	Change
Revenue	532.4	620.1	-14.1%	-15.6%
EBITA	19.6	46.9	- 58.2%	- 59.1%
EBITA margin	3.7%	7.6%	- 390bps	- 390bps

Commentary on percentage movements is on a constant currency basis throughout

GPN revenue declined by 15.6% in HY 2020 versus prior year. This was driven by declines in volume of 14.9% and price of 0.7%. Volume decline was caused by the significant disruption associated with the Covid-19 pandemic in the second quarter. The key areas impacted were route-to-market in International markets and the specialty and distributor channels in North America. Price decline mainly related to pre-agreed customer promotions in North America and increased activity in the direct-to-consumer business in Europe.

GPN transformation project

GPN commenced a wide-ranging transformation project in late 2019 to restore organic growth and improve margins. This project assessed opportunities across brand priorities, route-to-market and reorganisation to support the growth agenda. GPN's decision to prioritise the Optimum Nutrition (ON) and SlimFast brands within the portfolio, to exit the contract business in North America and rationalise 35% of SKUs has helped to reduce the impact of Covid-19. The route-to-market initiatives and supply chain plans are well advanced. The reorganisation of GPN has been largely completed with focused teams now in place to drive growth across the following businesses: North America Performance Nutrition, North America Lifestyle, International and Direct-to-Consumer. Following the acceleration of trends as a result of Covid-19 Glanbia has broadened the reach of this project to drive further opportunities across all areas of the business. It is expected that benefits will begin to accrue from this project to GPN margin through H2 2020, with work ongoing in 2021, delivering an overall GPN EBITA margin ambition by 2022 of between 12% and 13%.

North America Performance Nutrition portfolio

The North America Performance Nutrition portfolio accounted for 37% of total Global GPN sales in HY 2020 and encompasses the ON, BSN and Isopure brands as well as contract business. Revenues declined by 18.2% in the period compared to prior year. Eliminating the impact of contract business, branded like-for-like revenue declined in the period by 11.4%. This was driven by the specialty and distributor channels which were heavily impacted by Covid-19 which also accelerated the exit of contract business. There was good growth in the period in online and food, drug, mass and club channels which now make up the majority of sales in this portfolio and where GPN holds strong category positions via the ON brand. ON is the platform brand in this portfolio and performed satisfactorily in the context of the channel disruption in the period with consumption declining 4.0% versus prior year in measured channels¹ in the period and consumption trends improving as the period ended.

North America Lifestyle portfolio

The North America Lifestyle portfolio accounted for 35% of total Global GPN sales in HY 2020 and encompasses SlimFast, think! and Amazing Grass brands. Revenues increased by 1.6% versus prior year as a result of a strong performance from the SlimFast and Amazing Grass brands as consumers sought weight management products and plant based supplements. Sales were volatile in the second quarter in the food, drug and mass channels as a result of shopper pantry loading and this improved as the quarter ended. The platform brand within this portfolio is SlimFast which had an excellent performance growing consumption in measured channels¹ in the period by 13%. The ready-to-eat category was challenged during the second quarter as it correlated to consumer mobility trends and this impacted the think! brand.

International

International markets accounted for 21% of total Global GPN sales in HY 2020. Revenue declined by 33.2% versus prior year. Many International markets were severely disrupted by lockdowns as routes to market in many countries were essentially closed. This resulted in significant negative operating leverage. As the period ended and into July 2020 International markets began to reopen and recovery is expected to be gradual in H2. Covid-19 has reframed near term expectations for certain geographies and aligned with the transformation project GPN is focused on realigning its footprint internationally towards priority growth opportunities.

Direct-to-Consumer

Body & Fit is GPN's Direct-to-Consumer ("DTC") online platform primarily serving consumers in Europe and accounted for 7% of total Global GPN sales in HY 2020. While revenue declined by 5.3% due to average price reductions, the business has made strong operational progress during the period, expanding into 6 markets, bringing the total served by dedicated teams across Europe and rest of world to 10. To further leverage its digital infrastructure the Body & Fit team also commenced management of a European ON brand dedicated DTC platform during the period.

EBITA

GPN pre-exceptional EBITA in HY 2020 was €19.6 million, 59.1% lower than the prior year, with a pre-exceptional EBITA margin of 3.7%. EBITA declined as a result of revenue decline and negative operating leverage associated with the volatility of sales in the second quarter. The GPN North America portfolio performed well with EBITA broadly in line with prior year as Lifestyle margin improvement offset declines in the Performance Nutrition portfolio. International markets were the primary driver of EBITA decline in the period. The improving sales trends into Q3 together with lower input costs are expected to drive strong margin accretion in GPN in the second half of 2020.

1. North America measured channels include Online, FDMC (Food, Mass, Drug, Club) and Specialty channels. Data compiled from published external sources and Glanbia estimates.

Glanbia Nutritionals

GN Total segment performance				Constant Currency
€m	HY 2020	HY 2019	Change	Change
Revenue*	1,304.3	1,138.3	+14.6%	+12.0%
EBITA	65.4	64.5	+1.4%	-0.9%
EBITA margin	5.0%	5.7%	-70bps	-70bps

*As a result of the adoption of IFRS 15 in 2019, Revenue in Glanbia Nutritionals includes 100% of revenue from the Southwest Cheese joint venture. All comparisons are on a like-for-like basis.

Commentary on percentage movements is on a constant currency basis throughout

GN recorded a strong performance with revenues up 12.0% on prior period driven by volume increases of 4.5%, favourable pricing of 6.4% and the positive impact of the Watson acquisition of 1.1%. Volume increase was driven by Nutritional Solutions and US Cheese. Price was driven by US Cheese due to higher average market prices in the period versus prior year. GN EBITA was broadly in line with prior year delivering a robust performance in H1 2020.

GN divisional performance		HY 2020			HY 2019
€m	Revenue	EBITA	Margin %	Revenue*	EBITA	Margin %
Nutritional Solutions	387.9	48.1	12.4%	369.6	50.5	13.7%
US Cheese	916.4	17.3	1.9%	768.7	14.0	1.8%
Total Glanbia Nutritionals	1,304.3	65.4	5.0%	1,138.3	64.5	5.7%

Nutritional Solutions

				Constant Currency
€m	HY 2020	HY 2019	Change	Change
Revenue	387.9	369.6	+5.0%	+2.9%
EBITA	48.1	50.5	-4.8%	-6.8%
EBITA margin	12.4%	13.7%	-130bps	-130bps

Nutritional Solutions ("NS") revenues increased in the first half of 2020 by 2.9%. This was driven by a 1.2% increase in volume, a 1.8% decrease in price and the Watson acquisition delivering 3.5% of the revenue growth. Volume growth in essential micro nutrients as well as dairy solutions was good in the period as a result of good end market demand and this was offset somewhat by challenges in certain 'food-to-go' categories during the second quarter. Price decrease related to reduced dairy ingredient pricing year-on-year.

Demand for NS's key solutions, which make up the majority of dairy and non-dairy ingredients, remains good across its end markets. Softness in demand in Asia and Europe as a result of Covid-19 improved as the second quarter progressed which offset somewhat declines in demand from 'food-to-go' customers in North America.

The Watson acquisition, which closed in February 2019, is performing well with all commercial and financial integration to be completed in 2020.

NS EBITA was €48.1 million, 6.8% lower than prior year primarily due to reduced volumes from food-to-go customers and lower margins. Margins declined by 130 basis points versus prior year to 12.4% driven by negative product mix.

Foodarom acquisition

The Group has a strong balance sheet and is well positioned to make selective complementary acquisitions, which meet its strategic and financial criteria. After the period end, Glanbia has entered into an agreement to acquire Foodarom, a Canadian Flavours business with CAD 34 million annual revenue, for a purchase price of CAD 60 million plus contingent consideration. Foodarom has a strong flavour formulation capability and is focused on segments complementary to NS. With manufacturing and applications facilities in Canada, the US and Europe this acquisition is on-strategy, is scalable and will enable the further development of flavour solutions to NS customers. The transaction is expected to complete in H2 2020, subject to customary closing conditions, and is expected to be earnings accretive from 2021.

US Cheese

				Constant Currency
€m	HY 2020	HY 2019	Change	Change
Revenue	916.4	768.7	+19.2%	+16.3%
EBITA	17.3	14.0	+23.6%	+20.1%
EBITA margin	1.9%	1.8%	+10 bps	+10 bps

US Cheese revenue increased in the first half of 2020 by 16.3%. This was driven by a 6.0% increase in volume and a 10.3% increase in price. Volume growth reflected good demand from customers with retail end market exposure, a category which was strong as a result of Covid-19. Pricing was volatile in the second quarter and averaged at higher levels than prior year as a result of higher category demand. US Cheese operates a pass through pricing model which helped to negate most of the impact of price volatility in the period.

US Cheese delivered a 20.1% increase in EBITA in H1 2020. This was driven by increased sales volumes as well as a strong operating performance which improved margin by 10 basis points. This was an excellent performance in the context of the demand and price volatility during the second quarter. End market demand has remained good as the period ended with further price volatility expected given the dynamics of retail and food service demand as lockdowns ease in the US.

Equity accounted investees (Glanbia share)

				Constant Currency
€m	HY 2020	HY 2019	Change	Change
Revenue*	453.6	460.0	-1.4%	-1.4%
Share of joint ventures' profit after tax (pre-exceptional)**	31.8	26.8	+18.7%	+17.3%

* Includes Glanbia's share of revenue from the Glanbia Ireland and Glanbia Cheese UK joint ventures.

** Includes Glanbia's share of profits from the Glanbia Ireland, Glanbia Cheese UK and Southwest Cheese joint ventures.

Commentary on percentage movements is on a constant currency basis throughout

Glanbia's principal joint ventures include Glanbia Ireland, Southwest Cheese and Glanbia Cheese UK. Glanbia uses the equity method of accounting for its joint ventures and includes its share of joint venture profit after tax in the adjusted earnings per share calculation. Glanbia adopted the IFRS 15 accounting standard in 2019. Following this all sales of Southwest Cheese products are now recognised within revenue of Glanbia Nutritionals. As a result share of revenue noted above excludes sales of Southwest Cheese.

Joint Ventures ("JVs") revenues decreased by 1.4% in the period and the drivers of this were a 0.2% increase in volume offset by a 1.6% decrease in price. Volume in Glanbia Ireland and Glanbia Cheese UK was broadly in line with prior year. Price decrease reflected lower year-on-year dairy markets in Europe as a result of volatility related to the Covid-19 pandemic.

Glanbia's share of JVs' profit after tax pre-exceptionals, increased by €5.0 million to €31.8 million in the first half of 2020 as a result of improved performance across all JVs when compared to prior year.

Glanbia Co-operative Society Limited - Right to nominate Glanbia plc Directors

In compliance with Listing Rule 6.1.7 of the Euronext Dublin/Listing Rule 9.2.2 AD of the UKLA (UK Listing Authority), Glanbia plc has entered into a written legally binding agreement (the 'Relationship Agreement') with Glanbia Co-operative Society Limited ("Glanbia Co-op"), which is intended to ensure that Glanbia Co-op complies with the independence provisions/undertakings set out in Listing Rule 2.2.15 of Euronext Dublin and 6.5.4 R of the UKLA. This relationship agreement provides that the governance arrangements set out below will apply with respect to the composition and size of the Board of Glanbia plc. Glanbia Co-op currently owns 31.5% of the issued share capital of Glanbia plc. Between 2012 and 2017, Glanbia Co-op and the Board agreed the following changes, which will impact the composition and size of the Board until 2022:

· In 2020 the number of Glanbia Co-op Nominee Directors has reduced from eight to seven, which took place in June 2020;

· In 2022 the number of Glanbia Co-op Nominee Directors will reduce from seven to six. It was the intention that Glanbia Co-op would continue to nominate a Glanbia Co-op Nominee as Chairman of the Board until no later than 30 June 2020; and

· Further, if Glanbia Co-op's shareholding in Glanbia plc falls below 28% of the issued share capital, discussions will take place regarding a further reduction in the size of Glanbia Co-op's representation on the Board.

In accordance with IFRS 10 'Consolidated Financial Statements', Glanbia Co-op controlled the Group and was the ultimate parent of the Group up to 30 June 2020. On 30 June 2020 in accordance with the Relationship Agreement, as the number of directors nominated by Glanbia Co-op reduced to seven in a board comprising of 15 members. Glanbia Co-op no longer controls the Group, and the Company became the ultimate parent company of the Group.

Board changes

The Directors of Glanbia plc are as listed in the Glanbia plc 2019 Annual Report, with the exception of the following changes which have been previously announced:

· Richard Laube retired from the Board on 28 February 2020; and

· Jer Doheny and Eamon Power, directors nominated by Glanbia Co-op, retired from the Board at the AGM on 22 April 2020.

A process to identify a successor to Martin Keane as Chairperson is ongoing. A sub-committee of the Board, led by Dan O'Connor, Senior Independent Director, is responsible for this and external advisors are also engaged to assist the sub-committee in the selection process.

A full list of current directors is maintained on the Glanbia plc website: www.glanbia.com.

HALF YEAR 2020 Finance Review

Half year 2020 Group Income Statement

		HY 2020			HY 2019
€m	Pre-exceptional	Exceptional	Total	Pre-exceptional	Exceptional	Total
Revenue	1,836.7	-	1,836.7	1,758.4	-	1,758.4
Earnings before interest, tax and amortisation (EBITA)	85.0	(15.2)	69.8	111.4	(4.3)	107.1
EBITA margin	4.6%	-	3.8%	6.3%	-	6.1%
Intangible asset amortisation and impairment	(30.5)	-	(30.5)	(28.9)	-	(28.9)
Operating profit	54.5	(15.2)	39.3	82.5	(4.3)	78.2
Finance income	2.7	-	2.7	3.2	-	3.2
Finance costs	(14.2)	-	(14.2)	(16.5)	-	(16.5)
Share of results of Joint Ventures	31.8	(1.2)	30.6	26.8	-	26.8
Profit before taxation	74.8	(16.4)	58.4	96.0	(4.3)	91.7
Income taxes	(4.9)	1.8	(3.1)	(9.2)	0.8	(8.4)
Profit for the half year	69.9	(14.6)	55.3	86.8	(3.5)	83.3

Revenue

Revenue increased by 2.3% versus prior half year on a constant currency basis to €1.8 billion, an increase of 4.5% on a reported basis. GN recorded a strong performance with revenues up 12% on prior period (constant currency) driven by volume increases of 4.5%, favourable pricing of 6.4% and the positive impact of the Watson acquisition of 1.1%. GPN had a challenging performance in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic, where revenues contracted 15.6% (constant currency) driven by a 14.9% decline in volumes and negative pricing impacting 0.7% compared with the comparative period.

EBITA

EBITA before exceptional items declined 25.4% constant currency (down 23.7% reported) to €85.0 million (HY 2019: €111.4 million).

GPN pre-exceptional EBITA decreased by 59.1% constant currency to €19.6 million (HY 2019: €46.9 million), a decrease of 58.2% on a reported basis. GPN pre-exceptional EBITA margin at 3.7% was 390 basis points lower than prior period reported, due to lower volumes and resulting negative operating leverage arising from the negative impact of Covid-19 restrictions, which resulted in the disruption of key sales channels during the height of the pandemic.

GN pre-exceptional EBITA decreased by 0.9% constant currency to €65.4 million (HY 2019: €64.5 million), 1.4% increase on a reported basis. GN pre-exceptional EBITA margin was 5.0%, down 70 basis points from HY 2019, due to the impact of product mix and unfavourable dairy pricing.

Net finance costs

Net finance costs decreased by €1.8 million to €11.5 million (HY 2019: €13.3 million). The decrease was driven primarily by reduced average indebtedness as a result of strong operating cash flow and reduced investment expenditure relative to prior years, net of an increased finance charge following the adoption of IFRS 16. The Group's average interest rate in HY 2020 was 3.0% (HY 2019: 3.6%) with the reduction on prior year being mainly due to lower US dollar interest rates. Glanbia operates a policy of fixing a significant amount of its interest exposure, with 95% of projected 2020 debt currently contracted at fixed rates.

Share of results of Joint Ventures (JVs)

The Group's pre-exceptional share of JV profits increased by €5.0 million to €31.8 million (HY 2019: €26.8 million) in the half year. The share of results of JVs is stated after tax. JVs continue to perform strongly, with period-on-period volume growth.

Income taxes

The half year 2020 pre-exceptional tax charge decreased by €4.3 million to €4.9 million (HY 2019: €9.2 million). This represents an effective tax rate, excluding JVs, of 11.4% (HY 2019: 13.3%). The reduction in the pre-exceptional tax rate is driven primarily by the geographic mix of profits and a lower charge for uncertain tax risks. The tax credit related to exceptional items is €1.8 million. The Group currently expects that its effective tax rate for the remainder of 2020 will be in the range of 11.0% to 12.0%.

Exceptional items

Exceptional items incurred in the first half of 2020 resulted in a net post-tax exceptional charge of €14.6m (HY 2019: €3.5m). Details of the exceptional items incurred in the period are as follows:

€m	HY 2020	HY 2019
Reorganisation costs ¹	15.2	3.2
Covid-19 costs²	3.5	-
Legal settlement gain³	(3.5)	-
Brexit related costs⁴	-	1.1
Exceptional charge before tax	15.2	4.3
Share of results of Joint Ventures - Covid-19 costs²	1.2	-
Exceptional tax credit	(1.8)	(0.8)
Total exceptional charge after tax	14.6	3.5

1. Reorganisation costs - primarily relate to a fundamental reorganisation of the GPN segment which commenced in 2019. This global transformation project aims to realign operating and supply chain structures in support of individual businesses, sharpen focus on brands and optimise routes-to-market across non-US markets to drive greater efficiencies, improve margin and deliver top line growth. Costs incurred to date includes people and property related costs, professional consulting fees and costs associated with terminating and exiting certain contractual arrangements. Given the scale of this project, further costs are anticipated in the second half of the year and into 2021 with full completion of the project anticipated by early 2022.

2. Covid-19 costs relate to the costs of dealing with this pandemic and include the costs of implementing measures to protect people, incremental payments to front line workers during the height of the pandemic and other incidental labour related costs directly associated with the onset of this global pandemic.

3. Legal settlement gain relates to net compensation received following the successful conclusion of a legacy case.

4. Prior year Brexit related costs were incurred in preparing the organisation for the departure of the United Kingdom from the European Union. Costs incurred include professional fees and increased storage and production costs as the Group sought to mitigate the potential risks related to Brexit during 2019. No further costs were incurred during HY 2020.

Profit after tax

Profit after tax for the half year was €55.3 million compared to €83.3 million in HY 2019, comprising pre-exceptional profit after tax of €69.9 million (HY 2019: €86.8 million) and exceptional charges of €14.6 million (HY 2019: €3.5 million). The €16.9 million decline in pre-exceptional profit after tax is primarily driven by the reduced profitability of GPN which more than offsets the increased share of profits in the JVs.

Earnings per share (EPS)

HY2020

HY2019

Reported

Change

Constant Currency

Change

Basic EPS

18.73

28.22

- 33.6%

- 35.0%

Adjusted EPS

31.05

36.69

- 15.4%

- 17.2%

Basic EPS decreased by 33.6% versus prior period (35.0% constant currency), driven by period-on-period reduction in pre-exceptional profitability and increased exceptional losses in half year 2020.

Adjusted EPS is a key performance indicator (KPI) of the Group and a key metric normally guided to the market (as outlined in the first quarter 2020 Interim Management Statement, market guidance was withdrawn due to the uncertainty of duration and impact of Covid-19). Adjusted EPS declined by 15.4% (17.2% constant currency) in the half year, primarily driven by the reduction in profitability of the GPN segment, partially offset by increased share of profits of JVs.

Cash flow

The principal cash flow KPIs of the Group and business segments are Operating Cash Flow (OCF) and Free Cash Flow (FCF). OCF represents EBITDA of the wholly-owned businesses net of business-sustaining capital expenditure and working capital movements, excluding exceptional cash flows. FCF is calculated as the cash flow in the period before the following items: strategic capital expenditure, equity dividends, acquisition spend, proceeds received on disposal, exceptional costs paid, loans to JVs, and foreign exchange movements. These metrics are used to monitor the cash conversion performance of the Group and business segments and identify available cash for strategic investment. OCF conversion is a key element of the Executive Directors and senior management remuneration. OCF and FCF half year results for the Group are outlined below.

€m	HY 2020	HY 2019
EBITDA pre-exceptional	118.2	134.8
Movement in working capital (pre-exceptional)	(62.0)	(108.9)
Business-sustaining capital expenditure	(9.0)	(7.0)
Operating cash flow	47.2	18.9
Net interest and tax paid	(9.1)	(45.4)
Dividends from JVs	17.9	16.1
IFRS 16 lease payments (net of interest)	(10.4)	-
Other outflows	(2.7)	(7.2)
Free cash flow	42.9	(17.6)
Strategic capital expenditure	(20.2)	(30.0)
Equity dividends	(47.1)	(42.9)
Acquisitions	-	(59.6)
Exceptional items paid (net)	(9.4)	(2.8)
Loans to/investment in JVs	-	(37.6)
Cash flow pre-foreign exchange translation/other adjustments	(33.8)	(190.5)
Exchange translation/other adjustments	(2.8)	0.2
Debt acquired on acquisition	-	(10.6)
Net debt movement	(36.6)	(200.9)
Net debt at the beginning of the period	(614.3)	(576.7)
Net debt at the end of the period	(650.9)	(777.6)

Operating Cash Flow (OCF) was €47.2 million (HY 2019: €18.9 million) and represents a cash conversion on EBITDA of 40% (HY 2019: 14%) in the period. The OCF conversion target for the full year remains at 80%. The increase in OCF versus prior period was due primarily to favourable working capital outflows in GPN and a reduction in operating lease charges that are now no longer included in EBITDA following the adoption of IFRS 16 (refer to impact of new accounting standards section below).

The Group continues to actively manage its working capital. During the period, the Group continued a programme to increase payables terms with significant vendors in response to similar increased receivables terms that have been agreed with certain customers. In a small number of cases, certain trade receivables were also sold to a third party, to reduce the impact of increasing trade receivable terms in the current period.

Free Cash Flow (FCF) was €42.9 million (HY 2019: outflow of €17.6 million), with the improvement primarily due to higher OCF and refunds of corporation tax in respect of prior periods. Lease payments (previously accounted for in EBITDA) had no cash impact compared to prior periods, but are now shown separately following the adoption of IFRS 16 (refer to the impact of new accounting standards section below).

Acquisition spend in the prior period relates to Watson, which was acquired in February 2019. Loans to/investment in JVs in the prior period includes investments in Glanbia Cheese EU, the mozzarella cheese JV in Portlaoise, Ireland and in MWC, the JV cheese and whey plant in Michigan, USA. No such payments were made during HY 2020.

Group financing

Financing Key Performance Indicators	HY 2020	HY 2019
Net debt: adjusted EBITDA	1.95 times	2.14 times
Adjusted EBIT: net finance cost (interest cover)	9.4 times	10.5 times

The Group's financial position continues to be strong. Net debt at the 2020 half year was €650.9 million. This is a decrease of €126.7 million from the prior half year net debt of €777.6 million. At half year 2020, Glanbia had committed debt facilities of €1.12 billion with a weighted average maturity of 2.5 years. Glanbia's ability to generate cash, as outlined above, and available debt facilities ensures the Group has considerable capacity to finance future investments. Net debt to adjusted EBITDA was 1.95 times and interest cover was 9.4 times, both metrics remaining well within financing covenants.

Subsequent to the period end, the Group closed on an additional $175 million of Senior Promissory Notes with a coupon of 2.75%, which will be drawn down on 15 December 2020 and will mature on 15 December 2031, thereby further increasing the duration to maturity of available debt facilities.

Use of capital

Capital expenditure

The cash outflow relating to capital expenditure for half year 2020 amounted to €29.2 million (HY 2019: €37.0 million) which includes €9.0 million of business-sustaining capital expenditure and €20.2 million of strategic capital expenditure. Key strategic projects progressed in half year 2020 included investments in Body & Fit (DTC) infrastructure and advanced filling technology in GN.

Investments in JVs

During half year 2020, no further investments were made in the newly established JVs (MWC, the JV cheese and whey manufacturing plant in Michigan, USA and Glanbia Cheese EU, the JV mozzarella cheese plant in Portlaoise, Ireland). This follows a period of substantial investment in both projects during the construction phase since 2018, with both facilities expected to be operational in early 2021, slightly later than planned due to the impact of Covid-19 on construction activities during 2020. Cumulative investment by Glanbia in MWC amounts to $75m, with a further investment of $7.5 million anticipated as the facility becomes operational over the coming months, and cumulative investment in Glanbia Cheese EU of €25 million, with a further €10 million planned. The remaining funding for both of these projects will come from the other JV partners, government grants and dedicated JV banking facilities, which are non-recourse to Glanbia.

Dividends

Glanbia adopts a dividend policy that includes an annual dividend payout ratio between 25% and 35% of adjusted EPS. In line with this policy, the Board is recommending an interim dividend of 10.68 cent per share (HY 2019: 10.68 cent per share). The dividend will be paid on 2 October 2020 to shareholders on the register of members as at 21 August 2020. Irish withholding tax will be deducted at the standard rate where appropriate.

Capital returns policy

The Group has consistently communicated its intention to use its strong cash flow for the benefit of its shareholders. Glanbia's priority continues to be the reinvestment of financial resources it generates back into the business, including through value-adding acquisitions, to deliver sustainable growth in net revenue and improving EPS over time.

In managing the balance sheet, the Group intend to maintain key financial ratios in line with targets, including sustaining net debt/adjusted EBITDA ratio that would imply investment grade.

Repatriating cash to shareholders through a growing dividend remains a long-term goal of the business. The dividend payout for 2020 is expected to continue in line with policy of 25% - 35% of adjusted EPS.

Share buyback and investor consultation

Shareholders have recently given approval for the Group to pursue a share buyback programme following votes at the Company's AGM on 22 April 2020 on Resolutions 12 and 13 where 56% and 70% of Independent shareholders voted in favour respectively for the Company having the authority to execute a share buyback at its discretion. In light of the voting outcome, Glanbia announced that it intended to engage with shareholders to better understand shareholder reasons behind the vote. The consultation was completed over May and June 2020 and whilst the majority of Independent shareholders supported Resolutions 12 and 13 as a useful tool for capital allocation a significant minority would prefer the Company not engage in a buyback due to shareholder concentration concerns and prudent capital preservation. In light of the current uncertain global environment the Board has decided to delay any such programme and will review the position again later in 2020.

Impact of new accounting standards

While new accounting standards and improvements are issued annually, one new accounting standard was adopted during half year 2020. The impact of this standard for Glanbia is set out below.

IFRS 16 'Leases'

IFRS 16 'Leases' came into effect for the Group on 5 January 2020. Under this new accounting standard, the fair value of all qualifying operating leases, representing the present value of the lease payments over the life of the lease, are recognised as lease liabilities with corresponding right-of-use assets. The new standard results in the removal of rental charges of qualifying leases from the Income Statement and replacement with a depreciation charge in respect of the right-of-use assets and an interest charge relating to the lease liabilities.

The Group adopted the modified retrospective approach to transition permitted by the standard in which the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard is recognised in opening retained earnings at 5 January 2020. Under this approach, the comparatives for the 2019 reporting period are not restated. The reclassifications and the adjustments arising from the new leasing rules are therefore recognised in the opening balance sheet on 5 January 2020.

On 5 January 2020, the Group recognised right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of €106.4 million and €129.6 million respectively. Changes brought about by this new accounting standard do not have a material impact on the financial KPIs or Adjusted EPS in the period. At half year 2020, adjusted earnings used to calculate EPS per share decreased by €0.3 million as a result of the adoption of IFRS 16. Further detail relating to the impact of this new standard is set out in note 3 of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Pension

The Group's net pension liability under IAS 19 (revised) 'Employee Benefits', before deferred tax, decreased by €21.1 million to €25.2 million since 5 January 2020. The defined benefit pension liability is calculated by discounting the estimated future cash outflows using appropriate corporate bond rates. During the period, returns on assets were greater than expected, as a result of a conservative investment strategy previously adopted, which more than offset modest increases in liabilities during this period of global uncertainty.

Foreign exchange

Glanbia generates over 90% of its earnings in US dollar currency and has significant assets and liabilities denominated in US dollars. As a result, and as Glanbia's reporting currency is euro, there can be a significant impact to reported numbers arising from currency movements year-on-year and on translation of US dollar non-monetary assets and liabilities in the preparation of the half year Consolidated Financial Statements. Commentary has been provided within the income statement on a constant currency basis to provide a better reflection of the underlying operating results in the year, as this removes the translational currency impact. To arrive at the constant currency change, the average foreign exchange rate for the current period is applied to the relevant reported result from the same period in the prior year. At the balance sheet date, there was a translation loss arising on the translation of non-euro denominated assets and liabilities into euro, primarily due to the weakening of the US dollar compared to half year 2019. The loss on translation of non-monetary assets and liabilities into euro is presented within other comprehensive income and amounted to €24.1 million in the half year (HY 2019: €9.7 million gain). Period-end US dollar to euro rates were as follows:

	HY 2020	FY 2019	HY 2019
1 euro converted to US dollar	1.1224	1.1147	1.1380

Financial strategy

Glanbia's financial strategy is very much aligned with its overall strategy of ensuring the Group delivers on its key financial goals. Specific financial goals to enable this strategy include:

· Assessing both external and organic investment opportunities against a target minimum benchmark of 12% return after tax by end of year three, with a goal of between 10% and 13% Return On Capital Employed (ROCE) in any one year;

· Focusing the organisation on cash conversion through improved working capital management and disciplined business-sustaining capital expenditure, with a goal of greater than 80% cash conversion;

· Leveraging the Group's activities to enable improved cost structures utilising shared services, procurement, IT and a continuous improvement mindset;

· Maintaining the capital structure of the Group within an implicit investment grade credit profile; and

· Dividend policy with a payout ratio of 25% - 35%.

Brexit and international trade challenges

The UK departed from EU membership ('Brexit') on 31 January 2020 and immediately entered into an 11 month transition period. The process and its impact in terms of the exit deal including tariffs and trade agreements post this transition period remain unclear and difficult to quantify at this point in time. Despite the uncertainty surrounding the United Kingdom's trading relationship with the EU post the transition period, the Group's preparations continue and no significant change is expected to impact the Group's financial performance for the remainder of the year in relation to this.

As global trade uncertainty continues, the impact of tariffs on international trade will continue to be monitored by the Group and mitigated as much as possible.

Principal risks and uncertainties

The Board of Glanbia plc has the ultimate responsibility for the Group's systems of risk management and internal control. The Group's risk management framework outlines the key stakeholder risk management responsibilities. It is designed to ensure that there is input from across all levels of the business to the management of risk and to enable the Group remain responsive to the ever changing environment in which it operates, including the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020. This framework, together with the processes to identify, manage and mitigate potential material risks to the achievement of the Group's strategic objectives are set out in detail on pages 52-59 of Glanbia plc's 2019 Annual Report.

The Group's principal risks and uncertainties are summarised in the risk profile table below. The Group has considered the impact of the pandemic on its business and reassessed its risk factors accordingly. While Covid-19 is a factor in almost all risks to some extent, the risks where the pandemic has had the most impact since the Group's 2019 Annual Report risk trend, issued on 9 March 2020, are primarily related to the economic/industry, market disruption and health and safety risks. As the global response to Covid-19 continues to evolve and the risk of a second wave of the virus remains, there may be other risks and uncertainties that are not yet considered material or not yet known to the Group and this list will change if these risks assume greater importance in the future.

Strategic/external

Financial

Technological

Operational/regulatory

Emerging

Risk where trend is stable

• Taxation changes

• Product safety and compliance

• Acquisition/integration

Risk where trend is increasing

• Economic, industry and political

• Customer concentration

• Market disruption

• Digital transformation

• Cyber security and data protection

• Health and safety

• Talent management

• Supply chain

• Climate change

As a provider of essential services, the Group has largely been able to keep its supply chains, manufacturing plants and distribution networks operating reasonably effectively during the pandemic. However, similar to other companies, the Group has experienced operational and market related challenges associated with Covid-19 in the first six months of the year. The Board continues to monitor its key risks, particularly those whose probability of occurrence/ extent of impact have increased due to Covid-19 including the health and safety of employees and customers, monitoring customers' ability to navigate the challenges of Covid-19 lockdown measures, maintaining supply chains and ensuring appropriate inventory levels are held to serve global markets.

Management continue to perform detailed assessments of the risks faced by the Group relating to Covid-19 and the wider risk environment. The key risk factors and uncertainties with the potential to impact on the Group's financial performance in the second half of 2020 include:

· Economic, industry and political risk - as an international business the Group operates in many countries and currencies where changing economic conditions can impact on it. Covid-19 actions taken by the countries in which the Group operates continue to evolve resulting in a risk of continued or further disruption to business activities, supply chains and employees throughout the remainder of the year. A prolonged pandemic-driven global recession may pose longer term risks as markets globally struggle to return to pre-Covid levels. Whilst a significant focus has been placed on the containment and suppression of Covid-19 globally, the uncertainty relating to the UK's future trading relationship with the EU continues to persist with the UK due to end its period of transition in December 2020. The outcome of the 2020 US presidential election or a deterioration in US/China trade relations may also increase uncertainty and instability in global markets in the short to medium term;

· Market disruption risk - Covid-19 restrictions have had and will continue to have a significant impact on commercial activity globally with the closure and subsequent re-opening of restaurants/food service outlets, gyms, convenience stores and the cancellation of multiple sporting events. The risk of a second wave of Covid-19 may further disrupt the ability of markets to re-open fully in 2020 and delay a return to pre-Covid sales levels, particularly in the GPN International markets, distributor networks and/or the specialty channel;

· Supply chain risk - the ability of governments and medical agencies to contain and suppress the spread of the Covid-19 virus continues to be important in preventing unexpected supply chain disruptions which could result in restrictions on the importation of key raw materials and/or further negative impacts on international sales channels. The Group is holding appropriate safety stocks for core raw materials, however a prolonged impact to supply chains would have negative consequences from both a supply and pricing perspective;

· Customer concentration risk - while strategically the Group aims to build strong customer relationships with major customers, material disruption with, or loss of, one or more of these customers, or a significant deterioration in commercial terms, could materially impact profitability. It can also expose the Group to credit exposure and other balance sheet risks. The Board is focused on utilising available mitigation to limit such exposures where possible. This is particularly relevant in 2020 as customers navigate the challenges imposed by Covid-19 restrictions on their operations; and

· Health and Safety risk - a failure to maintain good health and safety practices may adversely impact performance. A wide range of additional measures and mitigations have been introduced as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic which builds on existing strong controls of the Group.

The Group actively manages these and all other risks, including emerging risks, through its risk management and internal control processes.

Cautionary statement

Glanbia plc (the 'Group') has made forward-looking statements in this document that are based on management's beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to management. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, information concerning the Group's possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, financing plans, competitive position, potential growth opportunities, potential operating performance improvements, the effects of competition and the effects of future legislation or regulations. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as the words 'believe', 'develop', 'ensure', 'arrive', 'achieve', 'anticipate', 'maintain', 'grow', 'aim', 'deliver', 'sustain', 'should' or the negative of these terms or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. The risk factors included on pages 52 to 59 of the Group's 2019 Annual Report, as well as the impact of the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, could cause the Group's results to differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements. There may be other risks and uncertainties that the Group is unable to predict at this time or that the Group currently does not expect to have a material adverse effect on its business. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this document. The Group expressly disclaims any obligation to update these forward-looking statements other than as required by law. The forward-looking statements in this release do not constitute reports or statements published in compliance with any of Regulations 6 to 8 of the Transparency (Directive 2004/109/EC) Regulations 2007.

Results webcast and dial-in details

There will be a webcast and presentation to accompany this results announcement at 8.30 a.m. BST today. Please access the webcast from the Glanbia website at http://www.glanbia.com/investors/results-centre, where the presentation can also be viewed or downloaded. In addition, a dial-in facility is available using the following numbers:

Ireland	+353 (0)1 246 5621
UK	+44 (0)330 336 9411
Netherlands	+31 (0)20 703 8261
France	+33 (0)1 76 77 22 57
Germany North America	+49 (0)69 2222 2018 +1 323 794 2093

The access code for all participants is: 6836602

A replay of the call will be available for 30 days approximately two hours after the call ends.

For further information contact

Glanbia plc +353 56 777 2200

Siobhán Talbot, Group Managing Director

Mark Garvey, Group Finance Director

Liam Hennigan, Group Director Strategic Planning and Investor Relations

+353 86 046 8375

Martha Kavanagh, Head of Corporate Communications

+353 87 646 2006

2020 half year financial report

Responsibility statement

The Directors are responsible for preparing the half yearly financial report in accordance with the Transparency (Directive 2004/109/EC) Regulations 2007 as amended, the related Transparency Rules of the Central Bank of Ireland and with IAS 34 'Interim Financial Reporting', as adopted by the European Union.

The Directors of Glanbia plc confirm that, to the best of their knowledge:

· The condensed Group interim financial statements for the period commencing 5 January 2020 and ended 4 July 2020 (six months/half year) have been prepared in accordance with the International Accounting Standard applicable to interim financial reporting (IAS 34) adopted pursuant to the procedure provided for under Article 6 of the Regulation (EC) No. 1606/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 July 2002; and

· The half yearly financial report includes a true and fair review of:

o the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit of the Group;

o the important events that have occurred during the first six months of the financial year, their impact on the condensed Group financial statements for the half year ended 4 July 2020, and a description of the principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months of the financial year; and

o related party transactions that have occurred during the first six months of the current financial year that have materially affected the financial position or the performance of the Group during that period and any changes in the related party transactions described in the last Annual Report that could have a material effect on the financial position or the performance of the Group in the first six months of the current financial year.

On behalf of the Board

Siobhán Talbot Mark Garvey

Group Managing Director Group Finance Director

12 August 2020

Condensed Group Income statement

for the half year ended 4 JULY 2020

			Half year 2020			Half year 2019
	Notes	Pre-exceptional €'m	Exceptional €'m (note 7)	Total €'m	Pre-exceptional €'m	Exceptional €'m (note 7)	Total €'m

Revenue	4	1,836.7	-	1,836.7	1,758.4	-	1,758.4

Earnings before interest, tax and amortisation (EBITA)	4	85.0	(15.2)	69.8	111.4	(4.3)	107.1
Intangible asset amortisation and impairment	13	(30.5)	-	(30.5)	(28.9)	-	(28.9)

Operating profit	6	54.5	(15.2)	39.3	82.5	(4.3)	78.2

Finance income	9	2.7	-	2.7	3.2	-	3.2
Finance costs	9	(14.2)	-	(14.2)	(16.5)	-	(16.5)
Share of results of equity accounted investees	4	31.8	(1.2)	30.6	26.8	-	26.8

Profit before taxation		74.8	(16.4)	58.4	96.0	(4.3)	91.7
Income taxes	10	(4.9)	1.8	(3.1)	(9.2)	0.8	(8.4)
Profit attributable to the equity holders of the Company		69.9	(14.6)	55.3	86.8	(3.5)	83.3

Earnings Per Share attributable to the equity holders of the Company	12
Basic Earnings Per Share (cent)				18.73			28.22
Diluted Earnings Per Share (cent)				18.71			28.19

Condensed Group Statement of comprehensive Income

for the half year ended 4 JULY 2020

	Notes	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m

Profit for the period		55.3	83.3

Other comprehensive income
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to the Group income statement:
Remeasurements on defined benefit plans, net of deferred tax		12.2	(2.7)
Share of other comprehensive income of equity accounted investees, net of deferred tax	18.2	4.9	(3.7)
Revaluation of equity instruments at FVOCI*, net of deferred tax	18.1	0.2	(0.1)

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to the Group income statement :
Currency translation differences	18.1	(24.1)	9.7
Currency translation difference arising on net investment hedge	18.1	0.6	(0.6)
Loss on cash flow hedges, net of deferred tax		(0.2)	(2.0)
Share of other comprehensive income of equity accounted investees, net of deferred tax		(9.9)	(8.8)
Other comprehensive income for the period, net of tax		(16.3)	(8.2)
Total comprehensive income for the period attributable to equity holders of the Company		39.0	75.1

*Fair value through other comprehensive income ('FVOCI')

Condensed Group Balance sheet

as at 4 JULY 2020

	Notes	4 July 2020 €'m	4 January 2020 €'m
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment		462.0	474.1
Right-of-use assets	22	103.0	-
Intangible assets		1,318.2	1,344.6
Equity accounted investees		376.0	373.2
Other financial assets		3.4	3.4
Loans to equity accounted investees		28.8	28.8
Deferred tax assets		1.9	1.9
Retirement benefit assets	8	2.9	2.1
		2,296.2	2,228.1
Current assets
Current tax assets		27.9	23.7
Inventories		459.8	447.5
Trade and other receivables		413.2	432.3
Derivative financial instruments		0.4	0.3
Cash and cash equivalents (excluding bank overdrafts)		147.3	269.0
		1,048.6	1,172.8
Total assets		3,344.8	3,400.9

EQUITY
Issued capital and reserves attributable to equity holders of the Company
Share capital and share premium	17	105.4	105.4
Other reserves	18.1	237.7	269.1
Retained earnings	18.2	1,340.3	1,327.4

Total equity		1,683.4	1,701.9

LIABILITIES
Non-current liabilities
Borrowings	14	594.2	514.2
Lease liabilities		108.8	-
Deferred tax liabilities		167.9	168.6
Retirement benefit obligations	8	28.1	48.4
Provisions	16	3.3	-
Other payables		0.8	12.5
		903.1	743.7
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables		450.0	512.5
Current tax liabilities		79.7	67.7
Borrowings	14	204.0	369.1
Lease liabilities		16.3	-
Derivative financial instruments		3.2	2.4
Provisions	16	5.1	3.6
		758.3	955.3

Total liabilities		1,661.4	1,699.0

Total equity and liabilities		3,344.8	3,400.9

Condensed Group Statement of changes in equity

For the half year ended 4 JULY 2020

	Attributable to equity holders of the Company
Half year 2020	Share capital and share premium €'m (note 17)	Other reserves €'m (note 18.1)	Retained earnings €'m (note 18.2)	Total €'m
Balance at 4 January 2020	105.4	269.1	1,327.4	1,701.9
Effect of adoption of IFRS 16	-	-	(13.9)	(13.9)
Balance at 5 January 2020	105.4	269.1	1,313.5	1,688.0
Profit for the period	-	-	55.3	55.3
Other comprehensive income	-	(33.4)	17.1	(16.3)
Total comprehensive income for the period	-	(33.4)	72.4	39.0

Transactions with equity holders of the Company Contributions and distributions
Dividends	-	-	(47.1)	(47.1)
Purchase of own shares	-	(0.9)	-	(0.9)
Cost of share-based payments	-	3.9	-	3.9
Transfer on exercise, vesting or expiry of share-based payments	-	(1.0)	1.0	-
Deferred tax on share-based payments	-	-	0.5	0.5

Balance at 4 July 2020	105.4	237.7	1,340.3	1,683.4

Half year 2019
Balance at 30 December 2018	105.4	240.9	1,242.8	1,589.1
Profit for the period	-	-	83.3	83.3
Other comprehensive income	-	(1.8)	(6.4)	(8.2)
Total comprehensive income for the period	-	(1.8)	76.9	75.1

Transactions with equity holders of the Company Contributions and distributions
Dividends	-	-	(42.9)	(42.9)
Purchase of own shares	-	(7.6)	-	(7.6)
Cost of share-based payments	-	4.5	-	4.5
Transfer on exercise, vesting or expiry of share-based payments	-	(1.0)	1.0	-
Deferred tax on share-based payments	-	-	0.4	0.4

Balance at 29 June 2019	105.4	235.0	1,278.2	1,618.6

Condensed gROUP Statement of cash flows

For the half year ended 4 JULY 2020

	Notes	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operating activities	21	45.0	23.4
Interest received		3.7	0.9
Interest paid (including leases*)		(15.1)	(16.6)
Income tax paid		2.6	(29.3)
Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities		36.2	(21.6)

Cash flows from investing activities
Payment for acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired		-	(59.6)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment		(16.2)	(20.2)
Purchase of intangible assets		(13.0)	(16.8)
Interest paid in relation to property, plant and equipment		(0.3)	(0.4)
Dividends received from equity accounted investees		17.9	16.1
Proceeds from disposal/redemption from FVOCI financial assets		-	0.4
Payments for FVOCI financial assets		-	(0.3)
Repayment of loans advanced to equity accounted investees		-	1.0
Investment in equity accounted investees		-	(38.6)
Net cash outflow from investing activities		(11.6)	(118.4)

Cash flows from financing activities
Purchase of own shares	18.1	(0.9)	(7.6)
Repayment of borrowings	14	(664.4)	(1,090.9)
Drawdown of borrowings	14	622.7	1,208.0
Payment of lease liabilities*		(10.4)	-
Dividends paid to Company shareholders		(47.1)	(42.9)
Net cash (outflow)/inflow from financing activities		(100.1)	66.6

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	14	(75.5)	(73.4)
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period		164.7	175.7
Cash and cash equivalents acquired on acquisition	14	-	(4.2)
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		(1.6)	1.7
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period		87.6	99.8

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period include:

		4 July 2020 €'m	29 June 2019 €'m
Cash and cash equivalents (excluding bank overdrafts)		147.3	189.8
Bank overdrafts	14	(59.7)	(90.0)
	14	87.6	99.8

* Repayment of lease liabilities capitalised under IFRS 16 during the half year ended 4 July 2020 amounted to €11.9 million, of which €1.5 million related to interest expense (note 9) paid which is presented in cash flows from operating activities

Notes to the financial statements

For the half year ended 4 JULY 2020

1. General information

Glanbia plc (the 'Company') and its subsidiaries (together the 'Group') is a leading global nutrition group with its main operations in Europe, US and Asia Pacific.

The Company is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in Ireland, the number under which it is registered is 129933. The address of its registered office is Glanbia House, Kilkenny, Ireland. Glanbia Co-operative Society Limited (the 'Society'), together with its subsidiaries, holds 31.5% of the issued share capital of the Company. The Board of Directors as at 4 January 2020 was comprised of 16 members, of which up to 8, including the Chairman who had the casting vote, were nominated by the Society. In accordance with IFRS 10 'Consolidated Financial Statements', the Society controlled the Group and was the ultimate parent of the Group up to 30 June 2020. On 30 June 2020 in accordance with the Relationship Agreement, the number of directors nominated by the Society reduced to seven in a board comprising of 15 members. Thereafter the Society no longer controlled the Group, and the Company became the ultimate parent company of the Group.

The Company's shares are quoted on the Euronext Dublin and London Stock Exchange.

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements (interim financial statements) as at, and for the period commencing 5 January 2020 and ended 4 July 2020 were approved for issue by the Board of Directors on 12 August 2020.

2. Basis of preparation

The interim financial statements as at, and for the period commencing 5 January 2020 and ended 4 July 2020 (half year/six months) have been prepared in accordance with the Transparency (Directive 2004/109/EC) Regulations 2007 as amended, the Central Bank (Investment Market Conduct) Rules 2019 and with IAS 34 'Interim Financial Reporting', as adopted by the European Union. The interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements as at, and for the year ended 4 January 2020 (2019 Annual Report), which have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The interim financial statements do not include all of the information required for a complete set of IFRS financial statements. However, selected explanatory notes are included to explain events and transactions that are significant to an understanding of the changes in the Group's financial position and performance since the last annual report.

The interim financial statements as at, and for the period commencing 5 January 2020 and ended 4 July 2020 and, as at, and for the six months ended 29 June 2019, have neither been audited nor reviewed by the Group's auditors.

Statutory information

The interim financial statements are considered non-statutory financial statements for the purposes of the Companies Act 2014 and in compliance with section 340(4) of that Act we state that:

· the interim financial statements as at, and for the period commencing 5 January 2020 and ended 4 July 2020 have been prepared to meet our obligation under the Transparency (Directive 2004/109/EC) Regulations 2007 as amended (Statutory Instrument No. 277 of 2007);

· the interim financial statements as at, and for the period commencing 5 January 2020 and ended 4 July 2020 do not constitute the statutory financial statements of the Group and are unaudited;

· the statutory financial statements as at, and for the financial year ended 4 January 2020 have been annexed to the annual return and filed with the Companies Registration Office;

· the statutory auditors of the Group have made a report under section 391 in the form required by section 336 Companies Act 2014 in respect of the statutory financial statements of the Group; and

· the matters referred to in the statutory auditors' report were unqualified, and did not include a reference to any matters to which the statutory auditors drew attention by way of emphasis without qualifying the report.

Going concern

The Group has adopted the going concern basis in preparing its interim financial statements after taking account of the Group's latest outlook of its cash flows, liquidity, borrowing facilities and related covenant requirements.

While the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic continues to evolve with no certainty of future trajectory or duration, the Directors have modelled and considered a number of scenarios relating to the impact of Covid-19 on the Group, incorporating current levels of trading and impact of the pandemic thus far. The most relevant scenarios considered were:

· assumption of no significant further impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in the second half of 2020, with an improving global recovery over the second half of the year and into 2021.

· a relapse of Covid-19 in significant markets, with the onset of "wave 2", resulting in a similar negative impact on business in early 2021 to that experienced during the first half of 2020.

In both scenarios, the Group continues to have significant liquidity headroom on existing banking facilities and against the financial covenants. At 4 July 2020, the Group has:

· unrestricted cash of €147.3 million;

· undrawn revolving committed bank facilities of €1.2 million and €389.7 million expiring in July 2021 and January 2024 respectively; and

· undrawn bank overdraft facilities of €15.3 million renewable on an annual basis.

In all cases, the Group's ability to refinance borrowings that are repayable within the next 12 months from the date of approval of these interim financial statements was also considered.

Having given due regard to the above, the Directors, after making appropriate enquiries, have reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for a period of at least 12 months from the date of approval of the interim financial statements. The Group therefore considers it appropriate to adopt the going concern basis in preparing its interim financial statements.

Critical accounting judgements and estimates

The significant accounting judgements and estimates made in the preparation of the interim financial statements relate to exceptional items, interests in joint ventures, retirement benefit obligations, impairment reviews of goodwill and indefinite life intangibles, income taxes and provisions, all of which remain consistent to those disclosed in the 2019 Annual Report. Updates to key judgements and estimates during the six months ended 4 July 2020 include: exceptional items (Note 7), actuarial assumptions (Note 8) and impairment tests of goodwill and indefinite life intangibles as described in the "Impact of Covid-19" section below. The impact of Covid-19 on judgements and estimates is set out below.

Impact of Covid-19

The Group has considered the impact of Covid-19 with respect to the judgements and estimates it makes in the application of its accounting policies. The financial statements at 4 July 2020 incorporate these considerations on the recoverability of inventory, trade receivables and other assets. The Group continues to actively manage its working capital including inventory and trade receivables. Appropriate inventory levels are held to minimise the likelihood of future potential stock obsolescence. Outstanding customer balances are actively monitored and reviews for indicators of impairment are done on an ongoing basis. Furthermore, trade credit is extended to customers after careful consideration and thereafter continuously monitored. Where the extension of credit is considered inappropriate, payment in advance is required. As a result from the foregoing measures, the impact of Covid-19 on the recoverability of inventory and trade receivables is not considered significant.

The impairment testing of goodwill and indefinite life intangibles at the reporting date is based on the key assumptions disclosed in the 2019 Annual Report, updated to take account of future potential trading scenarios as a result of this pandemic (as further described in the Going Concern section) and discount rates reflecting current market conditions. The testing did not result in any impairment at the balance sheet date.

Sensitivity analysis has been conducted in respect of each of the cash generating units (CGUs) (note 13) using sensitivity assumptions which remain consistent as disclosed in the 2019 Annual Report. From our sensitivity analysis, we have identified one CGU, the think! lifestyle business, where a reasonably possible change in the terminal value growth rate could result in an impairment charge. Based on the second scenario as described in the Going Concern section (a relapse of Covid-19 in significant markets), the recoverable amount of this CGU exceeds its carrying amount by €62.0 million. The change required to the terminal value growth rate of 2% that would result in the carrying amount to equal its recoverable amount is a decrease of 179bps.

Foreign currency translation

The interim financial statements are presented in euro, which is the Group's presentation currency.

The principal exchange rates used for the translation of results and balance sheets into euro are as follows:

		Average		Period end
Euro 1=	Half year 2020	Half year 2019	Year 2019	4 July 2020	29 June 2019	4 January 2020
US dollar	1.1019	1.1297	1.1196	1.1224	1.1380	1.1147
Pound sterling	0.8754	0.8739	0.8772	0.9012	0.8966	0.8512

3. Accounting policies

The methods of computation, presentation and accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the interim financial statements are consistent with those applied in the 2019 Annual Report except for those noted below. The Group's accounting policies are set out in note 2 to the financial statements in the 2019 Annual Report.

New and amended standards and interpretations adopted in the current year

IFRS 16 'Leases' (EU effective date: accounting periods commencing on or after 1 January 2019)

The Group recognised right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for those leases previously classified as operating leases, except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets. The right-of-use assets for leases were recognised based on the carrying amount as if the standard had always been applied, apart from the use of incremental borrowing rate at the date of initial application. Lease liabilities were recognised based on the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using the incremental borrowing rate at the date of initial application. There were no leases previously classified as finance leases as at 4 January 2020.

In applying IFRS 16 for the first time, the Group has availed of practical expedients/exemptions including:

· applying a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases with reasonably similar characteristics

· relying on previous assessments on whether leases are onerous as an alternative to performing an impairment review

· accounting for operating leases with a remaining lease term of within 12 months of 5 January 2020 as short-term leases

· using hindsight in determining the lease term where the contract contains options to extend or terminate the lease

· not reassessing whether a contract is, or contains a lease at the date of initial application

· not making any adjustments on transition for leases for which the underlying asset is of low value

The impact of the adoption of IFRS 16 is as follows:

· right-of-use asset and lease liabilities: initial recognition of €106.4 million and €129.6 million respectively as at 5 January 2020

· non-current other payables*: decrease of €12.5 million as at 5 January 2020

· depreciation charge: increase of €9.4 million in the period

· finance costs: increase of €1.5 million in the period

· adjusted earnings used to calculate adjusted EPS per share: decrease of €0.3 million in the period**

* Relate to lease incentives on non-cancellable operating leases under IAS 17 as at 4 January 2020

** The impact of the adoption of IFRS 16 on operating profit for the period ended 4 July 2020 is an increase of €1.2 million and has been calculated based on the portfolio of leases which existed at 4 January 2020

The lease liabilities as at 5 January 2020 can be reconciled to the operating lease commitments as of 4 January 2020 as follows:

			2020 €'m
Operating lease commitments disclosed as at 4 January 2020			128.8
Less: short-term leases recognised as expense			(0.7)
Add: adjustments as a result of a different treatment of extension and termination options			16.8

Total future lease payments			144.9
Effect of discounting (lessee's weighted average incremental borrowing rate of 2.29% on 5 January 2020)			(15.3)

Lease liability recognised as at 5 January 2020			129.6

No significant judgements or estimates were made in applying IFRS 16 that would have a material impact on the Group. However, it is noted that estimation is involved in determining incremental borrowing rate (IBR) which is used to measure lease liabilities. The Group estimates the IBR based on the currency and country/region in which a lease is based, the lease term, and the credit quality of the Group. In addition, judgement is involved in determining the lease term where there are extension or termination options. In determining the lease term, the Group considers all relevant factors that create an economic incentive for it to exercise the renewal or termination of the lease. The Group assesses at lease commencement date whether it is reasonably certain to exercise these options for leases. The Group reassesses whether it is reasonably certain to exercise them if there is a significant event or change in circumstances within its control.

Set out below are the new accounting policies of the Group upon adoption of IFRS 16, which have been applied from the date of initial application:

Right-of-use assets

The Group recognises right-of-use assets at the commencement date of the lease (i.e., the date the underlying asset is available for use). Right-of-use assets are measured at cost, less any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities. The cost of right-of-use assets includes the initial amount of lease liabilities recognised, initial direct costs incurred, and lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received. The recognised right-of-use assets are generally depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of its estimated useful life and the lease term. If the Group is reasonably certain to exercise a purchase option, the right-of-use asset is depreciated over the underlying asset's useful life.

Lease liabilities

At the commencement date of the lease, the Group recognises lease liabilities measured at the present value of lease payments to be made over the lease term. The lease payments include fixed payments (including in-substance fixed payments) less any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, and amounts expected to be paid under residual value guarantees. The lease payments also include the exercise price of a purchase option reasonably certain to be exercised by the Group and payments of penalties for terminating a lease, if the lease term reflects the Group exercising the option to terminate. The variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate are recognised as an expense in the period on which the event or condition that triggers the payment occurs.

In calculating the present value of lease payments, the Group uses the IBR at the lease commencement date if the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. After the commencement date, the amount of lease liabilities is increased to reflect the accretion of interest and reduced for the lease payments made. In addition, the carrying amount of lease liabilities is remeasured if there is a modification, a change in the lease term, a change in the in-substance fixed lease payments or a change in the assessment to purchase the underlying asset.

For leases of plant and equipment, and motor vehicles for which the Group is a lessee, it has elected not to separate lease and non-lease components, and instead account for these as a single lease component.

Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets

The Group applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to its short-term leases i.e. those leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less from the commencement date and do not contain a purchase option. It also applies the lease of low-value assets recognition exemption to leases of assets that are considered of low value. Lease payments on short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

IFRIC Interpretation 23 'Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments' (EU effective date: accounting periods commencing on or after 1 January 2019)

This interpretation sets out how to determine taxable profit (tax loss), tax bases, unused tax losses, unused tax credits and tax rates when there is uncertainty over income tax treatments under IAS 12 'Income taxes'. The adoption of this interpretation did not have a material impact on the financial statements as the Group already applied the principles of IFRIC 23 in determining its provisions for uncertain tax treatments.

Amendments to IFRS 3 'Business Combinations' (EU effective date: on or after 1 January 2020)

The amendments clarify the definition of a business to help entities determine whether an acquired set of activities and assets is a business or not. The adoption of the amendments did not have a material impact on the financial statements.

There are other standards and amendments that have been issued but are not yet effective for the Group. They are not currently relevant for the Group or expected to have a material effect on the Group financial statements.

4. Segment information

Pre-exceptional segment results are as follows:

Half year 2020	Glanbia Performance Nutrition €'m	Glanbia Nutritionals €'m	Glanbia Ireland €'m	Total reportable segments €'m	All other segments and unallocated €'m	Total €'m
Total gross segment revenue	532.4	1,318.0	-	1,850.4	-	1,850.4
Inter-segment revenue	-	(13.7)	-	(13.7)	-	(13.7)
Revenue	532.4	1,304.3	-	1,836.7	-	1,836.7

Total Group earnings before interest, tax, amortisation and exceptional items (EBITA)	19.6	65.4	-	85.0	-	85.0
Shares of results of equity accounted investees (pre-exceptional)	-	-	14.5	14.5	17.3	31.8

Half year 2019
Total gross segment revenue	620.1	1,155.6	-	1,775.7	-	1,775.7
Inter-segment revenue	-	(17.3)	-	(17.3)	-	(17.3)
Revenue	620.1	1,138.3	-	1,758.4	-	1,758.4

Total Group earnings before interest, tax, amortisation and exceptional items (EBITA)	46.9	64.5	-	111.4	-	111.4
Shares of results of equity accounted investees (pre-exceptional)	-	-	9.3	9.3	17.5	26.8

Segment earnings before interest, tax, amortisation and exceptional items are reconciled to reported profit before tax and profit after tax in the Group income statement.

The segment assets and liabilities are as follows:

4 July 2020

Glanbia Performance Nutrition

€'m

Glanbia Nutritionals

€'m

Glanbia Ireland

€'m

Total reportable segments

€'m

All other

segments and unallocated

€'m

Total

€'m

Segment assets

1,664.7

1,077.5

230.8

2,973.0

371.8

3,344.8

Segment liabilities

294.3

326.8

621.1

1,040.3

1,661.4

4 January 2020
Segment assets	1,709.1	977.6	227.0	2,913.7	487.2	3,400.9
Segment liabilities	350.8	331.8	-	682.6	1,016.4	1,699.0

Revenue is disaggregated based on the Group's internal reporting structures, the primary geographical markets in which the Group operates, the timing of revenue recognition, and channel mix as set out in the following tables:

		Half year 2020			Half year 2019
	Glanbia Performance Nutrition 'm	Glanbia Nutritionals €'m	Total €'m	Glanbia Performance Nutrition 'm	Glanbia Nutritionals €'m	Total €'m
North America Performance Nutrition	197.1	-	197.1	235.1	-	235.1
North America Lifestyle	186.8	-	186.8	179.2	-	179.2
International	111.0	-	111.0	166.1	-	166.1
Direct-to-Consumer	37.5	-	37.5	39.7	-	39.7
Nutritional Solutions	-	387.9	387.9	-	369.6	369.6
US Cheese	-	916.4	916.4	-	768.7	768.7
Total	532.4	1,304.3	1,836.7	620.1	1,138.3	1,758.4

		Half year 2020			Half year 2019
	Glanbia Performance Nutrition €'m	Glanbia Nutritionals €'m	Total €'m	Glanbia Performance Nutrition 'm	Glanbia Nutritionals €'m	Total €'m
North America
US	382.1	1,134.2	1,516.3	409.7	982.5	1,392.2
Canada	7.4	29.1	36.5	8.1	25.2	33.3
Rest of America	0.4	-	0.4	-	-	-
Europe
Ireland (country of domicile)	1.4	1.2	2.6	1.3	1.1	2.4
UK	38.2	8.1	46.3	45.5	8.3	53.8
Netherlands	25.5	13.7	39.2	28.9	15.2	44.1
Germany	5.5	9.7	15.2	6.1	10.1	16.2
Other	32.2	14.9	47.1	44.7	16.3	61.0
Asia Pacific & LATAM
China	5.1	35.7	40.8	10.7	28.4	39.1
Australia	10.8	3.3	14.1	13.3	3.7	17.0
Japan	2.3	13.6	15.9	2.0	9.9	11.9
New Zealand	2.5	5.5	8.0	2.5	3.9	6.4
Other	15.5	32.6	48.1	42.9	31.7	74.6
Rest of World
Other	3.5	2.7	6.2	4.4	2.0	6.4
Total	532.4	1,304.3	1,836.7	620.1	1,138.3	1,758.4

Products transferred at point in time	532.4	1,304.3	1,836.7	620.1	1,138.3	1,758.4
Products transferred over time	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total	532.4	1,304.3	1,836.7	620.1	1,138.3	1,758.4

Glanbia Performance Nutrition	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Distributor	68.5	126.3
Food, Drug, Mass, Club (FDMC)	211.6	208.6
Online	180.0	162.4
Specialty	72.3	122.8
Total	532.4	620.1

The disaggregation of revenue by channel mix is most relevant for Glanbia Performance Nutrition.

5. Seasonality

Due to the seasonal nature of the retail segment into which the Glanbia Performance Nutrition (GPN) segment sells, higher revenues and operating profits are usually expected in the second half of the year than in the first six months. Glanbia Nutritionals revenues and operating profits, although impacted by dairy markets, are typically more evenly spread throughout the year. Refer to note 2 for considerations of Covid-19 on the interim financial statements.

6. Operating profit

			Half year 2020			Half year 2019
	Notes	Pre-exceptional €'m	Exceptional €'m (note 7)	Total €'m	Pre-exceptional €'m	Exceptional €'m (note 7)	Total €'m
Revenue	4	1,836.7	-	1,836.7	1,758.4	-	1,758.4
Cost of goods sold		(1,513.9)	-	(1,513.9)	(1,401.1)	(0.9)	(1,402.0)
Gross profit		322.8	-	322.8	357.3	(0.9)	356.4
Selling and distribution expenses		(161.1)	-	(161.1)	(169.0)	-	(169.0)
Administration expenses		(76.7)	(15.2)	(91.9)	(76.9)	(3.4)	(80.3)
Earnings before interest tax and amortisation (EBITA)	4	85.0	(15.2)	69.8	111.4	(4.3)	107.1
Intangible asset amortisation and impairment	13	(30.5)	-	(30.5)	(28.9)	-	(28.9)
Operating profit		54.5	(15.2)	39.3	82.5	(4.3)	78.2

7. Exceptional items

The nature of the total exceptional operating loss is as follows:

	Notes	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Reorganisation costs	(a)	15.2	3.2
Covid-19 costs	(b)	3.5	-
Legal settlement gain	(c)	(3.5)	-
Brexit related costs	(d)	-	1.1
Total exceptional charge before taxation		15.2	4.3
Share of results of equity accounted investees	(b)	1.2	-
Exceptional tax credit		(1.8)	(0.8)
Total exceptional charge		14.6	3.5

During the 2020 half year there were cash outflows of €5.3 million and €4.1 million in respect of exceptional charges recognised in FY2019 and FY2020 respectively. During the 2019 half year there were cash outflows of €2.8 million in respect of exceptional charges incurred prior to FY2019.

(a) Reorganisation costs - primarily relate to a fundamental reorganisation of the GPN segment which commenced in 2019. This global transformation project aims to realign operating and supply chain structures in support of individual businesses, sharpen focus on brands and optimise routes-to-market across non-US markets to drive greater efficiencies, improve margin and deliver top line growth. Costs incurred to date includes people and property related costs, professional consulting fees and costs associated with terminating and exiting certain contractual arrangements. Given the scale of this project, further costs are anticipated in the second half of the year and into 2021 with full completion of the project anticipated by early 2022.

(b) Covid-19 costs relate to the costs of dealing with this pandemic. They include the costs of implementing measures to protect people, incremental payments to front line workers during the height of the pandemic and other incidental labour related costs directly associated with the onset of this global pandemic. Refer to note 2 for considerations of Covid-19 on the interim financial statements.

(d) Prior year Brexit related costs were incurred in preparing the organisation for the departure of the United Kingdom from the European Union. Costs incurred include professional fees and increased storage and production costs as the Group sought to mitigate the potential risks related to Brexit during 2019. No further costs were incurred during the first half of FY2020.

8. Retirement benefit obligations

The Group operates a number of defined benefit pension plans.

Reconciliation of the amounts recognised on the condensed Group balance sheet to net defined benefit pension plan liability:

	4 July 2020 €'m	4 January 2020 €'m
Retirement benefit asset	2.9	2.1
Retirement benefit obligation	(28.1)	(48.4)
Net defined benefit pension plan liability	(25.2)	(46.3)

The net liability disclosed above all relates to funded plans.

The movement in the net defined benefit pension plan liability recognised in the condensed Group balance sheet is as follows:

	Notes	4 July 2020 €'m	4 January 2020 €'m
At the beginning of the period		(46.3)	(38.5)
Current service cost		(1.0)	(1.7)
Past service cost		-	1.2
Net interest cost		(0.3)	(0.7)
Total amount recognised in profit or loss		(1.3)	(1.2)
Remeasurements
- Return of plan assets in excess of interest income		18.8	11.3
- Actuarial loss arising from experience adjustments		(0.5)	(0.7)
- Actuarial loss arising from changes in demographic assumptions		-	(0.6)
- Actuarial loss arising from changes in financial assumptions		(3.6)	(24.6)
Total amount recognised in other comprehensive income	18.2	14.7	(14.6)
Exchange differences		0.9	(0.8)
Contributions paid/payable by employer		6.8	8.8
At the end of the period		(25.2)	(46.3)

The principal assumptions used for the purposes of the actuarial valuations were as follows:

	Half year 2020		Half year 2019		Year 2019
	ROI	UK	ROI	UK	ROI	UK
Discount rate	0.90%	1.50%	1.20%	2.20%	1.00%	1.85%
Inflation rate	0.70%-0.90%	1.90%-2.80%	1.00%-1.10%	2.20%-3.20%	1.10%-1.20%	2.05%-2.95%
Future salary increases*	1.90%	0.00%	2.10%	0.00%	2.20%	0.00%
Future pension increases	0.00%	2.00%-2.70%	0.00%	2.25%-2.95%	0.00%	2.15%-2.80%
Mortality rates (years)
- Male - reaching 65 years of age in 20 years' time	24.0	22.0	23.8	21.8	23.8	22.0
- Female - reaching 65 years of age in 20 years' time	26.1	24.2	25.9	24.1	25.9	24.2
- Male - currently aged 65 years old	21.7	21.0	21.4	20.7	21.4	20.9
- Female - currently aged 65 years old	24.1	23.0	23.9	22.9	23.9	22.9

*The ROI defined benefit pension plans are on a career average structure therefore this assumption does not have a material impact. The UK defined benefit pension plans comprise solely pensioners and deferred pensioners

9. Finance income and costs

	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Finance income
Interest income on loans at amortised cost to related parties	0.6	0.7
Interest income on deposits	1.4	2.3
Net interest income on cross currency swaps	0.7	0.2

Total finance income	2.7	3.2

Finance costs
Bank borrowing costs	(8.1)	(12.3)
Facility fees including cost amortisation	(1.0)	(0.6)
Finance cost of private placement debt	(3.6)	(3.6)
Interest expense on lease liabilities	(1.5)	-

Total finance costs	(14.2)	(16.5)

Net finance costs	(11.5)	(13.3)

10. Income taxes

The Group's income tax charge of €3.1 million (HY 2019: €8.4 million) net of an exceptional tax credit of €1.8 million (HY2019: €0.8 million) (note 7) has been prepared based on the Group's best estimate of the weighted average tax rate that is expected for the full financial year. The Group has taken the estimated impact of Covid-19 on the result for the period into consideration in determining the effective tax rate for the half year ended 4 July 2020.

11. Dividends

	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Equity dividends to shareholders
Final - 15.94c per ordinary share, paid on 24 April 2020 (FY 2019: 14.49c, paid on 26 April 2019)	47.2	42.9
Interim* - 10.68c per ordinary share, payable on 2 October 2020 (HY 2019: 10.68c, paid on 4 October 2019)	-	31.6

* These interim financial statements do not reflect interim dividends. There are no income tax consequences for the Company in respect of dividends proposed prior to issuance of the interim financial statements.

Of the €47.2 million dividends paid during the half year ended 4 July 2020, €0.1 million are waived in relation to own shares.

12. Earnings per share

Basic

Basic Earnings Per Share is calculated by dividing profit after tax attributable to the equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the period, excluding ordinary shares purchased by the Group and held as own shares. The weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue used in the calculation of Basic Earnings Per Share is 295,318,642 (HY 2019: 295,200,569).

Half year

2020

Half year

2019

Profit after tax attributable to equity holders of the Company (€'m)

55.3

83.3

Basic Earnings Per Share (cent)

18.73

28.22

Diluted

Diluted Earnings Per Share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue to assume conversion of all potential dilutive ordinary shares. Share options and share awards are the Company's only potential dilutive ordinary shares.

The share awards, which are performance based, are treated as contingently issuable shares, because their issue is contingent upon satisfaction of specified performance conditions, as well as the passage of time. Contingently issuable shares are included in the calculation of diluted Earnings Per Share to the extent that conditions governing exercisability have been satisfied, as if the end of the reporting period were the end of the vesting period.

	Half year 2020	Half year 2019
Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue	295,318,642	295,200,569
Shares deemed to be issued for no consideration in respect of:
- Share awards	233,838	244,602
- Share options	22,410	29,414
Weighted average number of shares used in the calculation of diluted Earnings Per Share	295,574,890	295,474,585
Diluted Earnings Per Share (cent)	18.71	28.19

13. Property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and capital commitments

Property, plant and equipment

During the six month period to 4 July 2020, the Group spent €15.6 million (HY 2019: €19.3 million) on additions, of which, €12.2 million (HY 2019: €15.2 million) was spent on plant and equipment. In addition, there was an increase of nil (HY 2019: €17.4 million) of property, plant and equipment arising from business combinations during the period. Exchange differences loss of €3.6 million (HY 2019: €2.7 million gain) and depreciation charges of €23.8 million (HY 2019: €23.4 million) were also recognised in the period.

Intangible assets

During the six month period to 4 July 2020, the Group spent €13.0 million (HY 2019: €17.0 million) in relation to software and development costs. In addition, there was an increase of nil (HY 2019: €36.1 million) of intangible assets arising from business combinations during the period. Exchange differences loss of €8.9 million (HY 2019: €8.7 million gain) and amortisation charges of €30.5 million (HY 2019: €28.9 million) were also recognised in the period.

Cash generating units (CGUs)

During the current period, the fundamental reorganisation of the GPN segment, which commenced in 2019, continues to progress. This global transformation project aims to realign operating and supply chain structures in support of individual businesses, sharpen focus on brands and optimise routes-to-market across non-US markets to drive greater efficiencies, improve margin and deliver top line growth. Consequently, this project led to the formation of distinct lines of business within the GPN segment, including (i) North America Performance Nutrition (ii) North America Lifestyle (iii) International and (iv) Direct-to-Consumer businesses. To date, each of these businesses with the exception of North America Lifestyle represents a stand-alone CGU within the GPN business unit, as cash flows across geographies and markets are largely interdependent, and the structure mirrors how management now monitor operations. Work is ongoing within the North America Lifestyle line of business, which will in time combine into a single CGU, but at half year, will continue to be represented as three CGUs (SlimFast North America, think! and Amazing Grass), whilst the full reorganisation efforts continue.

In the Glanbia Nutritionals (GN) segment, a number of changes underpinned the interdependency of the cash inflows of the previously separately identifiable CGUs (other than US Cheese) into a single CGU. The changes include the integration of the Watson acquisition within Nutritional Solutions, a reorganisation of the incentive structure of the sales team, and re-deployment of assets across different product lines and regions to optimise supply chain structure. The changes in CGUs are consistent with how management now monitor operations.

As a result of the changes in CGUs, the CGUs to which significant amounts of goodwill and indefinite life intangibles have been allocated as at 4 July 2020 are set out below:

	Goodwill €'m	Indefinite life intangibles €'m
North America Performance Nutrition	154.3	109.3
North America Lifestyle
- SlimFast North America	111.8	-
- think!	82.9	-
- Amazing Grass	37.9	-
International	33.4	-
Direct-to-Consumer	28.5	-
Nutritional Solutions	116.3	-
Other CGUs without individually significant goodwill	5.4	-
	570.5	109.3

Refer to note 2 for a description of the impairment testing of goodwill and indefinite life intangibles that was performed at the reporting date.

Capital commitments

At 4 July 2020 the Group had entered into contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment amounting to €4.9 million (FY 2019: €8.3 million) and software of €0.6 million (FY 2019: nil).

As at 4 July 2020, the Group has committed to invest €10.0 million (FY2019: €10.0 million) cash contributions in Glanbia Cheese EU Limited. The Group has also committed to invest $7.5 million (FY2019: $7.5 million) in MWC-Southwest Holdings LLC in 2020.

14. Borrowings

	4 July 2020 €'m	4 January 2020 €'m
Non-current
Bank borrowings	594.2	374.3
Private placement debt	-	139.9
	594.2	514.2

Current
Private placement debt	139.0	-
Bank borrowings	5.3	264.8
Bank overdrafts	59.7	104.3
	204.0	369.1
Total borrowings	798.2	883.3

The maturity profile of borrowings, and undrawn committed and uncommitted facilities is as follows:

			4 July 2020		4 January 2020
	Loans and borrowings €'m	Undrawn committed facilities €'m		Undrawn uncommitted facilities €'m		Loans and borrowings €'m	Undrawn committed facilities €'m	Undrawn uncommitted facilities €'m
12 months or less	204.0	-		15.3		369.1	53.8	12.4
Between 1 and 2 years	311.5	1.2		-		139.9	-	-
Between 2 and 5 years	282.7	389.7		-		374.3	299.6	-
	798.2	390.9		15.3		883.3	353.4	12.4

Net debt is a non-IFRS measure which we provide to investors as we believe they find it useful. Net debt comprises the following:

	4 July 2020 €'m	29 June 2019 €'m
Bank borrowings and private placement debt	738.5	877.4
Cash and cash equivalents net of bank overdrafts	(87.6)	(99.8)
	650.9	777.6

Net debt reconciliation is as follows:

	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Net debt at the beginning of the period	614.3	576.7
Repayment of borrowings	(664.4)	(1,090.9)
Drawdown of borrowings	622.7	1,208.0
Debt acquired on acquisition	-	6.4
Exchange translation adjustment on net debt	2.8	(0.2)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	75.5	73.4
Cash and cash equivalents acquired on acquisition	-	4.2
Net debt at the end of the period	650.9	777.6

15. Fair value of financial instruments

There have been no changes to the risk management procedures or policies since 4 January 2020 other than any measures taken in light of Covid-19 as disclosed in note 2. Refer to note 29 of the 2019 Annual Report for further details on these risk management procedures and policies.

Except as detailed in the following table the Group deemed that the carrying amounts of financial instruments measured at amortised cost in the interim financial statements approximate their fair value due to their short term nature:

	4 July 2020		4 January 2020
	Carrying amount €'m	Fair value €'m	Carrying amount €'m	Fair value €'m
Non-current borrowings	(594.2)	(607.1)	(514.2)	(523.6)
Non-current loans to equity accounted investees	28.8	28.8	28.8	28.8
Non-current financial asset measured at amortised cost	0.4	0.4	0.7	0.7

Fair value is estimated by discounting future contractual cash flows using current market interest rates from observable interest rates at the end of the reporting period that are available to the Group for similar financial instruments (classified as level 2 in the fair value hierarchy).

The following table presents the Group's financial instruments measured at fair value:

	Fair value hierarchy	4 July 2020 €'m	4 January 2020 €'m
Assets
Cross currency swaps - fair value through income statement	Level 2	-	0.3
Commodity options - cash flow hedges	Level 2	0.4	-
Equity instrument designated at FVOCI - The BDO Development Capital Fund	Level 2	2.4	2.1

Liabilities
Cross currency swaps - fair value through income statement	Level 2	(0.6)	-
Foreign exchange contracts - cash flow hedges	Level 2	(0.3)	(0.4)
Interest rate swaps - cash flow hedges	Level 2	(2.3)	(2.0)

There has been no changes to the valuation methodology of the above financial assets and liabilities since 4 January 2020. Refer to note 29 of the 2019 Annual Report for details of the valuation process.

16. Provisions

	Restructuring €'m	Property and lease commitments €'m	Operational 'm	Total €'m
At 4 January 2020	0.9	2.1	0.6	3.6
Amount provided for in the period	2.3	3.4	-	5.7
Utilised in the period	(0.7)	(0.1)	-	(0.8)
Exchange differences	-	(0.1)	-	(0.1)

At 4 July 2020	2.5	5.3	0.6	8.4

Non-current	-	3.3	-	3.3
Current	2.5	2.0	0.6	5.1

	2.5	5.3	0.6	8.4

17. Share capital and share premium

Number of

(thousands)

Ordinary

€'m

premium

€'m

Total

€'m

At 29 December 2018, 29 June 2019, 4 January 2020 and 4 July 2020

296,046

17.8

87.6

105.4

The total authorised number of ordinary shares is 350 million shares (HY 2019 and FY 2019: 350 million shares) with a par value of €0.06 per share (HY 2019 and FY 2019: €0.06 per share). All issued shares are fully paid, carry one vote per share and a right to dividends.

18. Other reserves and retained earnings

18.1 Other reserves

Half year 2020	Capital reserve €'m	Merger reserve €'m	Currency reserve €'m	Hedging reserve €'m	FVOCI reserve €'m	Own shares €'m	Share based payment reserve €'m	Total €'m
Balance at 5 January 2020	2.8	113.1	170.7	(13.0)	(0.2)	(14.0)	9.7	269.1
Currency translation differences	-	-	(24.1)	-	-	-	-	(24.1)
Net investment hedge	-	-	0.6	-	-	-	-	0.6
Revaluation - gross	-	-	-	(13.4)	0.2	-	-	(13.2)
Reclassification to profit or loss - gross	-	-	-	(0.1)	-	-	-	(0.1)
Deferred tax	-	-	-	3.4	-	-	-	3.4
Net change in OCI	-	-	(23.5)	(10.1)	0.2	-	-	(33.4)
Purchase of own shares	-	-	-	-	-	(0.9)	-	(0.9)
Cost of share based payments	-	-	-	-	-	-	3.9	3.9
Transfer on exercise, vesting or expiry of Share-based payments	-	-	-	-	-	3.5	(4.5)	(1.0)
Balance at 4 July 2020	2.8	113.1	147.2	(23.1)	-	(11.4)	9.1	237.7

Half year 2019	Capital reserve €'m	Merger reserve €'m	Currency reserve €'m	Hedging reserve €'m	FVOCI reserve €'m	Own shares €'m	Share based payment reserve €'m	Total €'m
Balance at 30 December 2018	2.8	113.1	126.4	(1.0)	(0.1)	(14.4)	14.1	240.9
Currency translation differences	-	-	9.7	-	-	-	-	9.7
Net investment hedge	-	-	(0.6)	-	-	-	-	(0.6)
Revaluation - gross	-	-	-	(14.4)	(0.2)	-	-	(14.6)
Reclassification to profit or loss - gross	-	-	-	0.6	-	-	-	0.6
Deferred tax	-	-	-	3.0	0.1	-	-	3.1
Net change in OCI	-	-	9.1	(10.8)	(0.1)	-	-	(1.8)
Purchase of own shares	-	-	-	-	-	(7.6)	-	(7.6)
Cost of share based payments	-	-	-	-	-	-	4.5	4.5
Transfer on exercise, vesting or expiry of Share-based payments	-	-	-	-	-	8.0	(9.0)	(1.0)
Balance at 29 June 2019	2.8	113.1	135.5	(11.8)	(0.2)	(14.0)	9.6	235.0

Refer to note 23 of the 2019 Annual Report for a description of the components of other reserves.

18.2 Retained earnings

	Notes	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
At the beginning of the period		1,327.4	1,242.8
Effect of adoption of IFRS 16		(13.9)	-
At the beginning of the period, after the effect of adoption of IFRS 16		1,313.5	1,242.8
Profit for the period		55.3	83.3
Other comprehensive income
- Remeasurement on defined benefit plans	8	14.7	(3.1)
- Deferred tax on remeasurements on defined benefit plans		(2.5)	0.4
- Share of remeasurements on defined benefit plans from equity accounted investees, net of deferred tax		4.9	(3.7)
Net change in OCI		17.1	(6.4)
Dividends		(47.1)	(42.9)
Transfer on exercise, vesting or expiry of share based payments	18.1	1.0	1.0
Deferred tax on share-based payments		0.5	0.4
		1,340.3	1,278.2

19. Related party transactions

Transactions with Glanbia Co-operative Society Limited

As described in note 1, the Society controlled the Group and was the ultimate parent of the Group until 30 June 2020. Thereafter the Society no longer controlled the Group, and the Company became the ultimate parent company of the Group.

During the period, dividends of €14.9 million (HY 2019: €13.5 million) were paid to the Society and its wholly-owned subsidiaries based on their shareholding in Glanbia plc.

Transactions with other related parties

During the six months ended 4 July 2020, sales to joint ventures amounted to €22.3 million (HY 2019: €21.4 million), purchases from joint ventures amounted to €549.3 million (HY 2019: €456.9 million). During the period the Group received a dividend of €12.6 million (HY 2019: €11.6 million) from Glanbia Ireland DAC and a dividend of €5.3 million (HY 2019: €4.5 million) from Glanbia Cheese Limited.

20. Sale of certain trade receivables

At period end, the Group derecognised $48.2 million of certain trade receivables, through the use of a limited receivables sale programme. This programme was entered into to partially mitigate but not fully offset an increase in credit terms relating to these trade receivables during the period.

Under this programme, the Group has the option to sell certain trade receivable invoices to a third party financial institution. This third party may accept this offer for sale by way of a non-recourse payment to the Group (for face value of the receivables net of transaction fees), upon which the Group no longer retains any risks and rewards in the receivables sold, resulting in the derecognition of these receivables from the condensed Group balance sheet. The proceeds from these sales of receivables are included in cash from operating activities in the condensed Group statement of cash flows.

21. Cash generated from operating activities

	Notes	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Profit after tax		55.3	83.3
Income taxes	10	3.1	8.4
Net write down of inventories (pre-exceptional)		3.5	4.7
Net movement in allowance for impairment of receivables		1.2	(0.2)
Non-cash element of exceptional charge before taxation		12.3	1.5
Share of results of equity accounted investees		(31.8)	(26.8)
Depreciation of tangible assets	13	23.8	23.4
Amortisation of intangible assets	13	30.5	28.9
Depreciation of right-of-use assets	22	9.4	-
Cost of share based payments	18.1	3.9	4.5
Finance income	9	(2.7)	(3.2)
Finance costs	9	14.2	16.5
Other		(4.3)	(4.3)
Cash generated before changes in working capital		118.4	136.7
Changes in net working capital		(73.4)	(113.3)

Cash generated from operating activities		45.0	23.4

22. Leasing

The movement in the Group's right-of-use assets during the period is as follows:

	Land and Buildings €'m	Plant and equipment €'m	Motor Vehicles 'm	Total €'m
Period ended 4 July 2020
Effect of adopting IFRS 16	97.9	5.2	3.3	106.4
Additions	10.3	0.1	0.9	11.3
Remeasurement of lease liabilities	(3.4)	(0.1)	-	(3.5)
Termination of leases	(0.9)	-	(0.2)	(1.1)
Depreciation charge	(7.2)	(1.4)	(0.8)	(9.4)
Exchange differences	(0.7)	-	-	(0.7)

Closing carrying amount	96.0	3.8	3.2	103.0

At 4 July 2020
Cost	103.1	5.2	4.0	112.3
Accumulated depreciation	(7.1)	(1.4)	(0.8)	(9.3)

	96.0	3.8	3.2	103.0

The following expenses have been charged to the condensed Group income statement:

Half year

2020

€'m

Expense relating to short-term leases

1.3

Expense relating to variable lease payments not included in lease liabilities

0.3

Total cash outflow for lease payments during the period

13.4

There is no income from subleasing and gains/losses on sale and leaseback transactions. Lease commitments for short-term leases are similar to the portfolio of short-term leases for which the costs were expensed to the condensed Group income statement.

The table below shows a maturity analysis of the lease liabilities arising from the Group's leasing activities:

			Half year 2020 €'m
Undiscounted lease liabilities
Within one year			20.1
Between one and two years			17.6
Between two and five years			40.3
More than five years			59.9
			137.9
Less impact of discounting			(12.8)

Total			125.1

Certain building leases contain extension options exercisable by the Group. As at 4 July 2020, undiscounted potential future lease payments of €95.3 million have not been included in lease liabilities because it is not reasonably certain that the extension options, which relate primarily to periods more than five years from the reporting date, will be availed of. The undiscounted future lease payments relating to leases that have not yet commenced to which the Group is committed as at 4 July 2020 are €2.5 million which are payable within five years. The effect of excluding future cash outflows arising from variable lease payments, termination options, and residual value guarantees from lease liabilities is not material for the Group.

23. Contingent liabilities

Group bank guarantees amounting to €4.7 million are outstanding at 4 July 2020 (HY 2019: €3.6 million). The Group does not expect any material loss to arise from these guarantees.

The Group has contingent liabilities in respect of legal claims arising in the ordinary course of business. It is not anticipated that any material liability will arise from these contingent liabilities.

24. Business combinations

Acquisitions in 2019

On 28 February 2019, the Group acquired 100% of the equity of Watson LLC and Polymer Films LLC (collectively known as 'Watson'). Refer to note 34 of the 2019 Annual Report for information relating to this acquisition.

25. Events after the reporting period

See note 11 for the interim dividend, recommended by the Directors, to be paid on 2 October 2020. Subsequent to the period end, the Group closed on an additional $175.0 million of Senior Promissory Notes with a coupon of 2.75%, which will be drawn down on 15 December 2020 and will mature on 15 December 2031, and thereby further increasing the duration to maturity of available debt facilities.

After the period end, Glanbia has entered into an agreement to acquire Foodarom, a Canadian Flavours business with CAD 34 million annual revenue, for a purchase price of CAD 60 million plus contingent consideration. Foodarom has a strong flavour formulation capability and is focused on segments complementary to Nutritional Solutions. With manufacturing and applications facilities in Canada, the US and Europe this acquisition is on-strategy, is scalable and will enable the further development of flavour solutions to Nutritional Solutions customers. The transaction is expected to complete in H2 2020, subject to customary closing conditions, and is expected to be earnings accretive from 2021.

Other than as described above there have been no material events subsequent to the end of the interim period ended 4 July 2020 which require disclosure in this report.

26. Information

Copies of this half yearly financial report are available for download from the Group's website at www.glanbia.com.

glossary

Key peRformance indicators and non-ifrs performance measures

Non-IFRS performance measures

The Group reports certain performance measures that are not defined under IFRS but which represent additional measures used by the Board of Directors and the Glanbia Operating Executive in assessing performance and for reporting both internally and to shareholders and other external users. The Group believes that the presentation of these non-IFRS performance measures provides useful supplemental information which, when viewed in conjunction with our IFRS financial information, provides readers with a more meaningful understanding of the underlying financial and operating performance of the Group.

None of these non-IFRS performance measures should be considered as an alternative to financial measures drawn up in accordance with IFRS.

The principal non-IFRS performance measures used by the Group are:

	Relevant for Half year 2020	Relevant for Year 2019	Glossary reference
Constant currency	√	√	G 1
Total Group	√	√	G 2
Revenue	√	√	G 3
EBITA	√	√	G 4
EBITA margin %	√	√	G 5
EBITDA	√	√	G 6
Constant Currency Basic and Adjusted Earnings Per Share (EPS)	√	√	G 7
Financing Key Performance Indicators	√	√	G 8
Exceptional items	√	√	G 9
Volume and pricing increase/(decrease)	√	√	G 10
Like-for-like revenue increase/(decrease)	√	√	G 11
Effective tax rate	√	√	G 12
Average interest rate	√	√	G 13
Operating cash flow and free cash flow	√	√	G 14
Operating cash conversion	√	√	G 15
Compound annual growth rate (CAGR)	√	√	G 16
Dividend payout ratio	√	√	G 17
Total shareholder return (TSR)		√
Return on capital employed (ROCE)		√
Innovation rate		√

The principal non-IFRS performance measures relevant to the interim period are defined below with a reconciliation of these measures to IFRS measures where applicable.

Total shareholder return and return on capital employed are not considered relevant by the Group for the interim period as they are performance measures considered on an annual basis only as part of the performance conditions in Glanbia's Long-term Incentive Plan. Innovation rate represents net revenue from products launched in the previous three years. This is no longer a performance condition in Glanbia's Annual Incentive Plan and therefore reference to this definition within the glossary is discontinued.

G 1. Constant Currency

While the Group reports its results in Euro, it generates a significant proportion of its earnings in currencies other than Euro, in particular US Dollar. Constant currency reporting is used by the Group to eliminate the translational effect of foreign exchange on the Group's results. To arrive at the constant currency period-on-period change, the results for the prior period are retranslated using the average exchange rates for the current period and compared to the current period reported numbers.

The principal average exchange rates used to translate results as at the reporting dates are set out below:

Euro 1 =

Half year

2020

Half year

2019

Year

2019

US Dollar

1.1019

1.1297

1.1196

Pound Sterling

0.8754

0.8739

0.8772

All non-IFRS performance measures have been presented on a constant currency basis, where relevant, within this glossary.

G 2. Total Group

The Group has a number of strategically important Equity accounted investees (Joint Ventures) which when combined with the Group's wholly-owned businesses give an important indication of the scale and reach of the Group's operations. Total Group is used to describe certain financial metrics such as Revenue and EBITA when they include both the wholly-owned businesses and the Group's share of equity accounted investees.

G 3. Revenue

Revenue comprises sales of goods and services of the wholly-owned businesses to external customers net of value added tax, rebates and discounts. Revenue is one of the Group's Key Performance Indicators and is an IFRS performance measure.

G 3.1 Total Group revenue

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 Reported €'m	Half year 2019 Retranslated €'m	Constant currency growth %
North America Performance Nutrition - Branded		181.9	200.1	205.2	(11.4%)
North America Performance Nutrition - Contract		15.2	35.0	35.8	(57.5%)
North America Performance Nutrition		197.1	235.1	241.0	(18.2%)
North America Lifestyle		186.8	179.2	183.8	1.6%
International		111.0	166.1	166.2	(33.2%)
Direct-to-Consumer		37.5	39.7	39.6	(5.3%)
Glanbia Performance Nutrition	Note 4	532.4	620.1	630.6	(15.6%)
Nutritional Solutions		387.9	369.6	376.9	2.9%
US Cheese		916.4	768.7	788.1	16.3%
Glanbia Nutritionals	Note 4	1,304.3	1,138.3	1,165.0	12.0%

Wholly-owned		1,836.7	1,758.4	1,795.6	2.3%
Equity accounted investees*		453.6	460.0	459.9	(1.4%)

Total Group revenue		2,290.3	2,218.4	2,255.5	1.5%

* Equity accounted investees are post an IFRS 15 consolidation adjustment which primarily relates to the gross up of Southwest Cheese revenue due to the transition to IFRS 15 in 2019.

G 4. EBITA

EBITA is defined as earnings before interest, tax and amortisation. EBITA references throughout the half year results are on a pre-exceptional basis unless otherwise indicated. EBITA is one of the Group's Key Performance Indicators. Business Segment EBITA growth on a constant currency basis is one of the performance conditions in Glanbia's Annual Incentive Plan for Executive Directors with Business Unit responsibility. Refer to note 6 of the interim financial statements for the reconciliation of wholly-owned EBITA.

G 4.1 Total Group EBITA

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 Reported €'m	Half year 2019 Retranslated €'m	Constant currency growth %
Glanbia Performance Nutrition	Note 4	19.6	46.9	47.9	(59.1%)
Nutritional Solutions		48.1	50.5	51.6	(6.8%)
US Cheese		17.3	14.0	14.4	20.1%
Glanbia Nutritionals	Note 4	65.4	64.5	66.0	(0.9%)
Wholly-owned		85.0	111.4	113.9	(25.4%)
Equity accounted investees	G 4.2	45.0	41.0	41.4	8.7%

Total Group EBITA		130.0	152.4	155.3	(16.3%)

G 4.2 Reconciliation of the Group's share of equity accounted investees EBITA to the share of results of equity accounted investees on a constant currency basis is as follows:

	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
EBITA of equity accounted investees	45.0	41.0
Adjustment in respect of unrealised profit on sales to the Group	0.6	(0.5)
Amortisation	(1.0)	(1.1)
Finance costs	(4.8)	(5.2)
Income tax	(8.0)	(7.4)
Share of results of equity accounted investees	0.2	0.2
Non-controlling interest	(0.2)	(0.2)

Share of results of equity accounted investees per the Condensed Group income statement (pre-exceptional)	31.8	26.8
Impact of retranslating half year 2019	-	0.3

Share of results of equity accounted investees on a constant currency basis (pre-exceptional)	31.8	27.1
Constant currency change		17.3%

G 5. EBITA margin %

EBITA margin % is defined as EBITA as a percentage of revenue. Total Group EBITA margin % is defined as Total Group EBITA as a percentage of Total Group revenue. Refer to G3.1 and G4.1 for reconciliations of Total Group revenue and Total Group EBITA respectively. EBITA references throughout the half year results are on a pre-exceptional basis unless otherwise indicated.

G 6. EBITDA

EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, tax, depreciation (net of grant amortisation) and amortisation. EBITDA references throughout the half year results are on a pre-exceptional basis unless otherwise indicated.

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Earnings before interest, tax and amortisation (pre-exceptional EBITA)	G 4.1	85.0	111.4
Depreciation*	Note 21	33.2	23.4
Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (pre-exceptional EBITDA)		118.2	134.8

*Depreciation - Includes depreciation of tangible assets of €23.8 million (HY 2019: €23.4 million) and depreciation of right-of-use assets of €9.4 million (HY 2019: Nil).

G 7. Constant Currency Basic and Adjusted Earnings Per Share (EPS)

G 7.1 Constant Currency Basic Earnings Per Share (EPS)

Basic Earnings Per Share is calculated by dividing the net profit attributable to the equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the period, excluding ordinary shares purchased by the Group and held as own shares.

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 Reported €'m	Half year 2019 Retranslated €'m	Year 2019 Reported €'m
Profit attributable to equity holders of the Company	Condensed Group income statement	55.3	83.3	85.1	180.2
Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue (thousands)	Note 12	295,319	295,201	295,201	295,215

Basic Earnings Per Share (Cent)		18.73	28.22	28.83	61.04

Constant currency change		(35.0%)

G 7.2 Constant Currency Adjusted Earnings Per Share (EPS)

Adjusted EPS is defined as the net profit attributable to the equity holders of Glanbia plc, before exceptional items and intangible asset amortisation and impairment (excluding software amortisation), net of related tax, divided by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the period. The Group believes that adjusted EPS is a better measure of underlying performance than Basic EPS as it excludes exceptional items (net of related tax) that are not related to ongoing operational performance and intangible asset amortisation, which allows better comparability of companies that grow by acquisition to those that grow organically.

Adjusted EPS is one of the Group's Key Performance Indicators. Adjusted EPS growth on a constant currency basis is one of the performance conditions in Glanbia's Annual Incentive Plan and in Glanbia's Long-term Incentive Plan.

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 Reported €'m	Half year 2019 Retranslated €'m	Year 2019 Reported €'m
Profit attributable to equity holders of the Company (pre-exceptional)	Condensed Group income statement	69.9	86.8	88.7	214.8
Amortisation and impairment of intangible assets (excluding software amortisation) net of related tax of €3.7 million (HY 2019: €3.9 million, 2019: €8.1 million)		21.8	21.5	22.0	45.3

Adjusted net income		91.7	108.3	110.7	260.1

Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue (thousands)	Note 12	295,319	295,201	295,201	295,215

Adjusted Earnings Per Share (cent)		31.05	36.69	37.50	88.10

Constant currency change		(17.2%)

G 8. Financing Key Performance Indicators

The following are the financing key performance indicators defined as per the Group's financing agreements.

G 8.1 Net debt: adjusted EBITDA

Net debt: adjusted EBITDA is calculated as net debt at the end of the period divided by adjusted EBITDA. Net debt is calculated as total financial liabilities less cash and cash equivalents. Adjusted EBITDA is calculated in accordance with lenders' facility agreements definition which adjust pre-exceptional EBITDA for items such as dividends received from equity accounted investees, acquisitions or disposals and to reverse the net impact on EBITDA as a result of adopting IFRS 16 'Leases'. Adjusted EBITDA is a rolling 12 month measure, therefore for half year 2020 and half year 2019 it is calculated as the Adjusted EBITDA for the preceding 12 months ending on the relevant reporting dates.

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m	Year 2019 €'m

Net debt	Note 14	650.9	777.6	614.3

Rolling EBITDA		308.3	317.9	324.9
Adjustments in line with lenders' facility agreements definition		25.2	45.1	35.0
Rolling Adjusted EBITDA		333.5	363.0	359.9

Net debt: adjusted EBITDA		1.95 times	2.14 times	1.71 times

G 8.2 Adjusted EBIT: Net finance cost

Adjusted EBIT: net finance cost is calculated as earnings before interest and tax adjusted for the IFRS 16 'Leases' impact on operating profit plus dividends received from equity accounted investees divided by net finance cost. Net finance cost comprises finance costs less finance income per the Condensed Group income statement plus capitalised borrowing costs and excludes Interest expense on lease liabilities. Adjusted EBIT and net finance cost are rolling 12 month measures, therefore for half year 2020 and half year 2019 are calculated as the Adjusted EBIT and net finance costs for the preceding 12 months.

	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m	Year 2019 €'m
Rolling operating profit (pre-exceptional)	185.4	219.3	215.9
Dividends received from equity accounted investees	37.1	32.3	35.3

Rolling Adjusted EBIT	222.5	251.6	251.2
Rolling net finance costs	23.6	23.9	27.0

Adjusted EBIT: net finance cost	9.4 times	10.5 times	9.3 times

G 9. Exceptional items

The Group considers that items of income or expense which are material by virtue of their scale and nature should be disclosed separately if the Group financial statements are to fairly present the financial performance and financial position of the Group. Determining which transactions are to be considered exceptional in nature is often a subjective matter. However, circumstances that the Group believes would give rise to exceptional items for separate disclosure are outlined in the accounting policy on exceptional items in note 2 to the financial statement in the 2019 financial statements. Exceptional items are included on the income statement line item to which they relate. In addition, for clarity, separate disclosure is made of all items in one column on the face of the Group income statement. Refer to note 7 for an analysis of exceptional items recognised in half year 2020.

G 10. Volume and pricing increase/(decrease)

Volume increase/(decrease) represents the impact of sales volumes within the revenue movement period-on-period, excluding volume from acquisitions, on a constant currency basis.

Pricing increase/(decrease) represents the impact of sales pricing (including trade spend) within revenue movement period-on-period, excluding acquisitions, on a constant currency basis.

G 10.1 Reconciliation of volume and pricing increase/(decrease) to constant currency revenue growth

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Volume increase/ (decrease)	Price increase/ (decrease)	Acquisitions/ disposals	Revenue increase/ (decrease)
Glanbia Performance Nutrition	G 3.1	(14.9%)	(0.7%)	-	(15.6%)
Nutritional Solutions	G 3.1	1.2%	(1.8%)	3.5%	2.9%
US Cheese	G 3.1	6.0%	10.3%	-	16.3%
Glanbia Nutritionals	G 3.1	4.5%	6.4%	1.1%	12.0%
Glanbia Performance Nutrition	G 3.1	(14.9%)	(0.7%)	-	(15.6%)
Half year 2020 (decrease)/increase % - wholly-owned operations	G 3.1	(2.3%)	3.9%	0.7%	2.3%

Half year 2020 increase % - Equity accounted investees	G 3.1	0.2%	(1.6%)	-	(1.4%)

G 11. Like-for-like revenue increase/(decrease)

G 11.1 Glanbia Performance Nutrition like-for-like branded revenue

This represents the sales increase/(decrease) period-on-period on branded sales, excluding acquisitions, on a constant currency basis. Like-for-like branded revenue increase/(decrease) is one of the Glanbia Performance Nutrition segment's Key Performance Indicators. Like-for-like branded revenue increase/(decrease) is one of the performance conditions in Glanbia's Annual Incentive Plan for Glanbia Performance Nutrition Senior Management.

G 11.2 Glanbia Nutritionals like-for-like revenue

This represents the sales increase/(decrease) period-on-period, excluding acquisitions, on a constant currency basis.

G 12. Effective tax rate

The effective tax rate is defined as the pre-exceptional income tax charge divided by the profit before tax less share of results of equity accounted investees.

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Profit before tax	Condensed Group income statement	74.8	96.0
Less share of results of equity accounted investees	Condensed Group income statement	(31.8)	(26.8)
		43.0	69.2
Income tax (pre-exceptional)	Condensed Group income statement	4.9	9.2

Effective tax rate		11.4%	13.3%

G 13. Average interest rate

The average interest rate is defined as the annualised net finance costs (pre-capitalised borrowing costs and excluding interest expense on lease liabilities) divided by the average net debt during the reporting period.

G 14. Operating cash flow and free cash flow

Operating cash flow is defined as pre-exceptional EBITDA of the wholly-owned businesses net of business sustaining capital expenditure and working capital movements, excluding exceptional cash flows.

Operating cash flow is one of the Group's Key Performance Indicators. Operating cash flow is one of the performance conditions in Glanbia's Annual Incentive Plan.

Free cash flow is calculated as the net cash flow in the period before the following items: strategic capital expenditure, equity dividends paid, loans/investment in equity accounted investees, exceptional costs paid, acquisition spend, proceeds received on disposals, and currency translation movements.

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (pre-exceptional EBITDA)	G 6	118.2	134.8
Movement in working capital (pre-exceptional)	G 14.2	(62.0)	(108.9)
Business sustaining capital expenditure	G 14.4	(9.0)	(7.0)
Operating cash flow	G 14.1	47.2	18.9
Net interest and tax paid	G 14.3	(9.1)	(45.4)
Dividends from equity accounted investees	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	17.9	16.1
IFRS 16 lease payments (net of interest)	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	(10.4)	-
Other outflows	G 14.5	(2.7)	(7.2)
Free cash flow		42.9	(17.6)
Strategic capital expenditure	G 14.4	(20.2)	(30.0)
Dividends paid	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	(47.1)	(42.9)
Loans/Investment in equity accounted investees	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	-	(37.6)
Exceptional costs paid	Note 7	(9.4)	(2.8)
Acquisitions	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	-	(59.6)
Net cash flow		(33.8)	(190.5)
Exchange translation/other adjustments	Note 14	(2.8)	0.2
Net debt acquired on acquisition	Note 14	-	(10.6)
Net debt movement		(36.6)	(200.9)
Opening net debt	Note 14	(614.3)	(576.7)
Closing net debt	Note 14	(650.9)	(777.6)

G 14.1 Reconciliation of operating cash flow to the Condensed Group statement of cash flows in the interim financial statements:

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Cash generated from operating activities	Note 21	45.0	23.4
Add back exceptional cash flow in the period	Note 7	9.4	2.8
Less business sustaining capital expenditure	G 14.4	(9.0)	(7.0)
Non-cash items not adjusted in computing operating cash flow:
Cost of share based payments	Note 21	(3.9)	(4.5)
Amounts payable to the Southwest/MWC Group joint venture partners		(0.1)	(0.7)
Other reconciling items		5.8	4.9
Operating cash flow	G 14	47.2	18.9

G 14.2 Movement in working capital:

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Movement in working capital (pre-exceptional)	G 14	(62.0)	(108.9)
Write-down of inventories	Note 21	(3.5)	(4.7)
Net movement in allowance for impairment of receivables	Note 21	(1.2)	0.2
Prior year exceptional items paid in the period	Note 7	(5.3)	-
Amounts payable to the Southwest/MWC Group joint venture partners		0.1	0.7
Other reconciling items		(1.5)	(0.6)
Change in net working capital	Note 21	(73.4)	(113.3)

G 14.3 Net interest and tax paid:

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Interest received	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	3.7	0.9
Interest paid (including leases)	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	(15.1)	(16.6)
Income tax received/(paid)	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	2.6	(29.3)
Interest paid in relation to property, plant and equipment	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	(0.3)	(0.4)

Net interest and tax paid		(9.1)	(45.4)

G 14.4 Capital expenditure

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Business sustaining capital expenditure	G 14	9.0	7.0
Strategic capital expenditure	G 14	20.2	30.0
Total capital expenditure		29.2	37.0

Capital expenditure reconciled to the Condensed Group statement of cash flows:
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	16.2	20.2
Purchase of intangible assets	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	13.0	16.8
Total capital expenditure per the Condensed Group statement of cash flows		29.2	37.0

Business sustaining capital expenditure

The Group defines business sustaining capital expenditure as the expenditure required to maintain/replace existing assets with a high proportion of expired useful life. This expenditure does not attract new customers or create the capacity for a bigger business. It enables the Group to keep running at current throughput rates but also keep pace with regulatory and environmental changes as well as complying with new requirements from existing customers.

Strategic capital expenditure

The Group defines strategic capital expenditure as the expenditure required to facilitate growth and generate additional returns for the Group. This is

generally expansionary expenditure beyond what is necessary to maintain the Group's current competitive position.

G 14.5 Other Outflows

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 €'m	Half year 2019 €'m
Cost of share based payments	Note 21	3.9	4.5
Proceeds from disposal/redemption from FVOCI financial assets	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	-	0.4
Payments for FVOCI financial assets	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	-	(0.3)
Purchase of own shares	Condensed Group statement of cash flows	(0.9)	(7.6)
Amounts payable to the Southwest/MWC Group joint venture partners		0.1	0.7
Other reconciling items		(5.8)	(4.9)
Total Other Outflows	G 14	(2.7)	(7.2)

G 15. Operating Cash Conversion

Operating cash conversion is defined as Operating Cash Flow (OCF) divided by pre-exceptional EBITDA. Cash conversion is a measure of the Group's ability to convert trading profits into cash and is an important metric in the Group's working capital management programme.

G 16. Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)

The compound annual growth rate is the annual growth rate over a period of years. It is calculated on the basis that each year's growth is compounded.

G 17. Dividend Payout Ratio

Dividend Payout Ratio is defined as the interim dividend per ordinary share divided by the Adjusted Earnings per Share at the end of the current reported period. The dividend payout ratio provides an indication of the value returned to shareholders relative to the Group's total earnings.

	Reference to the interim financial statements/glossary	Half year 2020 € cent	Half year 2019 € cent
Adjusted Earnings Per Share	G 7.2	31.05	36.69
Dividend recommended/paid per ordinary share		10.68	10.68
Dividend Payout %		34.4%	29.1%

This information is provided by RNS, the news service of the London Stock Exchange. RNS is approved by the Financial Conduct Authority to act as a Primary Information Provider in the United Kingdom. Terms and conditions relating to the use and distribution of this information may apply. For further information, please contact rns@lseg.com or visit www.rns.com.

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