Preliminary Results

Immediate Release 20 April 2009 Gulfsands Petroleum plc Preliminary Results for year to 31 December 2008 London, 20 April 2009: Gulfsands Petroleum plc ("Gulfsands", the "Group" or the "Company" - AIM: GPX), the oil and gas production, exploration and development company with activities in Syria, Iraq and the USA, announces its annual results for the twelve months ended 31 December 2008. HIGHLIGHTS Operations * Production commenced on Khurbet East field in Syria in July, 5 months after commercial approval was obtained * With only 5 months of production, Syria became Gulfsands' largest producing asset and averaged in excess of 5,000 bopd (net WI) during Q4 2008 with no significant water production or pressure depletion * Discovery of Yousefieh field in Block 26 in Syria * 2P working interest reserves in US Gulf of Mexico reduced by 3.8 mmboe to 5.1 mmboe : re-estimation of Syrian reserves still in progress * Group entitlement production of 0.4 mmbbl from Syria, 0.4 mmboe from US vs. 0.7 mmboe (all from US) in 2007 Corporate * Appointment of Ric Malcolm and Andrew Rose as CEO and CFO respectively * Group head office successfully relocated to London * Placing of 5.5 million new shares at 170p per share to raise $18.6 million Financial * Revenues up 44% to $53.6 million (2007: $37.3 million) * Gross Profit nearly doubled to $21.9 million (2007: $11.9 million) * Cash flow from Operating Activities more than tripled to $18.7 million (2007: $5.9 million) * Net Loss of $9.7 million (2007: loss of $1.2 million, restated) after impairment charges on US assets and exceptional administrative expenses * Available cash balances at year-end of $36.8 million Outlook * Expect commercial development approval for Yousefieh field by end of 2009 * 850 km² 3D seismic acquisition under way in Syria to provide 2010 exploration targets * Targeting year-end gross production on Khurbet East field of up to 16,000 bopd * Group capex for 2009 in the order of $40 million funded through operating cash flow * Proceeding with design and construction of permanent production facility, capacity 50,000 bfpd * Contract approaching signature for Maysan project in Iraq: actively engaged in discussions regarding financing and potential equity partners Commenting on the annual results, Ric Malcolm, CEO of Gulfsands, stated: "2008 marked the transformation of Gulfsands into a Middle East focused E&P company with the potential for rapid growth. Beyond bringing Khurbet East into production significantly ahead of schedule and making an additional commercial discovery in Syria, we have also restructured the Company's management and operational teams, strengthened the balance sheet and provided the platform to sustain our significant growth trajectory despite the challenges of the global recession. We believe that 2009 will deliver the fruits of the hard work carried out in 2008 and we are excited by Gulfsands' prospects for the year ahead." For more information please contact: Gulfsands Petroleum (London) +44 (0)20 7434 6060 Ric Malcolm, Chief Executive Officer Kenneth Judge, Director of Corporate Development +44 (0)7733 001 002 & Communications Buchanan Communications Limited (London) +44 (0)20 7466 5000 Bobby Morse Ben Romney RBC Capital Markets (London) +44 (0)20 7653 4804 Sarah Wharry ABOUT GULFSANDS: Gulfsands is listed on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange. Syria Gulfsands owns a 50% working interest and is operator of Block 26 in North East Syria. The Khurbet East oil field was discovered in June 2007 and commenced commercial production within 13 months of the discovery. This field is currently producing more than 11,000 barrels of oil per day through an early production facility. Block 26 covers approximately 8,250 square kilometres and encompasses existing fields which currently produce over 100,000 barrels of oil per day, and are operated mainly by the Syrian Petroleum Company. The current exploration licence expires in August 2010 and is extendable for a further two years. Gulfsands' working interest reserves in Syria at 31 December 2008 were 28.7 mmbbls. Iraq Gulfsands signed a Memorandum of Understanding in January 2005 with the Ministry of Oil in Iraq for the Maysan Gas Project in Southern Iraq, following completion of a feasibility study on the project, and is negotiating details of a definitive contract for this regionally important development. The project will gather, process and transmit natural gas that is currently a waste by-product of oil production and as a result of the present practice of gas flaring, contributes to significant environmental damage in the region. The Company is actively engaged in discussions with respect to financing and potential equity partners. Gulfsands has no reserves in Iraq. Gulf of Mexico, USA The Company owns interests in 44 blocks comprising approximately 138,000 gross acres offshore Texas and Louisiana, which include 30 producing oil and gas fields with proved and probable working interest reserves at 31 December 2008 of 5.1 mmboe. Certain statements included herein constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of applicable securities legislation. These forward-looking statements are based on certain assumptions made by Gulfsands and as such are not a guarantee of future performance. Actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements due to factors such as general economic and market conditions, increased costs of production or a decline in oil and gas prices. Gulfsands is under no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable laws. More information can be found on the Company's website www.gulfsands.com CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT Dear Shareholder, I am pleased to report on a year of significant achievement and change at Gulfsands. 2008 was characterised by two key developments in particular. The first has been the recruitment of a new Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, each of whom is now thoroughly settled in his new responsibilities in our recently established London head office. We are fortunate indeed to have secured the services of two such experienced individuals as Ric Malcolm and Andrew Rose. The second was the bringing into early commercial production of the Khurbet East field in Syria during the third quarter. To achieve commercial levels of production within little more than a year of completing the initial discovery well is an impressive achievement for any oil and gas company, and great credit is due in particular to Mahdi Sajjad and our team in Syria as well as to the Syrian Petroleum Company for the commitment and support they have given us. At the time of writing, gross production from Khurbet East is around 11,000 barrels of oil per day ("bopd"), which we intend to increase to up to 16,000 bopd by the year-end, as an interim step towards full commercial development of the Khurbet East and Yousefieh fields in late 2010. Strong Financial Position Against a backdrop of extraordinarily fraught global financial and economic circumstances, Gulfsands' financial strength is one of its principal attributes. At year end we had free cash balances of approximately $37 million and no borrowings. That position remains essentially unchanged at the time of writing. Even in the recent environment of much reduced oil prices, our Syrian operations remain comfortably cash generative. In light of the continuing economic uncertainties, your Board feels it is important to focus in particular on the Group's ability to cope with "downside" scenarios. In this regard, it should be a comfort to shareholders that we could absorb still further significant oil price reductions and remain able to meet all our operating and corporate overheads, including the costs of developing our Khurbet East and Yousefieh fields, without recourse to additional external funding. Restatement of Prior Year Accounts and Exceptional Charges As part of a thorough review undertaken by the new Chief Financial Officer, the Board has decided that it is appropriate to restate the 2006 and 2007 Financial Statements to reflect what we now consider to have been erroneous under-recording of estimated decommissioning liabilities and depreciation associated with the Group's Gulf of Mexico assets. Additionally, the 2008 Income Statement reflects significant charges for compensation-related expenses. These charges are a consequence in part of severance costs and option grants related to the changes in senior management which took place during 2008, and in part of the re-grant of certain options which were unable to be exercised before their expiry at the end of 2007 due to restrictions on Directors' ability to deal in the Company's shares for the last several months of that year. Finally, the 2008 Income Statement reflects a charge for loss on currency translation, brought about by the very sudden movement in the US Dollar / Sterling exchange rate in the latter part of 2008. As the Company now has significant Sterling-denominated overheads by virtue of migrating its central management function to London, it is appropriate to maintain significant sterling balances and the loss on translation does not represent a cash outflow. All these matters are dealt with in detail elsewhere in the Annual Report. My reason in drawing attention to them is merely to emphasise that, notwithstanding the rather severe impact on bottom line reported earnings, they have no impact on the Group's cash position or ability to generate positive cash flow and are entirely historic in their nature. Syria In the course of 2008 Gulfsands made a further significant discovery in Block 26 in the form of the Yousefieh field. This discovery, together with the adjacent Khurbet East field, is the subject of an aggressive appraisal and development campaign intended to define more precisely the oil-bearing characteristics of the two fields and to bring them both into full commercial development as early as possible. This remains our single highest priority. Only slightly behind the development of the Khurbet East and Yousefieh fields as a priority, and on a parallel track, we are proceeding apace to evaluate and exploit the remaining exploration opportunities within Block 26. A major programme of 3D seismic acquisition is well under way. We continue to believe, based on all the evidence at our disposal, that the remaining potential of our block is tremendous. It is an old adage that success breeds success. As a result of what the Group has been able to achieve to date in Block 26, and the political capital and credibility thereby accumulated, we are now in an excellent position to pursue further opportunities in Syria. In this regard, the timing of the current tentative rapprochement between Syria and the United States is propitious. We are determined to pursue the openings thereby presented to the full. Iraq Political circumstances in Iraq, although far from perfect, are more favourable to beginning to establish long term commercial operations than has been the case at any time since the invasion in 2003. We have in recent months made significant progress in negotiations for the Maysan gas project. We are also involved in a number of discussions on other opportunities in Iraq which are of very considerable long term potential. Your Board is cautiously optimistic that in the near future we will be in a position to announce positive developments bringing with them the prospect of handsome ultimate reward for the time and effort we have expended in Iraq over the past five years. At the same time we remain conscious of the considerable uncertainties that continue to overhang that country's future. We will only sign up to commitments which we are convinced are soundly based, within the Group's financial compass and which do not jeopardise the Group's ability to maximise the opportunities for value creation represented by our existing successful Syrian operations. Gulf of Mexico The Group's Gulf of Mexico assets have played a key role in getting us to the position we now enjoy. Without the cash generated by these assets over the past few years we would not have been able to have achieved our exploration and development success in Syria. The diminution in the continuing strategic importance of these assets to Gulfsands has coincided fortuitously with the recent drop in oil and gas prices and the global credit crisis, which factors have severely impacted both the operating profitability of our Gulf of Mexico business (particularly gas production) and the market for such assets. In addition, the severity of the hurricane season in 2008 once again shut in much of the Company's production for the second half of the year. Accordingly, our Gulf of Mexico business made a loss for the year. Your Board takes an entirely pragmatic view of these assets. They are clearly no longer strategic to the Group. They are also unlikely for the foreseeable future, absent a meaningful strengthening in gas prices, to make much in the way of a positive contribution to profits and cash flow. At the same time, Gulfsands is under absolutely no pressure to sell these assets and this would be a bad time to try to do so. The assets continue to hold potential for the future. Accordingly, we will continue to selectively invest in them to the extent we deem appropriate, and to wait until market conditions for transactions in assets of this kind revert to some sort of normality. Outlook My fellow Directors and I are highly enthusiastic about the Group's prospects for 2009 and beyond. While we would certainly welcome a recovery in oil and gas prices, we are well positioned not only to survive but indeed to flourish in the absence of such a recovery for the foreseeable future. I look forward to reporting significant further progress in a year's time. Yours sincerely, Andrew West Chairman CHIEF EXECUTIVE'S REPORT 2008 was a transformational year for Gulfsands which has provided the platform for sustaining the future growth of the Group. Since coming on board as Chief Executive Officer in October 2008, I have seen oil production from the Khurbet East field exceed our expectations by averaging over 10,000 barrels of oil per day, as well as the discovery of the Yousefieh oil field, which is located just three kilometres from the Khurbet East early production facility. I joined Gulfsands, after almost ten years of service with OMV, for three primary reasons. Firstly, the Group has a strong balance sheet with no debt and is highly cash generative. Secondly, the assets held were of a high calibre, in particular Block 26 in Syria where significant upside exists, and thirdly, I was impressed with the quality and the blend of skills of senior management and members of the Board. Having restructured the Company in 2008 and focussed on its strategy of fast-tracking the development of its Middle East assets, Gulfsands is now is a good position to grow substantially over the next twelve months and beyond. Since joining the Company last October I have further strengthened the technical and financial teams based in London to enable us to better service our operations in the Middle East. It is clear we have a number of key challenges ahead. This period of relatively low oil prices places pressure on cash flow and requires a prudent, but balanced, approach to investment. In the USA, the relative maturity of our assets in the Gulf of Mexico is evidenced by the downgrading of our proved and probable reserves by 3.8 million barrels of oil equivalent ("mmboe") to 5.1 mmboe at year-end (working interest basis), owing to sharply higher levels of water production in certain wells. We intend to contain expenditures in our US business, with future activity concentrating on high impact, low risk, low cost operations that have the potential to efficiently increase production and ultimate reserves. In Syria, however, our assets are at a very early stage of development. The exploration period in Block 26 will finally cease in August 2012 and as a result a very active programme is required to fully evaluate and capture opportunities prior to this date. As we have demonstrated with the development of the Khurbet East field, additional discoveries will be efficiently commercialised. Gulfsands aims to be one of the pre-eminent independent exploration and production companies in the Middle East and a preferred partner and operator. We will focus on low cost, high impact onshore operations with significant equity interests in a small number of countries where we can capitalise on strong local relationships. Our primary focus will continue to be Syria, where we intend to build on our success and reinvest in new value-adding projects. We also intend to capitalise on opportunities to position the Group for the longer term in Iraq. During 2008 Gulfsands established an impressive track record in exploration, appraisal, development and production. The Yousefieh oil discovery was made in November with a 63 metre net oil column being encountered which flowed at rates of up to 1,460 barrels of oil per day via a 48/64 inch choke over a four hour test period. Approval to develop the Khurbet East field through an early production facility was gained in February 2008 and only five months later the facility had been constructed, development wells drilled, and oil produced. The time taken from discovery of Khurbet East to first production was just thirteen months. The Khurbet East early production facility has consistently produced in excess of the 10,000 barrels of oil per day design capacity with little pressure depletion and minimal water production. Building of a permanent production facility at Khurbet East will start in 2009 with the award of contracts in the third quarter, with the expectation that the 50,000 barrels of fluid per day ("bfpd") facility will be commissioned by the end of 2010. In the meantime, the capacity expansion of the early production facility from 10,000 to 18,000 bfpd will be in place by mid-year with three new Khurbet East development wells drilled in order to provide the additional volume of oil required to utilise this additional capacity. The Yousefieh discovery will be appraised in 2009 with the drilling of two wells and an application will be submitted for development of this field. The acquisition in 2009 of 850 km² of 3D seismic data surrounding the Khurbet East and Yousefieh oil fields will provide the best opportunity to identify new exploration prospects for drilling in late 2009 and 2010, in what has been demonstrated to be a highly prospective fairway. Processing of the data will take place in the third quarter, followed by seismic interpretation and prospect definition in the fourth quarter. Due to high levels of activity in Syria, capital investment by the Group for both 2009 and 2010 will be in the order of $40 million, all of which is expected to be fully funded from operating cash flow. In 2010, in addition to an active exploration programme, seven development wells are planned to be drilled in the Khurbet East field and an as yet undefined number of development wells at Yousefieh. Consequently, a very busy year ahead is expected on many fronts. The hard work, innovative approach and dedication of all employees during 2008 is duly recognised and appreciated, along with the support of shareholders as the Company prepares to meet its objectives and continues to build an ever stronger exploration and production company in the Middle East. Richard Malcolm Chief Executive Officer REVIEW OF OPERATIONS SYRIA Gulfsands is the operator of the Block 26 Production Sharing Contract ("PSC") with a 50% working interest. Block 26 covers an area of 8,250 km². The PSC grants rights to explore, develop and produce from all stratigraphic levels outside the existing field areas and the deeper stratigraphic levels below the pre-existing discovered field areas. The current exploration period expires in August 2010 but may be extended at the Contractor's option for a further two years. The minimum work commitments for the current exploration period have already been satisfied. The development and production period for the Khurbet East field expires in February 2033 (25 years after commercial approval) but may be extended for a further 10 years at the Contractor's option. The terms of the PSC comprise a 12.5% royalty, cost recovery allowance, and the sharing of the resultant profit oil. Khurbet East field The Khurbet East field was discovered in June 2007 by the KHE-1 well and was appraised by two further wells in H2 2007. The second appraisal well (KHE-3) had tested at an average stabilised rate of 3,420 bopd. In February 2008, the Syrian Ministry of Oil and Mineral Resources granted approval for commercial development of the field. The development and operation of the field is being undertaken by Dijla Petroleum Company ("DPC"), a joint operating company formed with the national Syrian Petroleum Company ("SPC") for this purpose in accordance with the terms of the PSC. The KHE-1 well was a multi-zone discovery, encountering hydrocarbons in the Cretaceous Massive formation and in the deeper Butmah and Kurachine Dolomite formations. According to an independent reserves evaluation, conducted prior to the approval for commercial development, the gross life-of-field Proved plus Probable reserves of the Cretaceous Massive formation as at 31 December 2007 were 65.6 mmbbls (58.7 mmbbls if account is taken of the economic life of the PSC : see "Reserves and contingent resources"). This excluded hydrocarbons in the deeper Butmah and Kurachine Dolomite formations. Following commercial approval three development wells were drilled in H1 2008 to a depth of approximately 2,050 metres into the Massive reservoir : one vertical well (KHE-4) followed by two horizontal wells (KHE-5 & 6). The latter wells had horizontal sections of 300 metres and 200 metres respectively. KHE-5 was tested at a stabilised rate of 2,041 bopd through a 24/64" choke with less than 10 psi pressure drawdown at the reservoir. Neither KHE-4 nor KHE-6 was tested since it was considered that sufficient information had already been obtained from other wells. Oil production commenced from the Khurbet East field in July 2008 using a newly installed Early Production Facility ("EPF"), which had been constructed by SPC and leased to the Contractor group. Gross oil production to the end of 2008 was 1.41 million barrels of oil, of which Gulfsands' net entitlement was 0.42 million barrels. No water was produced. Five producer wells have been available for production during this period, consisting of three vertical producers, KHE-2,3 & 4, and two horizontal producers, KHE-5 & 6. The KHE-1 discovery well has not been completed for production from the Massive reservoir as it is intended to be used for further appraisal of the deeper reservoirs. Gross field production during the first two weeks of April 2009 averaged just over 11,000 bopd, with only trace amounts of water. Over 2.5 million barrels of oil have been produced from the field to date. Since the commencement of production, various reservoir and pressure monitoring programmes have been conducted to collect information to optimise the design of the full field development facilities and for effective reservoir management. The crude oil produced from the Khurbet East field was determined to have specifications slightly better than those typical of Syrian Heavy crude oil of 25° API. Under oil marketing arrangements agreed with SPC and the Oil Marketing Bureau of the Syrian Government ("OMB"), oil produced from the Khurbet East field is transported to an SPC-nominated delivery point where it is mixed with the Syrian Heavy crude oil, and exported through the Mediterranean port of Tartous using SPC's oil handling infrastructure. In the period to September 2009, under the OMB's arrangements for marketing oil produced from newly developed fields in this area, the Contractor group receives 80 per cent of the price of the Syrian Heavy crude oil, with the settlement for the remaining unpaid amount, subject to any adjustments for variations in oil quality, taking place in September 2009. Since the beginning of 2009 two delineation wells have been drilled with the intent of establishing the northern and southern boundaries of the Khurbet East field. The first of these, KHE-7, located 4.1 km to the north of KHE-1, was drilled in January. Good hydrocarbon shows were encountered across a seven metre reservoir interval and gradually diminished over the next 13 metres. Reservoir porosities in the range of 5% to 10% were measured, significantly lower than the 16% to 20% encountered in the central portion of the field. Although the oil-water contact was not directly determined by the wireline logs, preliminary analysis indicates that the oil-water contact in the field may be slightly deeper than previously interpreted. The well has the potential to be used for future water disposal. The southern delineation well, KHE-8, located 2.7 km to the south of KHE-1, was spudded in March 2009 and is currently drilling with results anticipated in late April. As a result of the early field performance, work is now underway to expand the capacity of the Khurbet East early production facilities to 18,000 bfpd as an interim step prior to the full field development of the Khurbet East field. This increase in capacity, consisting of the installation of additional surface equipment, is expected to be operational in the third quarter of 2009. Three further development wells are planned during the second and third quarters of the year in order to utilise this additional capacity. A full field development plan, consisting predominantly of additional processing facilities and development drilling, and targeting a total production capacity of around 50,000 bfpd, is in preparation. Gulfsands anticipates that the operating company, DPC, will commit to the full field development plan during 2009. An updated independent reserves report for Khurbet East is in preparation, taking into account seismic, well and production information acquired since the last evaluation, including the results of the recent KHE-7 and KHE-8 delineation wells, and is expected to be concluded in the second quarter of 2009. Since the 31 December 2007 reserves evaluation (which was based on 2D seismic data), the results of the 3D seismic interpretation across the field and the lower reservoir quality encountered in the northern step-out well (KHE-7) are expected to reduce the interpreted oil in place. However, the better-than-expected reservoir production, combined with the field pressure performance, is expected to enhance the oil recovery factor. Yousefieh discovery The Y-1 exploration well was drilled in November 2008 to a total depth of 2,139 metres to evaluate the potential of a new exploration play identified from the 3D seismic survey acquired in 2007 over the Khurbet East field and nearby areas. The well encountered an oil column of approximately 64 metres in the target Cretaceous aged formations, containing approximately 63 metres of net oil pay having an average porosity of 18.6%. During an open-hole test of the top 19 metres of the reservoir the well flowed 23° API oil to surface, under natural flow, at approximately 900 bopd through a 48/64" choke. In January 2009 a cased-hole flow test of the Y-1 well was performed, effectively testing the whole 63 metre net oil pay interval as an ineffective cement bond behind the casing provided poor vertical isolation over the interval. The well flowed, under natural flow and through a 48/64"choke, at an average rate of approximately 1,460 bopd over a 4 hour period with a water cut of up to 5% comparing favourably with the previous open-hole test. Remedial cementation of the production liner is planned to isolate the water producing zone prior to commencement of production from the well. The Y-2 appraisal well, located approximately 1.8 km east of the Y-1 discovery well, commenced drilling in January 2009 and reached a total depth of 2,070 metres in February 2009. Based on wireline logging and cores recovered while drilling, the well encountered approximately 16 metres of net potential hydrocarbon pay with an average porosity of approximately 16%. An open-hole production test of the reservoir interval recovered quantities of oil and water but did not establish continuous production at surface. A liner was run in the well and the reservoir interval may be re-tested at a later date. As expected in the pre-drill estimation, the Y-2 well encountered the reservoir with less thickness and lower reservoir quality than seen in Y-1. This variation is consistent with a stratigraphic carbonate accumulation such as the Yousefieh discovery. The data acquired in this well will be used to refine the understanding of these lateral variations in the geological and reservoir modelling of the accumulation and to assist in development planning. Based on a preliminary evaluation of the data acquired in the Y-1 and Y-2 wells, the range of gross oil in place is estimated to be 27.2 (P90), 48.5 (P50) and 73.9 (P10) million barrels. Further work is required to determine the expected range of recovery factors and hence reserves, but Gulfsands' best estimate using a reasonable recovery factor is in the range of 10 to 15 million barrels. The Yousefieh discovery is located close to existing infrastructure, with the Y-1 surface location being approximately 3 km from the early production facilities in the Khurbet East field. The close proximity of the Yousefieh discovery to the intended site for the full field development facilities for Khurbet East may lead to an enlarged shared facility being installed resulting in both capital and operating cost savings. Exploration Following the success in the Yousefieh discovery, the Block 26 joint venture has commenced the acquisition of an 850 km² 3D seismic survey to assist in the identification of further prospects and leads in this new exploration play in the areas surrounding the Khurbet East field and Yousefieh discovery. Health & Safety Gulfsands' health & safety record since it became operator of Block 26 in 2005 has been exemplary. Since formal safety records first began to be kept in April 2006 there have been no lost time incidents. USA In the USA Gulf of Mexico, Gulfsands owns interests in 44 blocks comprising approximately 138,000 gross acres in shallow water offshore Texas and Louisiana, which include 30 producing oil and gas fields. All of these fields are operated by third parties. The Group also has an interest in one onshore gas field in Texas. The dominating events of 2008 were the Hurricanes Gustav and Ike in late August and early September. The damage they caused, primarily to third party pipeline infrastructure, led to severely reduced production levels from September 2008 through to the end of the year and well into 2009. In all, production for the year, in oil equivalent terms and including NGLs, averaged 1,433 boepd on a working interest basis and 1,095 boepd on a net revenue interest basis, compared with 2,575 boepd and 1,970 boepd respectively in 2007. Of the 2008 production, oil and NGLs amounted to just under 40%, with the rest being gas. Working interest production fell below 400 boepd in September and October 2008 compared with pre-hurricane levels of 1,850 boepd in August. Production in March 2009 was still well below former levels. Having suffered in 2007 from a scarcity of available Group cash resources for investment, during 2008 investment levels in the USA operations were restored in order to limit production declines and maintain or enhance the value of producing assets. On the Eugene Island property two new wells (EI 58 #16 and EI 38 #17) were drilled and completed as multi-zone hydrocarbon discoveries, and were tied in to the adjacent EI 57 production facility during August. Tie-in operations were completed just prior to the facility shutdown due to Hurricane Ike. The EI 57 production facility sustained only minor damage due to the hurricane, but the facility still remains shut-in due to damage to the third party owned gas pipeline via which production is off-taken. Gulfsands owns an approximate 25% working interest in these new wells, which are expected to add significant daily gas volumes once production at this facility resumes, which is expected to be in Q2 2009. In the West Cameron area, the WC 498 B8ST1 well encountered producible hydrocarbons in four zones, and after tie-in the well commenced production through the WC 498 facility. The Group owns an approximate 4% working interest in the WC 498 field. Significant well workovers and re-completions were undertaken in the Eugene Island 32 field and at Vermillion 161. These operations were also successful, leading to significantly increased production levels from these properties. The Group owns a 26.3% working interest at Eugene Island 32 and 30.6% working interest at Vermillion 161. A number of leases expired in 2008. These include Eugene Island 83, High Island A-471 and Matagorda 555. The leases associated with the onshore Emily Hawes field, located on Matagorda Island in Texas, were relinquished during 2008. The total net cost of hurricane-related repairs due to Hurricanes Gustav and Ike is currently estimated at $3.5 million, with approximately two thirds of these costs concentrated on two properties (Eugene Island 32 and Vermillion 315/332). Amounts in excess of $2.75 million are covered by insurance. Repairs to third party facilities, such as pipelines, are not a direct cost but have a significant impact due to shut-in production. Third party infrastructure repairs are expected to continue throughout much of 2009, but with the majority being completed by the end of the second quarter. A new reserves assessment as at 31 December 2008 was undertaken by Netherland, Sewell & Associates, Inc. This showed proven and probable reserves of 5.1mmboe on a working interest basis and 3.9 mmboe on a net revenue interest basis: a reduction, compared with the equivalent report a year earlier, of 3.8 mmboe (working interest) and 2.9 mmboe (net revenue interest). The greater part of this reduction was to proven reserves, and arose mainly from a sharp increase in water production at certain producing wells. Proven and probable net revenue interest reserves at year-end comprised 1.8 mmbbl of oil and 12.7 bcf of gas. RESERVES AND CONTINGENT RESOURCES Syria The figures in the table below are taken from an independent estimate of reserves as at 31 December 2007 carried out by RPS Energy, adjusted for production in 2008. An updated reserves estimate is under preparation by RPS but the work had not been completed as at the date of this annual report. Working interest reserves represent the proportion, attributable to the Group's 50% joint venture participating interest, of forecast future crude oil production during the economic life of the Khurbet East PSC, including the share of that production attributable to Syrian Petroleum Company ("SPC") under the terms of the PSC. In assessing the economic life it has been assumed that the option to extend the life of the PSC for a further ten years after its initial expiry date is exercised. Entitlement reserves represent the Group's estimated share of working interest reserves after deducting the proportion of forecast future production attributable to the state under the terms of the PSC. This proportion is impacted by assumptions as to future development expenditure and future oil prices. For the purpose of the estimate as at 31 December 2007 the average price of Brent crude during 2008 was assumed to be $95/bbl, declining to $88/bbl in 2012 and constant thereafter. No adjustment has been made to this estimate to reflect current assumptions as to future oil prices. Under the terms of the PSC the Group's liability for income tax in Syria is settled by SPC out of their share of crude oil production. SYRIA Oil Gas Total Oil Equivalent Proved Probable P+P Possible Proved Probable P+P Possible Proved Probable P+P Possible mmbbl mmbbl mmbbl mmbbl bcf bcf bcf bcf mmboe mmboe mmboe mmboe Working Interest At 31 Dec 9.7 19.7 29.4 35.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.7 19.7 29.4 35.6 2007 Additions 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 less disposals Revisions 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 less 2008 (0.7) 0.0 (0.7) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0.7) 0.0 (0.7) 0.0 production At 31 Dec 9.0 19.7 28.7 35.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.0 19.7 28.7 35.6 2008 Entitlement At 31 Dec 5.0 6.3 11.3 11.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.0 6.3 11.3 11.2 2007 Additions 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 less disposals Revisions 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 less 2008 (0.4) 0.0 (0.4) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0.4) 0.0 (0.4) 0.0 production At 31 Dec 4.6 6.3 10.9 11.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.6 6.3 10.9 11.2 2008 In the 2007 annual report reference was made to gross life-of-field proved and probable reserves for the Khurbet East field of 66 mmbbls and to proved, probable and possible reserves of 143 mmbbls. These figures are estimates of the recoverable oil given an unlimited time horizon and take no account of the economic life of the Block 26 PSC. This does not comply with the recommended definitions of reserves approved by the Society of Petroleum Engineers ("SPE"). The comparable gross reserves figures at 31 December 2007 which take into account the economic life of the PSC were 58.7 mmbbls (proved and probable) and 130.0 mmbbls (proved, probable and possible). Gulfsands' working interest reserves at that date, on the same basis, were 50% of these figures. USA The figures in the table below are taken from a new independent estimate of reserves attributable to the Group's interest in oil and gas properties in the Gulf of Mexico and onshore in the state of Texas as at 31 December 2008 carried out by Netherland, Sewell & Associates, Inc. ("NSA"). Working interest reserves represent the proportion, attributable to the Group's participating interests, of forecast future oil & gas production during the economic life of the properties in question, before deduction of state production taxes and overriding royalty interests. Working interest reserves have been derived from the net revenue interest reserves data contained in the NSA report, by grossing up for the percentage production tax and royalty "burden" applicable to each property. The reserves-weighted average burden at 31 December 2008 was 23.6%. Net revenue interest reserves represent the Group's estimated share of working interest reserves after deduction of the equivalent share of oil and gas production attributable to state production taxes and overriding royalty interests. USA Oil Gas Total Oil Equivalent Proved Probable P+P Possible Proved Probable P+P Possible Proved Probable P+P Possible mmbbl mmbbl mmbbl mmbbl bcf bcf bcf bcf mmboe mmboe mmboe mmboe Working Interest At 31 Dec 2.1 0.8 2.9 0.1 31.7 4.5 36.2 9.8 7.3 1.6 8.9 1.7 2007 Additions 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 (1.0) (0.4) (1.4) (6.0) (0.1) (0.1) (0.2) (1.0) less disposals Revisions (0.3) 0.0 (0.3) 0.0 (14.9) (1.5) (16.4) (1.4) (2.8) (0.3) (3.1) (0.2) less 2008 (0.2) 0.0 (0.2) 0.0 (1.9) 0.0 (1.9) 0.0 (0.5) 0.0 (0.5) 0.0 production At 31 Dec 1.6 0.8 2.4 0.1 13.9 2.6 16.5 2.4 3.9 1.2 5.1 0.5 2008 Net Revenue Interest At 31 Dec 1.5 0.6 2.2 0.1 24.2 3.5 27.7 7.5 5.6 1.2 6.8 1.3 2007 Additions 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0.7) (0.3) (1.0) (4.6) (0.1) 0.0 (0.1) (0.8) less disposals Revisions (0.2) 0.0 (0.3) (0.1) (11.4) (1.1) (12.5) (1.1) (2.1) (0.3) (2.4) (0.2) less 2008 (0.1) 0.0 (0.1) 0.0 (1.5) 0.0 (1.5) 0.0 (0.4) 0.0 (0.4) 0.0 production At 31 Dec 1.2 0.6 1.8 0.0 10.6 2.1 12.7 1.8 3.0 0.9 3.9 0.3 2008 FINANCIAL REVIEW Selected Operational & Financial Data 2008 2007 (restated) Production : working interest mmboe 1.2 0.9 Production : entitlement mmboe 0.8 0.7 Revenue US$MM 53.6 37.3 Gross Profit US$MM 21.9 11.9 Operating Loss (Profit) US$MM (11.2) 2.0 Net Loss after tax US$MM (9.7) (1.2) Net cash provided by Operating Activities US$MM 18.7 5.9 Capital Expenditures US$MM (17.7) (18.8) Decommissioning costs net of escrow cash US$MM (2.7) (5.9) released Cash balance at end of year US$MM 36.8 18.5 Average realised sales price / bbl US$/bbl 65.5 51.9 Production cost / working interest bbl US$/bbl 13.5 18.5 DD&A / entitlement bbl US$/bbl 10.7 9.1 A close examination of the historic financial statements for 2007 and 2006 has revealed a number of errors in the preparation of those financial statements which require correcting, and so the balance sheets, income statements and cash flow statements for those years have been restated. A full explanation of the restatements and the reconciliation with the original financial statements is contained in the notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, and is summarised below. In the commentary that follows the prior year comparison refers to the restated financial statements. Income Statement Entitlement production in 2008 was 0.8 mmboe, of which half came from Syria and half came from the US operations, compared with 0.7 mmboe in 2007, all of which arose in the US. Syrian production commenced in July 2008: as there were significant unrecovered past costs throughout the year Gulfsands' entitlement production in Syria was 59% of its working interest production, being the maximum achievable under the PSC. Virtually all oil and gas produced in both Syria and the Gulf of Mexico is sold in the month of production: storage in the field is negligible. The 44% increase in revenue to $53.6 million was partly due to the increased production volumes and partly to higher realised unit prices which rose to $65.5/bbl from $51.9/bbl in 2007. In Syria the average realised unit price was $61.1/bbl, representing a $10.9/bbl discount to the production-weighted Brent price. In the US the average sales prices for oil and gas were $103.6/bbl and $9.4/mcf respectively. Excluding depletion and impairment charges, cost of sales fell slightly from $17.4 million in 2007 to $16.6 million in 2008. All but $1.3 million of this expense arose in the US operations. Underlying US lease operating expenses fell by $2.6 million to $8.3 million, but this was partly offset by an increase in decommissioning costs incurred in excess of the relevant existing provision (the excess being charged to the income statement). Insurance premiums of $2.3 million are included within the 2008 US cost of sales figure. Depletion charges rose from $6.5 million to $8.8 million as a result of increases in both entitlement production and the unit depletion charge ($10.5/boe in 2008 vs. $9.1/boe in 2007). Impairment charges rose sharply to $6.3 million (2007: $1.4 million) as the commerciality of some of the Group's Gulf of Mexico properties was impacted by the fall in expected future oil and gas prices during 2008 and by lower reserve estimates. However, these higher non-cash charges did not outweigh the impact of higher revenues, and as a result gross profit nearly doubled to $21.9 million (2007: $11.9 million). Excluding exceptional charges, which comprised share-based payment charges and foreign exchange losses, administrative expenses increased by 75% to $13.0 million, owing to increased staffing in London and Syria, severance payments made to the former Chief Executive and Chief Financial Officer, and incentive and retention bonuses paid to certain directors and key members of staff in the wake of the senior management changes in H1 2008. Share-based payment charges of $12.6 million arose as a result of the award of options over 7.2 million shares to existing and incoming management: under the Group's present option scheme the majority of option awards vest immediately and so the impact of these awards is felt in the Income Statement in the year of award. $2.4 million of this charge arose as a result of the decision to re-grant short-term options over 0.6 million shares at the original strike price to a Director who was prevented from exercising the existing options prior to their expiry due to the Company being in possession of material unpublished price sensitive information during the last several months of 2008. Foreign exchange losses of $4.7 million arose because the majority of the £9.4 million proceeds of the share issue in April 2008 were retained in Pounds Sterling, inter alia to defray future costs of the new London head office and senior management. The amount charged to income for hurricane repairs was $2.8 million, being the amount of the first loss to be borne by the Group under its windstorm insurance policy. The estimated total cost of the repairs is approximately $3.5 million, and the balance will be the subject of an insurance claim as and when the final total cost has been established. The above factors resulted in an operating loss for the year of $11.2 million, compared with a profit of $2.0 million in 2007. After crediting interest income of $1.2 million, deducting a non-cash an operating charge of $1.7 million for the gradual unwinding of the present-value discount inherent in the balance sheet decommissioning provision, and crediting a deferred tax clawback of $1.9 million, the net loss for the year amounted to $9.7 million (2007: net loss of $1.2 million). Cash Flow and Capital Expenditure Net cash from operations in 2008, after a net working capital increase of $1.7 million, was $18.0 million (2007: $5.1 million). Interest received added $1.2 million and tax of $0.5 million was paid (all in the US). Capital expenditure was $17.7 million compared with $18.8 million in 2007: of this $16.2 million was on development assets, in contrast with the previous year when most of the expenditure was on exploration. Decommissioning costs paid were $5.6 million, double that paid in 2007. Of this amount, $2.9 million was funded by cash released from blocked escrow accounts backing bonds posted in respect of decommissioning liabilities. A placing of 5.5 million new shares in April 2008 at 170p per share raised £9.4 million ($18.6 million) and the exercise of options during the year raised a further $1.4 million. The net increase in the Group's cash balances over the year was $18.3 million. Financial Position Gulfsands' financial position is strong, with cash balances of $36.8 million at the end of the 2008 financial year and a further $13.2 million in blocked escrow accounts backing decommissioning bonds. The Group has no debt facilities in place and no hedges in place against movement in oil, gas or foreign exchange prices. Since the year-end the Group's energy insurance policy, which last year included insurance against windstorms in the Gulf of Mexico, has come up for renewal. Owing to the losses suffered by underwriters as a result of the 2008 hurricanes, the indicative terms received for the renewal of the windstorm element of this policy showed a marked deterioration compared with the previous year, including a substantial reduction in the level of cover and substantial increases both in first loss retention by the insured and in premium. In light of these indicative terms, and in view of the lower strategic importance of the Gulf of Mexico assets to the Group now that production from Syria is on stream, the Directors have decided not to insure against windstorm risk for 2009/10 but only to cover the Gulf of Mexico assets against normal operational risks. Restatement of Prior Year Financial Statements The current management of Gulfsands considers that a number of errors and omissions were made in the compilation of the 2007 and 2006 Financial Statements, which has led to the restatement of those financial statements. The errors and omissions identified are as follows: i) Depletion charges on oil and gas assets had been calculated based on proven and probable reserves but incorporating no allowance for forecast future capital expenditure required to produce those reserves. The restated figures incorporate this forecast future capital expenditure, with a consequent additional charge to the Income Statement for the years in question. ii) The provision for decommissioning liabilities was based on the amount of bonds outstanding relating to those liabilities, many of which had been posted several years previously. No account was taken of a report from third party specialist surveyors which included up-to-date estimates of decommissioning costs. The restated figures reflect the up-to-date estimates in this report, with a consequent additional charge to the Income Statement for the years in question. iii) Cash held in blocked escrow accounts was included within cash and cash equivalents in the Balance Sheet even though these amounts were not readily available for withdrawal. It is felt that a more appropriate treatment would be to record such amounts as long term financial assets, and so the historic Balance Sheets have been restated accordingly. This restatement has no impact on historic Income Statements. The net impact of the above adjustments is to reduce the net profit of $2.7 million originally reported for 2007 by $3.9 million, to give a restated $1.2 million net loss for 2007, and to reduce the net profit of $2.1 million originally reported for 2006 by $9.3 million (representing the cumulative adjustments to 31 December 2006) to give a restated $7.2 million net loss for 2006. Andrew Rose Chief Financial Officer General information Gulfsands Petroleum plc is a public limited company listed on the Alternative Investment Market ("AIM") of the London Stock Exchange and incorporated in England. The Group's financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2008, from which this financial information has been extracted, and for the comparative year ended 31 December 2007, are prepared on a going concern basis and in accordance with IFRS, including IFRS 6 "Exploration for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources" and in accordance with those parts of the Companies Act 1985 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. The financial information contained in this report does not constitute full statutory accounts within the meaning of Section 240 of the Companies Act 1985. The figures are extracted from the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2008, which have been agreed with the company's auditors and will be filed with the Registrar of Companies, sent to shareholders and will be available on Gulfsands' website at www.gulfsands.com, following formal completion of the audit. The auditors' report on the full financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2008 is yet to be signed. The comparative figures for the year ended 31 December 2007 are not the statutory financial statements for that year. Those accounts have been reported on by the company's auditors and delivered to the Registrar of Companies. The report of the auditors was (i) unqualified, (ii) did not include a reference to any matters to which the auditors drew attention by way of emphasis without qualifying their report, and (iii) did not contain a statement under section 237(2) or (3) of the Companies Act 1985. CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2008 2008 2007 (restated) Notes $' 000 $' 000 Revenue 3 53,600 37,309 Cost of sales Depletion (8,767) (6,541) Impairment (6,327) (1,418) Other cost of sales (16,588) (17,425) Total cost of sales (31,682) (25,384) Gross profit 21,918 11,925 Administrative expenses before exceptional items (13,033) (7,431) Foreign exchange losses (4,729) 227 Share based payments 4 (12,572) (882) Total administrative expenses (30,334) (8,086) Hurricane repairs 5 (2,750) (1,856) Operating (loss) / profit (11,166) 1,983 Discount expense on decommissioning provision (1,667) (1,828) Net interest income 1,229 1,190 (Loss) / profit before taxation (11,604) 1,345 Taxation 1,932 (2,557) LOSS FOR THE YEAR - attributable to equity holders of the Company (9,672) (1,212) Loss per share (cents): Basic 6 (8.37) (1.13) Diluted 6 (8.37) (1.13) CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2008 2008 2007 (restated) Notes $' 000 $' 000 ASSETS Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment 7 79,661 49,532 Intangible assets 8 343 28,593 Long term financial assets 9 13,167 16,078 93,171 94,203 Current assets Inventory 2,401 - Trade and other receivables 15,536 11,154 Cash and cash equivalents 9 36,812 18,533 54,749 29,687 Total Assets 147,920 123,890 LIABILITIES Current liabilities Trade and other payables 11,245 6,672 Provision for decommissioning 10 5,877 10,952 17,122 17,624 Non-current liabilities Deferred tax liabilities - 1,932 Provision for decommissioning 10 20,430 16,824 20,430 18,756 Total Liabilities 37,552 36,380 NET ASSETS 110,368 87,510 EQUITY Capital and reserves attributable to equity holders Share capital 11 12,814 11,997 Share premium 98,530 79,389 Share-based payments reserve 14,305 1,733 Merger reserve 11,709 11,709 Retained losses (26,990) (17,318) TOTAL EQUITY 110,368 87,510 CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2008 2008 2007 (restated) Notes $' 000 $' 000 Cash flows from operating activities Operating (loss) / profit (11,166) 1,983 Depreciation, depletion and amortisation 7 & 8 8,953 6,541 Impairment charge 7 6,327 1,418 Decommissioning costs paid in excess of provision 10 2,987 1,640 Share-based payment charge 4 12,572 882 Non-cash bonus - 252 Loss on disposal of assets 9 2 Increase in receivables (4,066) (2,265) Increase / (decrease) in payables 4,781 (5,398) Increase in inventory (2,401) - Net cash provided by operations 17,996 5,055 Interest received 1,229 1,190 Taxation paid (524) (356) Net cash provided by operating activities 18,701 5,889 Investing activities Exploration and evaluation expenditure 8 (645) (13,510) Oil and gas properties expenditure 7 (16,157) (5,275) Other capital expenditures 7 & 8 (923) (46) Change in long term financial assets 9 2,911 (3,181) Decommissioning costs paid 10 (5,566) (2,752) Net cash used in investing activities (20,380) (24,764) Financing activities Cash proceeds from issue of shares 19,958 23,831 Share issue costs - (250) Net cash provided by financing activities 19,958 23,581 Increase in cash and cash equivalents 18,279 4,706 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 18,533 13,827 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 9 36,812 18,533 NOTES TO THE PRELIMINARY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2008 1. Correction of errors in prior periods The Group has restated the Income Statements, Balance Sheets and Cash Flow Statements as reported for prior periods. In prior periods the Group had omitted to take into account future forecast capital expenditure when calculating a depletion charge for its Gulf of Mexico assets and had understated the provision for decommissioning for the periods ended 31 December 2007 and 31 December 2006. In addition the Group had inaccurately recorded balances held in escrow accounts as cash equivalents rather than long term financial assets. Further details of these restatements are shown in note 12. 2. Basis of accounting and principal accounting policies 2.1 Basis of preparation and accounting standards While the financial information included in this preliminary announcement has been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), this announcement does not itself contain sufficient information to comply with IFRS. The Company expects to distribute the full financial statements that comply with IFRS in May 2009. The financial information contained in this report does not constitute full statutory accounts within the meaning of Section 240 of the Companies Act 1985. The figures are extracted from the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2008, which have been agreed with the company's auditors and will be filed with the Registrar of Companies, sent to shareholders and will be available on Gulfsands' website at www.gulfsands.com, following formal completion of the audit. The auditors' report on the full financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2008 is yet to be signed. The comparative figures for the year ended 31 December 2007 are not the statutory financial statements for that year. Those accounts have been reported on by the company's auditors and delivered to the Registrar of Companies. The report of the auditors was (i) unqualified, (ii) did not include a reference to any matters to which the auditors drew attention by way of emphasis without qualifying their report, and (iii) did not contain a statement under section 237(2) or (3) of the Companies Act 1985. The accounting policies applied are consistent with those adopted and disclosed in the Group's annual financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2007. The principal accounting policies are set out below. 2.2 Oil and gas assets The Group applies the requirements of IFRS 6 'Exploration for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources' and where additional guidance is needed IAS 16 'Property, Plant and Equipment' and IAS 36 'Impairment of Assets' noting that several items in the latter two standards are excepted due to the application of IFRS 6. Set out below are our interpretation of the principles set out in IFRS 6 and other IFRSs. It should be noted that guidance on certain aspects of IFRS 6 has not yet been provided by the IASB or IFRIC. Accordingly, amendments may be required to the accounting policies set out below in future years. There are two categories of oil and gas assets, exploration and evaluation assets which are included in Intangible assets, and development and production assets which are included in Property, plant and equipment. Oil and gas assets: exploration and evaluation Recognition and measurement Exploration and evaluation (E&E) assets consist of costs of license acquisition, exploration, evaluation, appraisal and development activities and evaluating oil and gas properties. The cost of E&E assets includes capitalised overheads relevant to the exploration and evaluation up to the point of commercial discovery. Costs incurred prior to having obtained the legal rights to explore an area (pre-license costs) are expensed directly to the income statement as they are incurred and are not included in E&E assets. E&E costs are accumulated and capitalised into cost pools and added to Intangible assets pending determination of commercial reserves. E&E assets relating to each exploration license/prospect are not amortised but are carried forward until the existence or otherwise of commercial reserves has been determined. If commercial reserves have been discovered, the related E&E assets are assessed for impairment on a cash generating unit basis as set out below and any impairment loss is recognised in the income statement. The carrying value of the E&E assets, after any impairment loss, is then reclassified as development and production assets in Property, plant and equipment. Impairment E&E assets are assessed for impairment when facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may exceed its recoverable amount. Such indicators include the point at which a determination is made as to whether commercial reserves exist. Where the E&E assets concerned fall within the scope of a cash generating unit, the E&E assets are tested for impairment together with all development and production assets associated within the cash generating unit. The aggregate carrying value is compared against the expected recoverable amount of the pool, generally by reference to the present value of the future net cash flows expected to be derived from production of commercial reserves. Where the E&E assets to be tested fall outside the scope of a cash generating unit, there will generally be no commercial reserves and the E&E assets concerned will generally be written off in full. Any impairment loss is recognised in the income statement and is separately disclosed. In the balance sheet it is recorded against the carrying value of the related E&E asset. Oil and gas assets: development and production Tangible oil and gas assets are grouped into a cash generating unit or groups of units for purposes of impairment testing and for depreciating the development and production assets. A cash generating unit is the smallest unit that does not have interrelated revenues and may be a well, field, area, block, region, or other defined area as appropriate. Interrelationships can be measured by oil and gas production agreements, reserve reports, or other documentation showing such relationships. The only limitation in the size of a cash generating unit is that it cannot be larger than a reporting segment of the Group. Recognition and measurement Development and production assets are accumulated on a cash generating unit basis and represent the cost of developing the commercial reserves discovered and bringing them into production, together with the E&E expenditures incurred in finding commercial reserves transferred from intangible E&E assets. The cost of development and production assets also includes the cost of acquisitions and purchases of such assets, directly attributable overheads, and the cost of recognising provisions for future restoration and decommissioning. Depletion of producing assets Expenditure within each cash generating pool is depleted by a unit of production method using the ratio of oil and gas production in the year compared to the estimated quantity of commercial reserves at the beginning of the year. Costs used in the unit of production calculation comprise the net book value of capitalised costs plus the estimated future field development costs for proved and probable reserves. Changes in estimates of commercial reserves or future development costs are dealt with prospectively. Impairment An impairment test is performed whenever events and circumstances arising during the development or production phase indicate that the carrying value of a development or production asset may exceed its recoverable amount. The aggregate carrying value is compared against the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit, generally by reference to the present value of the future net cash flows expected to be derived from production of commercial reserves. 2.3 Decommissioning Where a material liability for the removal of production facilities and site restoration at the end of the productive life of a field exists, a provision for decommissioning is recognised. The amount recognised is the present value of estimated future expenditure determined in accordance with local conditions and requirements. A fixed asset of an amount equivalent to the provision is also created (included in development and production assets) and depleted on a unit of production basis. Changes in estimates are recognised prospectively, with corresponding adjustments to the provision and the associated fixed asset. 2.4 Definition of reserves The Group's definition of commercial reserves is proven and probable reserves. Proven and probable oil and gas reserves are estimated quantities of commercially producible petroleum which the existing geological, geophysical and engineering data show to be recoverable in future years. The proven reserves included herein conform to the definition approved by the Society of Petroleum Engineers ("SPE") and the World Petroleum Congress ("WPC"). The probable reserves included herein conform to definition of probable reserves approved by the SPE/WPC using the deterministic methodology. 2.5 Share based payments The Company has made share-based payments to certain employees and directors by way of issues of share options. The fair value of these payments is calculated by the Company using the Black Scholes option pricing model. The expense is recognised on a straight line basis over the period from the date of award to the date of vesting, based on the Company's best estimate of shares that will eventually vest. 3. Segmental information The primary segmental reporting format is determined to be the geographical segment according to the location of the assets. The Directors consider the Group to have a single line of business, being the exploration, development and production of oil and gas. Accordingly no secondary segmental information is presented. There are two major geographical segments, the USA and Syria. Both segments are involved with production and exploration of oil and gas. The Group loss before interest for the year is analysed by geographical area as follows: 2008 USA Syria Other Total $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 Revenues 28,121 25,479 - 53,600 Depreciation, depletion and amortisation (6,010) (2,930) (23) (8,963) Impairment (6,327) - - (6,327) Hurricane repairs (2,750) - - (2,750) Other cost of sales (15,270) (1,318) - (16,588) Administrative expenses before exceptional items and depreciation (3,208) (3,026) (6,603) (12,837) Foreign exchange gains / (losses) - 74 (4,803) (4,729) Share based payments - - (12,572) (12,572) (Loss) / profit before interest and taxation (5,444) 18,279 (24,001) (11,166) Net interest and unwinding of discount (1,204) 133 633 (438) Inter-segment interest (3,618) - 3,618 - Taxation 1,932 - - 1,932 (Loss) / profit for the year (8,334) 18,412 (19,750) (9,672) 2007 (restated) USA Syria Other Total $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 Revenues 37,309 - - 37,309 Depreciation, depletion and amortisation (6,485) (44) (12) (6,541) Impairment (1,418) - - (1,418) Hurricane repairs (1,856) - - (1,856) Other cost of sales (17,425) - - (17,425) Administrative expenses before exceptional items and depreciation (3,522) (844) (3,065) (7,431) Foreign exchange gains / (losses) - (6) 233 227 Share based payments - - (882) (882) Profit / (loss) before interest and taxation 6,603 (894) (3,726) 1,983 Net interest and unwinding of discount (712) 72 2 (638) Inter-segment interest (3,296) - 3,296 - Taxation (2,164) - (393) (2,557) (Loss) / profit for the year 431 (822) (821) (1,212) Central costs have not been apportioned to geographical areas and are included within 'Other' above. The segment assets and liabilities as at 31 December and the segment capital expenditure during the year ended 31 December were as follows: 2008 USA Syria Other Total $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 Assets 68,866 52,475 26,579 147,920 Liabilities (33,397) (3,757) (398) (37,552) Inter-segment balances (40,466) (32,466) 72,932 - Capital expenditure 5,887 11,125 156 17,168 2007 (restated) USA Syria Other Total $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 Assets 72,978 35,769 15,143 123,890 Liabilities (34,380) (1,769) (231) (36,380) Inter-segment balances (37,699) (36,161) 73,860 - Capital expenditure 6,138 13,510 - 19,648 4. Share based payments The charge for the period is based upon the requirements of IFRS 2 regarding share based payments. For this purpose, the weighted average estimated fair value of the share options granted was calculated using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. The volatility measured at the standard deviation of expected share price return is 63.6%. No dividends were factored into the model. Details of option grants made during the year and assumptions included in the calculation of the charge to the income statement are as follows: Number of Weighted Risk free Stock price at Exercise options average interest Grant date date of grant price issued option life rate 8 May 2008 £1.80 £1.75 1,000,000 * 4.5 4.45% 13 May 2008 £1.88 £1.88 3,075,000 4.5 4.53% 13 May 2008 £1.88 £1.88 500,000 4.0 4.53% 13 May 2008 £1.88 £1.88 50,000 0.5 4.53% 17 June 2008 £2.38 £0.22 568,750 0.1 1.86% 18 July 2008 £1.95 £1.86 20,000 0.5 5.30% 5 September 2008 £1.75 £1.86 225,000 4.0 4.29% 15 October 2008 £1.17 £1.86 1,500,000 * 4.5 4.37% 27 October 2008 £0.94 £1.86 200,000 * 4.0 3.92% 24 November 2008 £1.37 £1.86 10,000 4.0 3.18% 8 December 2008 £1.30 £1.86 15,000 4.0 3.13% Total options granted 7,163,750 The share options granted on 17 June 2008 were issued to replace an identical number of options granted on 1 January 2003 at the same price which had expired unexercised. These options were not exercised prior to their expiry date as the option holder was in possession of unpublished price sensitive information in the period leading up to the option lapse date. The reissued options were exercised immediately upon grant. Other than the options marked with an * above, which vest over a period of three years, all options are exercisable immediately and accordingly the greater part of the estimated fair value was expensed during the period. 5. Hurricane repairs In 2008 Hurricanes Gustav and Ike caused damage to several of the Group's oil and gas properties and supporting infrastructure in the Gulf of Mexico. A provision has been made in these accounts for the full amount of any damage notified by the operators less potential insurance claim refunds. The amount charged to the Income Statement in the year end 31 December 2008 was $2,750,000. In 2005, Hurricanes Katrina and Rita hit the Gulf Coast and several of the Group's offshore oil and gas properties were damaged. Most of the repairs were not performed until 2006 and 2007. The charge to the Income Statement for these hurricane repairs was $1,856,000 in 2007. These charges are net of insurance claims of which $3,701,000 was receivable at 31 December 2007.The insurance claim amount reflects the Directors' best estimate of the refund due from insurance companies. 6. Loss per share The basic and diluted loss per share have been calculated using the loss for the year ended 31 December 2008 of $9,672,000 (2007 loss (restated) - $1,212,000). The basic and diluted loss per share were calculated using a weighted average number of shares in issue of 115,520,651 (2007 - 107,223,298). 7. Property, plant and equipment Oil and gas properties Other fixed USA Syria assets Total $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 Cost: At 1 January 2007 (restated) 75,899 - 273 76,172 Additions (restated) 6,092 - 45 6,137 Disposals - - (8) (8) At 31 December 2007 (restated) 81,991 - 310 82,301 Additions 5,600 10,000 596 16,196 Transfer from Intangible assets - 29,221 - 29,221 Disposals - - (33) (33) At 31 December 2008 87,591 39,221 873 127,685 Accumulated depreciation and depletion: At 1 January 2007 (restated) (19,475) - (80) (19,555) Charge for 2007 (restated) (6,433) - (93) (6,526) Disposals - - 7 7 At 31 December 2007 (restated) (25,908) - (166) (26,074) Charge for 2008 (5,961) (2,806) (185) (8,952) Disposals - - 24 24 At 31 December 2008 (31,869) (2,806) (327) (35,002) Accumulated impairment: At 1 January 2007 (restated) (5,277) - - (5,277) Impairment charge for 2007 (restated) (1,418) - - (1,418) At 31 December 2007 (restated) (6,695) - - (6,695) Impairment charge for 2008 (8,154) - - (8,154) Reversal of impairment charges from prior years 1,827 - - 1,827 At 31 December 2008 (13,022) - - (13,022) Net book value at 31 December 2008 42,700 36,415 546 79,661 Net book value at 31 December 2007 (restated) 49,388 - 144 49,532 The impairment charges for 2007 and 2008 relate to provisions against the Group's carrying values of its USA producing assets, following a review of reserves at the year end. The decrease in the market price of oil and gas has led to reductions in forecast future revenues per barrel of oil equivalent and also a reappraisal of the economics of certain fields in the Gulf of Mexico together with decreases in the estimated commercially recoverable reserves of those fields. 8. Intangible assets Exploration and Computer evaluation assets software Total $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 Cost: At 1 January 2007 15,066 49 15,115 Additions 13,510 1 13,511 At 31 December 2007 28,576 50 28,626 Additions 645 327 972 Transfer to Property, plant & equipment (29,221) - (29,221) At 31 December 2008 - 377 377 Accumulated amortisation: At 1 January 2007 - (18) (18) Charge for 2007 - (15) (15) At 31 December 2007 - (33) (33) Charge for 2008 - (1) (1) At 31 December 2008 - (34) (34) Net book value at 31 December 2008 - 343 343 Net book value at 31 December 2007 28,576 17 28,593 Intangible Exploration and Evaluation ("E&E") assets of $29,221,000 representing the cumulative cost of exploration work in Block 26 in Syria were transferred to development and production assets within tangible fixed assets upon the successful declaration of commerciality for the Khurbet East field in the second half of 2008. At 31 December 2008 there were no E&E assets. Included in E&E assets at 31 December 2007 was an amount of $1,664,000 in respect of capitalised overheads related to the exploration and evaluation activities in Block 26, Syria. A further $645,000 of overhead expense was capitalised during the year ended 31 December 2008 in respect of general and administrative costs prior to discovery of commercial reserves. 9. Cash and cash equivalents 2008 2007 $' 000 $' 000 Short term cash deposits - 11,115 Cash at bank and in hand 36,812 7,418 Restricted cash balances 13,167 16,078 49,979 34,611 Included in long term financial assets 13,167 16,078 Total cash and cash equivalents 36,812 18,533 Short term cash deposits comprised amounts held on deposit, but readily convertible to cash. The restricted cash balances include (i) amounts held in escrow to cover decommissioning expenditures under the requirements of the regulatory authorities that manage the oil and gas and other mineral resources in the Gulf of Mexico and (ii) a bank guarantee that is required under the terms of the Production Sharing Contract with the Syrian Petroleum Company and which is reduced quarterly as the obligations under the required work programmes are completed. 10. Provision for decommissioning The provision for decommissioning relates to the expected present value of costs of plugging and abandoning the oil and gas properties held by Gulfsands Petroleum USA, Inc and Darcy Energy LLC. The provision for decommissioning is estimated after taking account of inflation, years to abandonment, and borrowing rates. At 31 December 2008, the oil and gas properties have estimated plugging and abandonment dates between 2009 and 2036. The portion of the provision for decommissioning expected to be settled in 2009 totalling approximately $5.9 million is included in current liabilities and the remainder totalling approximately $20.4 million is included in non-current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet at 31 December 2008. Actual decommissioning costs will ultimately depend upon future market prices for the necessary decommissioning work required, which will reflect market conditions at the relevant time. Furthermore, the timing of decommissioning is likely to depend on when the fields cease to produce at economically viable rates. This in turn will depend upon future oil and gas prices, which are inherently uncertain. The movement in the provision for decommissioning was as follows: $' 000 At 1 January 2007 (restated) 26,141 Changes in estimates (restated) 919 Additions (restated) - Costs in excess of provision (restated) 1,640 Decommissioning costs paid (2,752) Discount expense (restated) 1,828 At 31 December 2007 (restated) 27,776 Less: current portion (restated) 10,952 Non-current portion (restated) 16,824 At 1 January 2008 (restated) 27,776 Changes in estimates (557) Additions - Costs in excess of provision 2,987 Decommissioning costs paid (5,566) Discount expense 1,667 At 31 December 2008 26,307 Less: current portion 5,877 Non-current portion 20,430 11. Share capital 2008 2007 Number Number Authorised: Ordinary shares of 5.714 pence each 175,000,000 175,000,000 2008 2007 $' 000 $' 000 Allotted, called up and fully paid: 118,522,500 (2007 - 111,178,750) ordinary shares of 5.714 pence each 12,814 11,997 The movements in share capital and share options were: Weighted average exercise price Number of share Number of of options options ordinary shares At 1 January 2008 £0.95 5,413,750 111,178,750 Private placement - 5,500,000 Share options exercised for cash £0.39 (1,843,750) 1,843,750 Share options lapsed £0.22 (568,750) - Share options issued £1.76 7,163,750 - At 31 December 2008 £1.64 10,165,000 118,522,500 The detail of the share options outstanding at 31 December 2008 are as follows: Year options Weighted average Number of Exercise period vest exercise price options 5 April 2005 - 4 April 2010 2005 £1.30 2,135,000 13 February 2006 - 18 October 2011 2006 £1.18 855,000 19 February 2007 - 3 June 2012 2007 £1.12 580,000 8 May 2008 - 8 December 2013 2008 £1.84 5,245,000 8 May 2009 - 27 November 2015 2009 and 2010 £1.83 1,350,000 £1.64 10,165,000 Options are exercisable at prices from £0.96 to £1.88 per share and have a weighted estimated remaining contractual life of 3.8 years. Of the total outstanding options at 31 December 2008, the options granted to the Directors numbered 6,675,000 (2007 - 3,743,750) and those granted to other staff numbered 1,845,000. The remaining 1,645,000 were granted to ex-employees and ex-directors or consultants who are currently involved with or have performed work for the Group. The average share price during 2008 was £1.64 (2007 - £1.19). 12. Restatement of previous period financial statements The Group has identified corrections required to certain balances and also in the classification of certain other balances in the financial statements of prior periods. The Group has chosen to restate the Balance Sheets, Income Statements and Statements of Cash Flows as at, and for the periods ended, 31 December 2007 and 2006. (i) In prior years the Group had calculated depletion charges on its oil and gas assets over the estimated proved and probable reserves. No allowance had been made for forecast future capital expenditure associated with producing those reserves. At 31 December 2007 the forecast future capital expenditure, excluding plugging and abandonment costs, amounted to approximately $34,452,000 (2006 - $26,683,000). (ii) In prior years the Group had provided for decommissioning liabilities using an outdated estimate of the cost of decommissioning work required (as stated in current prices). Prior to the completion of the financial statements for those years the Group had received a report from third party specialist surveyors in connection with insurance related matters which report also included an update of the estimated cost of decommissioning and which, if adopted for use in the preparation of the financial statements, would more accurately reflect the current cost of decommissioning work. This report included an estimated value of $38,127,000 (in current prices) for decommissioning. This is $17,539,000 in excess of the previously estimated amounts and the decommissioning liabilities for prior periods have been restated to reflect the higher figure. (iii) In prior years bank balances held in escrow accounts were treated as cash and cash equivalents. These balances were, however, not available to the Group to fund short term requirements and the Group now considers that these should more accurately be classified as other financial assets. Retrospective adjustments have been made to the Balance Sheets and Statement of Cash Flows for the Group to reclassify $16,078,000 (2006 - $12,897,000 million) of such balances. The effect of these restatements to the income statement, balance sheet and statement of cash flows is set out below: CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2007 As originally (i) and As stated (ii) restated $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 Revenue 37,309 - 37,309 Cost of sales Depletion (5,034) (1,507) (6,541) Impairment (947) (471) (1,418) Other cost of sales (15,883) (1,542) (17,425) Total cost of sales (21,864) (3,520) (25,384) Gross profit 15,445 (3,520) 11,925 Administrative expenses before exceptional items (7,204) - (7,204) Share based payments (882) - (882) Total administrative expenses (8,086) - (8,086) Hurricane repairs (1,856) - (1,856) Operating profit 5,503 (3,520) 1,983 Discount expense on decommissioning provision (1,475) (353) (1,828) Net interest income 1,190 - 1,190 Profit before taxation 5,218 (3,873) 1,345 Taxation (2,557) - (2,557) (LOSS) / PROFIT FOR THE YEAR - attributable to equity holders of the Company 2,661 (3,873) (1,212) Earnings per share (cents): Basic 2.48 (1.13) Diluted 2.37 (1.13) Note that the adjustments required to restate the depletion, impairment charges and decommissioning liabilities in (i) and (ii) above are not practicable to separate and are aggregated in the presentation above. CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2006 As originally (i) and As stated (ii) restated $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 Revenue 33,934 - 33,934 Cost of sales Depletion (4,716) (6,977) (11,693) Impairment (1,334) (2,801) (4,135) Other cost of sales (14,465) (969) (15,434) Total cost of sales (20,515) (10,747) (31,262) Gross profit 13,419 (10,747) 2,672 Administrative expenses before exceptional items (4,455) - (4,455) Share based payments (851) - (851) Total administrative expenses (5,306) - (5,306) Hurricane repairs (2,573) - (2,573) Operating profit 5,540 (10,747) (5,207) Discount expense on decommissioning provision (2,223) 1,438 (785) Net interest income 1,193 - 1,193 Profit before taxation 4,510 (9,309) (4,799) Taxation (2,433) - (2,433) (LOSS) / PROFIT FOR THE YEAR - attributable to equity holder of the Company 2,077 (9,309) (7,232) Earnings per share (cents): Basic 2.17 (7.57) Diluted 2.15 (7.57) Note that the adjustments required to restate the depletion, impairment charges and decommissioning liabilities in (i) and (ii) above are not practicable to separate and are aggregated in the presentation above. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2007 As originally (i) and As stated (ii) (iii) restated $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 ASSETS Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment 46,925 2,607 - 49,532 Intangible assets 28,593 - - 28,593 Long term financial assets - - 16,078 16,078 75,518 2,607 16,078 94,203 Current assets Trade and other receivables 11,154 - - 11,154 Cash and cash equivalents 34,611 - (16,078) 18,533 45,765 - (16,078) 29,687 Total Assets 121,283 2,607 - 123,890 LIABILITIES Current liabilities Trade and other payables 6,672 - - 6,672 Provision for decommissioning 2,512 8,440 - 10,952 9,184 8,440 - 17,624 Non-current liabilities Deferred tax liabilities 1,932 - - 1,932 Provision for decommissioning 9,475 7,349 - 16,824 11,407 7,349 - 18,756 Total liabilities 20,591 15,789 - 36,380 NET ASSETS 100,692 (13,182) - 87,510 EQUITY Capital and reserves attributable to equity holders Share capital 11,997 - - 11,997 Share premium 79,389 - - 79,389 Share-based payments reserve 1,733 - - 1,733 Merger reserve 11,709 - - 11,709 Retained losses (4,136) (13,182) - (17,318) TOTAL EQUITY 100,692 (13,182) - 87,510 Note that the adjustments required to restate the depletion, impairment charges and decommissioning liabilities in (i) and (ii) above are not practicable to separate and are aggregated in the presentation above. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2006 As originally (i) and As stated (ii) (iii) restated $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 ASSETS Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment 46,247 5,093 - 51,340 Intangible assets 15,097 - - 15,097 Long term financial assets - - 12,897 12,897 Deferred tax asset 176 - - 176 61,520 5,093 12,897 79,510 Current assets Trade and other receivables 9,629 - - 9,629 Cash and cash equivalents 26,724 - (12,897) 13,827 36,353 - (12,897) 23,456 Total Assets 97,873 5,093 - 102,966 LIABILITIES Current liabilities Trade and other payables 12,717 - - 12,717 Provision for decommissioning 3,319 4,308 - 7,627 Oil and gas price derivatives 101 - - 101 16,137 4,308 - 20,445 Non-current liabilities Provision for decommissioning 8,420 10,094 - 18,514 8,420 10,094 - 18,514 Total liabilities 24,557 14,402 - 38,959 NET ASSETS 73,316 (9,309) - 64,007 EQUITY Capital and reserves attributable to equity holders Share capital 11,047 - - 11,047 Share premium 56,506 - - 56,506 Share-based payments reserve 851 - - 851 Merger reserve 11,709 - - 11,709 Retained losses (6,797) (9,309) - (16,106) TOTAL EQUITY 73,316 (9,309) - 64,007 Note that the adjustments required to restate the depletion, impairment charges and decommissioning liabilities in (i) and (ii) above are not practicable to separate and are aggregated in the presentation above. CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2007 As originally (i) and As stated (ii) (iii) restated $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 Cash flows from operating activities: Operating profit 5,503 (3,520) - 1,983 Depreciation, depletion and amortisation 5,034 1,507 - 6,541 Impairment charge 947 471 - 1,418 Decommissioning costs paid in excess of provision - 1,640 - 1,640 Share-based payment charge 882 - - 882 Non-cash bonus 252 - - 252 Loss on disposal of assets 2 - - 2 Increase in receivables (2,266) 1 - (2,265) (Decrease)/increase in payables (5,399) 1 - (5,398) Net cash from operations 4,955 100 - 5,055 Interest received 1,190 - - 1,190 Taxation paid (356) - - (356) Net cash from operating activities 5,789 100 - 5,889 Investing activities Exploration and evaluation expenditure (13,511) 1 - (13,510) Oil and gas properties expenditure (5,175) (100) - (5,275) Other capital expenditures (45) (1) - (46) Change in long term financial assets - - (3,181) (3,181) Decommissioning costs paid (2,752) - - (2,752) Net cash used in investing activities (21,483) (100) (3,181) (24,764) Financing activities Cash proceeds from issue of shares 23,831 - - 23,831 Share issue costs (250) - - (250) Net cash from financing activities 23,581 - - 23,581 Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 7,887 - (3,181) 4,706 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 26,724 - (12,897) 13,827 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 34,611 - (16,078) 18,533 Note that the adjustments required to restate the depletion, impairment charges and decommissioning liabilities in (i) and (ii) above are not practicable to separate and are aggregated in the presentation above. CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2006 As originally (i) and As stated (ii) (iii) restated $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 $' 000 Cash flows from operating activities: Operating profit / (loss) 5,540 (10,747) - (5,207) Depreciation, depletion and amortisation 4,716 6,977 - 11,693 Impairment charge 1,334 2,801 - 4,135 Decommissioning costs paid in excess of provision - 969 - 969 Share-based payment charge 851 - - 851 Increase in receivables (3,888) - - (3,888) Increase in payables 7,441 - - 7,441 Net cash from operations 15,994 - - 15,994 Interest received 1,193 - - 1,193 Taxation paid (1,111) - - (1,111) Net cash from operating activities 16,076 - - 16,076 Investing activities Exploration and evaluation expenditure (9,375) - - (9,375) Oil and gas properties expenditure (17,896) - - (17,896) Purchase of minority interest (277) - - (277) Other capital expenditures (234) - - (234) Change in long term financial assets - - 1,691 1,691 Decommissioning costs paid (2,062) - - (2,062) Net cash used in investing activities (29,844) - 1,691 (28,153) Financing activities Cash proceeds from issue of shares 3,931 - - 3,931 Net cash from financing activities 3,931 - - 3,931 (Decrease) / increase in cash and cash equivalents (9,837) - 1,691 (8,146) Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 36,561 - (14,588) 21,973 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 26,724 - (12,897) 13,827 Note that the adjustments required to restate the depletion, impairment charges and decommissioning liabilities in (i) and (ii) above are not practicable to separate and are aggregated in the presentation above. ---END OF MESSAGE--- This announcement was originally distributed by Hugin. 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