Q2 2023 Financial Statements (Part 2)

National Bank of Canada
31 May 2023
 


National Bank of Canada

May 31st, 2023

 

Regulatory Announcement (Part 2)

Q2 2023 Results

National Bank of Canada (the "Bank") announces publication of its Second Quarter 2023 Report to Shareholders. The Second Quarter Results have been uploaded to the National Storage Mechanism and will shortly be available at https://data.fca.org.uk/#/nsm/nationalstoragemechanism and is available on the Bank's website at https://www.nbc.ca/en/about-us/investors/investor-relations/quarterly-results.html

To view the full PDF of this Second Quarter 2023 Report to Shareholders, please click on the following link:

http://www.rns-pdf.londonstockexchange.com/rns/2054B_1-2023-5-31.pdf

 

Report to Shareholders                                                                   Second Quarter 2023

Interim Condensed Consolidated

Financial Statements

(unaudited)

 

 


Consolidated Balance Sheets

54


Consolidated Statements of Income

55


Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

56


Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

58


Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

59


Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

60

 


Consolidated Balance Sheets

(unaudited) (millions of Canadian dollars)

 



 


As at April 30, 2023


As at October 31, 2022





 


 

 



Assets

 

 


 

 



Cash and deposits with financial institutions

 

 


42,501

 

31,870


 

 

 


 

 



Securities   (Notes 2, 3 and 4)

 


 

 

 


 

At fair value through profit or loss


 


93,111

 

87,375


At fair value through other comprehensive income


 


9,712

 

8,828


At amortized cost


 


14,099

 

13,516





 


116,922

 

109,719





 


 

 



Securities purchased under reverse repurchase agreements


 


 

 



 

and securities borrowed

 

 


16,827

 

26,486



 

 

 


 

 



Loans   (Note 5)

 



 

 



Residential mortgage


 


83,441

 

80,129


Personal


 


45,255

 

45,323


Credit card


 


2,433

 

2,389


Business and government


 


79,138

 

73,317





 


210,267

 

201,158


Customers' liability under acceptances

 


6,567

 

6,541


Allowances for credit losses


 


(1,070)

 

(955)





 


215,764

 

206,744





 


 

 



Other

 

 

 

 

 


 

Derivative financial instruments


 


14,058

 

18,547


Investments in associates and joint ventures   (Note 17)



146

 

140


Premises and equipment




1,508

 

1,397


Goodwill




1,518

 

1,519


Intangible assets




1,333

 

1,360


Other assets   (Note 6)




7,107

 

5,958





 


25,670

 

28,921



 

 

 


417,684

 

403,740



 

 

 


 

 



Liabilities and equity

 

 

 

 

 



Deposits   (Notes 3 and 7)

 


 

281,514

 

266,394

 




 

 

 

 



Other

 

 


 

 


 

Acceptances


 


6,567

 

6,541


Obligations related to securities sold short


 


18,721

 

21,817


Obligations related to securities sold under repurchase agreements


 


 

 




and securities loaned  




38,057

 

33,473


Derivative financial instruments


 


16,865

 

19,632


Liabilities related to transferred receivables   (Note 3)




25,982

 

26,277


Other liabilities   (Note 8)



 

6,609

 

6,361





 

 

112,801

 

114,101





 

 

 

 



Subordinated debt   (Note 9)

 


 

748

 

1,499

 

 

 

 

 


 

 


 

Equity 

 

 


 

 


 

Equity attributable to the Bank's shareholders and holders of

  other equity instruments   (Notes 10 and 12)




 

 


 

Preferred shares and other equity instruments


 


3,150

 

3,150


Common shares


 


3,261

 

3,196


Contributed surplus


 


59

 

56


Retained earnings


 


15,943

 

15,140


Accumulated other comprehensive income


 

 

207

 

202



 

 

 

 

22,620

 

21,744


Non-controlling interests 

 


 

1

 

2



 

 

 

 

22,621

 

21,746



 

 

 

 

417,684

 

403,740


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.




Consolidated Statements of Income

(unaudited) (millions of Canadian dollars)

 




Quarter ended April 30


Six months ended April 30


 

 

 

2023

 

2022(1)


2023


2022(1)


 

 

 

 

 







Interest income

 

 

 



 



 

Loans


3,026

 

1,469


5,929


2,891

 

Securities at fair value through profit or loss


358

 

319


783


685

 

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income


68

 

31


127


62

 

Securities at amortized cost


119

 

52


231


98

 

Deposits with financial institutions


408

 

40


780


63

 




3,979

 

1,911


7,850


3,799

 




 

 



 



 

Interest expense

 

 

 



 



 

Deposits


2,365

 

435


4,461


835

 

Liabilities related to transferred receivables 


157

 

105


299


206

 

Subordinated debt


10

 

4


25


8

 

Other


565

 

54


1,084


105

 




3,097

 

598


5,869


1,154

 

Net interest income(2)

 

882

 

1,313


1,981


2,645

 




 

 



 



 

Non-interest income

 

 

 



 



 

Underwriting and advisory fees


93

 

84


200


162

 

Securities brokerage commissions


47

 

59


94


116

 

Mutual fund revenues


141

 

147


284


303

 

Investment management and trust service fees


247

 

253


489


509

 

Credit fees


133

 

119


270


244

 

Card revenues


51

 

44


97


91

 

Deposit and payment service charges


73

 

73


146


144

 

Trading revenues (losses)


650

 

121


1,181


243

 

Gains (losses) on non-trading securities, net


30

 

53


41


107

 

Insurance revenues, net


45

 

37


83


84

 

Foreign exchange revenues, other than trading


38

 

56


94


108

 

Share in the net income of associates and joint ventures


4

 

15


7


20

 

Other


45

 

65


94


129

 




1,597

 

1,126


3,080


2,260

 

Total revenues

 

2,479

 

2,439


5,061


4,905

 




 

 



 



 

Non-interest expenses

 

 

 



 



 

Compensation and employee benefits


833

 

808


1,708


1,625

 

Occupancy


83

 

76


166


152

 

Technology


255

 

232


507


463

 

Communications


15

 

16


29


30

 

Professional fees


62

 

57


125


120

 

Other


126

 

110


242


189

 




1,374

 

1,299


2,777


2,579

 

Income before provisions for credit losses and income taxes


1,105

 

1,140


2,284


2,326

 

Provisions for credit losses   (Note 5)

 

85

 

3


171


1

 

Income before income taxes 

 

1,020

 

1,137


2,113


2,325

 

Income taxes


173

 

248


385


506

 

Net income

 

847

 

889


1,728


1,819

 

 

 

 

 

 



 



 

Net income attributable to

 

 

 



 



 

Preferred shareholders and holders of other equity instruments


35

 

25


70


51

 

Common shareholders


813

 

865


1,659


1,769

 

Bank shareholders and holders of other equity instruments


848

 

890


1,729


1,820

 

Non-controlling interests


(1)

 

(1)


(1)


(1)

 




847

 

889


1,728


1,819

 




 

 



 



 

Earnings per share (dollars)   (Note 15)


 

 



 



 


Basic


2.41

 

2.56


4.92


5.24

 


Diluted


2.38

 

2.53


4.87


5.17

 

Dividends per common share (dollars)   (Note 10)

 

0.97

 

0.87


1.94


1.74


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.






 

(1)       For the quarter and six-month period ended April 30, 2022, certain amounts have been adjusted to reflect a change in accounting policy related to cloud computing arrangements. For additional information, see Note 1.

(2)       Net interest income includes dividend income. For additional information, see Note 1 to the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2022.

 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(unaudited) (millions of Canadian dollars)

 






Quarter ended April 30


Six months ended April 30




2023


2022(1)


2023


2022(1)


Net income

 

847

 

889

 

1,728


1,819

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 



 

Other comprehensive income, net of income taxes

 

 

 






 


Items that may be subsequently reclassified to net income


 

 









Net foreign currency translation adjustments


 

 










Net unrealized foreign currency translation gains (losses) on investments

   in foreign operations


109

 

48


(31)


164





Impact of hedging net foreign currency translation gains (losses)


(34)

 

(17)


6


(51)






75

 

31


(25)


113




Net change in debt securities at fair value through other comprehensive income


 

 



 







Net unrealized gains (losses) on debt securities at fair value through other

   comprehensive income


(40)

 

(56)


(28)


(120)





Net (gains) losses on debt securities at fair value through other comprehensive


 

 



 








income reclassified to net income


48

 

23


52


44





Change in allowances for credit losses on debt securities at fair value through


 

 



 








other comprehensive income reclassified to net income


1

 










9

 

(33)


24


(76)


 

 

Net change in cash flow hedges

 

 




 



 

 

 

 

Net gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges


5


28


(20)


34

 

 

 

 

Net (gains) losses on designated derivative financial instruments reclassified

   to net income


16


6


25


16

 







21

 

34


5


50



 

Share in the other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures


 

(1)


1


(1)



 

 

 

 


 

 



 





Items that will not be subsequently reclassified to net income

 

 

 



 





 

Remeasurements of pension plans and other post-employment benefit plans

 

3

 

76


(56)


172



 

Net gains (losses) on equity securities designated at fair value through

  other comprehensive income

 

(4)

 

(23)


6


(17)




Net fair value change attributable to the credit risk on financial liabilities


 

 



 






 

designated at fair value through profit or loss


(19)

 

304


(158)


325




 

 

 


(20)

 

357


(208)


480


Total other comprehensive income, net of income taxes

 

85

 

388


(203)


566

 

Comprehensive income

 

932

 

1,277


1,525


2,385

 

Comprehensive income attributable to


 




 





Bank shareholders and holders of other equity instruments

 

933


1,278


1,526


2,386

 


Non-controlling interests

 

(1)

 

(1)


(1)


(1)

 

 


 

932

 

1,277


1,525


2,385

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.  

 



 



 

 

(1)       For the quarter and six-month period ended April 30, 2022, certain amounts have been adjusted to reflect a change in accounting policy related to cloud computing arrangements. For additional information, see Note 1.

 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (cont.)

(unaudited) (millions of Canadian dollars)

 

Income Taxes - Other Comprehensive Income

 

The following table presents the income tax expense or recovery for each component of other comprehensive income.

 





Quarter ended April 30


Six months ended April 30





2023


2022


2023


2022


Items that may be subsequently reclassified to net income


 




 





Net foreign currency translation adjustments


 









 

Net unrealized foreign currency translation gains (losses) on investments

   in foreign operations


(3)



2


(5)




Impact of hedging net foreign currency translation gains (losses)


(8)


2



(5)








(11)


2


2


(10)



Net change in debt securities at fair value through other comprehensive income

 

 




 






Net unrealized gains (losses) on debt securities at fair value through other

   comprehensive income


(15)


(20)


(11)


(43)




Net (gains) losses on debt securities at fair value through other comprehensive income


 




 







reclassified to net income


18


8


20


16




Change in allowances for credit losses on debt securities at fair value through


 




 







other comprehensive income reclassified to net income












3


(12)


9


(27)



Net change in cash flow hedges


 




 





 

Net gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges


2


10


(8)


12




Net (gains) losses on designated derivative financial instruments reclassified

   to net income


6


2


10


5








8


12


2


17



Share in the other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures



(1)



(1)


Items that will not be subsequently reclassified to net income


 




 





Remeasurements of pension plans and other post-employment benefit plans


1


27


(12)


62



Net gains (losses) on equity securities designated at fair value through

  other comprehensive income

(1)


(8)


2


(6)



Net fair value change attributable to the credit risk on financial liabilities


 




 





 

designated at fair value through profit or loss


(8)


108


(61)


116


 


(8)


127


(71)


172



 


(8)


128


(58)


151

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.     





 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

(unaudited) (millions of Canadian dollars)

 




Six months ended April 30






 

2023

 

2022(1)


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

Preferred shares and other equity instruments at beginning and at end   (Note 10)

 

 

 


3,150


2,650


 

 

 

 

 


 

 



Common shares at beginning   (Note 10)

 

 

 


3,196

 

3,160


Issuances of common shares pursuant to the Stock Option Plan





60

 

52


Repurchases of common shares for cancellation




 

 

(24)


Impact of shares purchased or sold for trading





5

 

8


Common shares at end

 

 

 


3,261

 

3,196


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Contributed surplus at beginning

 

 

 

 

56

 

47


Stock option expense   (Note 12)





9

 

8


Stock options exercised





(6)

 

(6)


Contributed surplus at end

 

 

 


59

 

49


 

 

 

 

 


 

 



Retained earnings at beginning

 

 

 


15,140

 

12,854


Net income attributable to the Bank's shareholders and holders of other equity instruments





1,729

 

1,820


Dividends on preferred shares and distributions on other equity instruments   (Note 10)





(80)

 

(56)


Dividends on common shares   (Note 10)





(655)

 

(587)


Premium paid on common shares repurchased for cancellation   (Note 10)





 

(221)


Remeasurements of pension plans and other post-employment benefit plans




 

(56)

 

172


Net gains (losses) on equity securities designated at fair value through other comprehensive income




 

6

 

(17)


Net fair value change attributable to the credit risk on financial liabilities




 

 

 




designated at fair value through profit or loss




 

(158)

 

325


Impact of a financial liability resulting from put options written to non-controlling interests




 

7

 

(2)


Other




 

10

 

5


Retained earnings at end

 

 

 


15,943


14,293


 

 

 

 

 


 




Accumulated other comprehensive income at beginning

 

 

 


202


(32)


Net foreign currency translation adjustments





(25)


113


Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on debt securities at fair value through other comprehensive income





24

 

(76)


Net change in gains (losses) on cash flow hedges




5


50


Share in the other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures





1


(1)


Accumulated other comprehensive income at end

 

 

 

 


207


54


 

 

 

 

 





Equity attributable to the Bank's shareholders and holders of other equity instruments

 

 

 


22,620


20,242


 

 

 

 


 




Non-controlling interests at beginning 

 

 

 


2


3


Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

 

 

 


(1)


(1)


Non-controlling interests at end

 

 

 


1


2




 

 

 


 




Equity

 

 

 


22,621


20,244


 

 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income 


 

As at April 30, 2023

 

As at April 30, 2022


Accumulated other comprehensive income


 

 



Net foreign currency translation adjustments


179

 

(16)


Net unrealized gains (losses) on debt securities at fair value through other comprehensive income


(10)

 

(5)


Net gains (losses) on instruments designated as cash flow hedges


36

 

73


Share in the other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures


2

 

2


 


207


54


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.






 

 

(1)       For the six-month period ended April 30, 2022, certain amounts have been adjusted to reflect a change in accounting policy related to cloud computing arrangements. For additional information, see Note 1.

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(unaudited) (millions of Canadian dollars)





Six months ended April 30




2023

 

2022(1)


Cash flows from operating activities


 




Net income


1,728


1,819


Adjustments for


 





Provisions for credit losses


171


1



Amortization of premises and equipment, including right-of-use assets


105


101



Amortization of intangible assets


157


141



Deferred taxes


(58)


94



Losses (gains) on sales of non-trading securities, net


(41)


(107)



Share in the net income of associates and joint ventures


(7)


(20)



Stock option expense


9


8


Change in operating assets and liabilities


 





Securities at fair value through profit or loss


(5,736)


6,723



Securities purchased under reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowed


9,659


(4,225)



Loans and acceptances, net of securitization


(9,444)


(12,125)



Deposits


15,120


5,746



Obligations related to securities sold short


(3,096)


1,095



Obligations related to securities sold under repurchase agreements and securities loaned


4,584


6,999



Derivative financial instruments, net


1,722


(5,848)



Interest and dividends receivable and interest payable


170


25



Current tax assets and liabilities


(271)


(415)



Other items


(1,448)


(1,998)






13,324


(1,986)


Cash flows from financing activities


 




Issuances of common shares (including the impact of shares purchased for trading)


59

 

54


Repurchases of common shares for cancellation


 

(245)


Redemption of subordinated debt


(750)



Repayments of lease liabilities


(50)


(50)


Dividends paid on shares and distributions on other equity instruments


(732)


(643)






(1,473)


(884)


Cash flows from investing activities


 




Net change in investments in associates and joint ventures



119


Purchases of non-trading securities


(5,149)


(5,882)


Maturities of non-trading securities


1,473


912


Sales of non-trading securities


2,443


3,878


Net change in premises and equipment, excluding right-of-use assets


(181)


(156)


Net change in intangible assets


(130)


(178)






(1,544)


(1,307)


Impact of currency rate movements on cash and cash equivalents

324


721


Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents


10,631


(3,456)


Cash and cash equivalents at beginning


31,870


33,879


Cash and cash equivalents at end(2)


42,501


30,423


Supplementary information about cash flows from operating activities


 




Interest paid


5,166


1,127


Interest and dividends received


7,317


3,798


Income taxes paid


428


786


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.


 

(1)       For the six-month period ended April 30, 2022, certain amounts have been adjusted to reflect a change in accounting policy related to cloud computing arrangements. For additional information, see Note 1.

(2)       This item is the equivalent of Consolidated Balance Sheet item Cash and deposits with financial institutions. It includes an amount of $7.3 billion as at April 30, 2023 ($7.7 billion as at October 31, 2022) for which there are restrictions and of which $4.4 billion ($5.3 billion as at October 31, 2022) represent the balances that the Bank must maintain with central banks, other regulatory agencies, and certain counterparties.

 

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited) (millions of Canadian dollars)

 











Note 1

Basis of Presentation

60


Note 10

Share Capital and Other Equity Instruments

81



Note 2

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

61


Note 11

Capital Disclosure

82



Note 3

Financial Instruments Designated at Fair Value Through



Note 12

Share-Based Payments

83




   Profit or Loss

66


Note 13

Employee Benefits - Pension Plans and Other




Note 4

Securities

67



   Post-Employment Benefit Plans

84



Note 5

Loans and Allowances for Credit Losses

68


Note 14

Income Taxes

85



Note 6

Other Assets

79


Note 15

Earnings Per Share

85



Note 7

Deposits

80


Note 16

Segment Disclosures

86



Note 8

Other Liabilities

80


Note 17

Event After the Consolidated Balance Sheet Date

87



Note 9

Subordinated Debt

80









Note 1 - Basis of Presentation

 

On May 30, 2023, the Board of Directors authorized the publication of the Bank's unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements (the consolidated financial statements) for the quarter and six-month period ended April 30, 2023.

 

The Bank's consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The financial statements also comply with section 308(4) of the Bank Act (Canada), which states that, except as otherwise specified by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (Canada) (OSFI), the consolidated financial statements are to be prepared in accordance with IFRS. IFRS represent Canadian generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). None of the OSFI accounting requirements are exceptions to IFRS.

 

These consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with IAS 34 - Interim Financial Reporting and using the same accounting policies as those described in Note 1 to the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2022. Since these interim consolidated financial statements do not include all of the annual financial statement disclosures required under IFRS, they should be read in conjunction with the audited annual consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended October 31, 2022. Future accounting policy changes that have not yet come into effect are described in Note 2 to the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2022.

 

Certain comparative amounts have been adjusted to reflect an accounting policy change related to cloud computing arrangements, as described in Note 1 to the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2022.

 

Judgment, Estimates and Assumptions

In preparing consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS, management must exercise judgment and make estimates and assumptions that affect the reporting date carrying amounts of assets and liabilities, net income, and related information. Some of the Bank's accounting policies, such as measurement of expected credit losses (ECLs), require particularly complex judgments and estimates. See Note 1 to the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2022 for a summary of the most significant estimation processes used to prepare the consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS and for the valuation techniques used to determine the carrying values and fair values of assets and liabilities.

 

The geopolitical landscape, rising inflation, higher interest rates, and the Russia-Ukraine war continue to create uncertainty. As a result, establishing reliable estimates and applying judgment continue to be substantially complex. The uncertainty regarding certain key inputs used in measuring ECLs is described in Note 5 to these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

Unless otherwise indicated, all amounts are expressed in Canadian dollars, which is the Bank's functional and presentation currency.

 

Note 2 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

Fair Value and Carrying Value of Financial Instruments by Category

 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value or at amortized cost in accordance with the categories set out in the accounting framework for financial instruments.

 



 

 

 




 


 

 

As at April 30, 2023







Carrying value

and fair value

 

Carrying value


Fair

value

 

Total carrying value

Total

fair

value







Financial instruments classified as at fair value through profit or loss

 

Financial instruments designated at fair value through profit or loss

 

Debt securities classified as at fair value through other comprehensive income

 

Equity securities

 designated at

fair value

through other

comprehensive

income

 

Financial instruments at amortized cost, net

 

Financial instruments at amortized cost, net

 







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Financial assets


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Cash and deposits with financial


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



 

institutions


 

 

 

 

42,501

 

42,501

 

42,501

42,501



 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Securities


92,256

 

855

 

9,144

 

568

 

14,099

 

13,741

 

116,922

116,564







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Securities purchased under reverse


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 




repurchase agreements


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 




and securities borrowed


 

39

 

 

 

16,788

 

16,788

 

16,827

16,827







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Loans and acceptances, net of allowances


11,567

 

 

 

 

204,197

 

202,275

 

215,764

213,842







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Other


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Derivative financial instruments


14,058

 

 

 

 

 

 

14,058

14,058



Other assets


80

 

 

 

 

3,758

 

3,758

 

3,838

3,838







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Financial liabilities


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Deposits(1)


 

18,625

 

 

 

 

 

262,889

 

262,273

 

281,514

280,898







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Other


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Acceptances


 

 

 

 

 

 

6,567

 

6,567

 

6,567

6,567



Obligations related to securities sold short


18,721

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18,721

18,721






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Obligations related to securities sold under


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 




repurchase agreements and


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 




securities loaned


 

 

 

 

 

 

38,057

 

38,057

 

38,057

38,057



Derivative financial instruments


16,865

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

16,865

16,865



Liabilities related to transferred receivables


 

10,419

 

 

 

 

 

15,563

 

15,033

 

25,982

25,452



Other liabilities


 

 

 

 

 

 

3,109

 

3,106

 

3,109

3,106







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Subordinated debt


 

 

 

 

 

 

748

 

757

 

748

757


 

(1)       Includes embedded derivative financial instruments.

 



Note 2 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (cont.)

 













As at October 31, 2022







Carrying value and

fair value


Carrying value


Fair

value


Total carrying value

Total

fair

value







Financial instruments classified as at fair value through profit or loss


Financial instruments designated at fair value through profit or loss


Debt securities classified as at fair value through other comprehensive income


Equity securities

 designated at

 fair value

through other

comprehensive

income


Financial instruments at amortized cost, net


Financial instruments at amortized cost, net























Financial assets


















Cash and deposits with financial


















 

institutions






31,870


31,870


31,870

31,870



 

 

 


















Securities


86,338


1,037


8,272


556


13,516


13,007


109,719

109,210























Securities purchased under reverse



















repurchase agreements



















and securities borrowed






26,486


26,486


26,486

26,486























Loans and acceptances, net of allowances


10,516





196,228


190,955


206,744

201,471























Other


















Derivative financial instruments


18,547







18,547

18,547



Other assets


87





3,221


3,221


3,308

3,308






















Financial liabilities


















Deposits(1)



15,355






251,039


249,937


266,394

265,292























Other


















Acceptances








6,541


6,541


6,541

6,541



Obligations related to securities sold short


21,817









21,817

21,817






















Obligations related to securities sold under



















repurchase agreements and



















securities loaned








33,473


33,473


33,473

33,473



Derivative financial instruments


19,632









19,632

19,632



Liabilities related to transferred receivables



11,352






14,925


14,137


26,277

25,489



Other liabilities








2,632


2,627


2,632

2,627























Subordinated debt








1,499


1,478


1,499

1,478


 

(1)       Includes embedded derivative financial instruments.

 

Establishing Fair Value

 

The fair value of a financial instrument is the price that would be received to sell a financial asset or paid to transfer a financial liability in an orderly transaction in the principal market at the measurement date under current market conditions (i.e., an exit price).

 

Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets provide the best evidence of fair value. When there is no quoted price in an active market, the Bank applies other valuation techniques that maximize the use of relevant observable inputs and that minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Such valuation techniques include the following: using information available from recent market transactions, referring to the current fair value of a comparable financial instrument, applying discounted cash flow analysis, applying option pricing models, or relying on any other valuation technique that is commonly used by market participants and has proven to yield reliable estimates. Judgment is required when applying many of the valuation techniques. The Bank's valuations were based on its assessment of the conditions prevailing as at April 30, 2023 and may change in the future. Furthermore, there may be measurement uncertainty resulting from the choice of valuation model used.

 

Fair value is established in accordance with a rigorous control framework. The Bank has policies and procedures that govern the process for determining fair value. The Bank's valuation governance structure has remained largely unchanged from that described in Note 3 to the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2022. The valuation techniques used to determine the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities are also described in this note, and no significant changes have been made to the valuation techniques.

Financial Instruments Recorded at Fair Value on the Consolidated Balance Sheet

 

Hierarchy of Fair Value Measurements

IFRS establishes a fair value measurement hierarchy that classifies the inputs used in financial instrument fair value measurement techniques according to three levels. This fair value hierarchy requires observable market inputs in an active market to be used whenever such inputs exist. According to the hierarchy, the highest level of inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments and the lowest level of inputs are unobservable inputs. If inputs from different levels of the hierarchy are used, the financial instrument is classified in the same level as the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. For additional information, see Note 3 to the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2022.

 

Transfers of financial instruments between Levels 1 and 2 and transfers to (or from) Level 3 are deemed to have taken place at the beginning of the quarter in which the transfer occurred. Significant transfers can occur between the fair value hierarchy levels due to new information on inputs used to determine fair value and the observable nature of those inputs.

 

During the quarter ended April 30, 2023, $1 million in securities classified as at fair value through profit or loss were transferred from Level 2 to Level 1 as a result of changing market conditions ($21 million in securities classified as at fair value through profit or loss during the quarter ended April 30, 2022). Also, during the quarter ended April 30, 2023, $2 million in securities classified as at fair value through profit or loss were transferred from Level 1 to Level 2 as a result of changing market conditions ($3 million in securities classified as at fair value through profit or loss during the quarter ended April 30, 2022). During the six-month periods ended April 30, 2023 and 2022, financial instruments were transferred to (or from) Level 3 due to changes in the availability of observable market inputs as a result of changing market conditions.

 

The following tables show financial instruments recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheet according to the fair value hierarchy.

 









As at April 30, 2023

 







Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Total financial assets/liabilities at fair value








 

 

 

 





Financial assets


 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Securities


 

 

 

 

 

 

 




At fair value through profit or loss


 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Securities issued or guaranteed by


 

 

 

 

 

 

 






Canadian government


4,389

 

10,211

 

 

14,600






Canadian provincial and municipal governments


 

8,731

 

 

8,731






U.S. Treasury, other U.S. agencies and other foreign governments


3,997

 

3,319

 

 

7,316





Other debt securities


 

3,911

 

79

 

3,990





Equity securities


57,525

 

524

 

425

 

58,474








65,911

 

26,696

 

504

 

93,111



 

At fair value through other comprehensive income


 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Securities issued or guaranteed by


 

 

 

 

 

 

 






Canadian government


81

 

4,008

 

 

4,089






Canadian provincial and municipal governments


 

2,457

 

 

2,457






U.S. Treasury, other U.S. agencies and other foreign governments


805

 

215

 

 

1,020





Other debt securities


 

1,578

 

 

1,578





Equity securities


 

237

 

331

 

568








886

 

8,495

 

331

 

9,712



Securities purchased under reverse repurchase agreements and


 

 

 

 

 

 

 




securities borrowed


 

39

 

 

39






 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Loans


 

11,330

 

237

 

11,567






 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Other


 

 

 

 

 

 

 




Derivative financial instruments


260

 

13,786

 

12

 

14,058




Other assets - Other items


 

 

80

 

80


 


67,057

 

60,346

 

1,164

 

128,567








 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Financial liabilities


 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

Deposits(1)


 

18,639

 

 

18,639


 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

Other


 

 

 

 

 

 

 




Obligations related to securities sold short


13,365

 

5,356

 

 

18,721




Derivative financial instruments


413

 

16,439

 

13

 

16,865




Liabilities related to transferred receivables


 

10,419

 

 

10,419


 


13,778

 

50,853

 

13

 

64,644


 

(1)       The amounts include the fair value of embedded derivative financial instruments in deposits.

 



 

Note 2 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (cont.)

 









As at October 31, 2022

 







Level 1


Level 2


Level 3

 

Total financial

assets/liabilities

at fair value








 

 

 

 





Financial assets











Securities












At fair value through profit or loss













Securities issued or guaranteed by














Canadian government


4,736


8,186



12,922






Canadian provincial and municipal governments



9,260



9,260






U.S. Treasury, other U.S. agencies and other foreign governments


10,639


4,445



15,084





Other debt securities



3,324


60


3,384





Equity securities


45,805


504


416


46,725








61,180


25,719


476


87,375




At fair value through other comprehensive income













Securities issued or guaranteed by














Canadian government


21


3,191



3,212






Canadian provincial and municipal governments



1,970



1,970






U.S. Treasury, other U.S. agencies and other foreign governments


1,687


191



1,878





Other debt securities



1,212



1,212





Equity securities



236


320


556








1,708


6,800


320


8,828






 











Loans



10,272


244


10,516






 











Other












Derivative financial instruments


342


18,204


1


18,547




Other assets - Other items




87


87





 


63,230


60,995


1,128


125,353
















Financial liabilities











Deposits(1)



15,424


8


15,432





 

 










 

Other












Obligations related to securities sold short


15,213


6,604



21,817




Derivative financial instruments


625


18,989


18


19,632




Liabilities related to transferred receivables



11,352



11,352





 


15,838


52,369


26


68,233


 

(1)       The amounts include the fair value of embedded derivative financial instruments in deposits.

 

Financial Instruments Classified in Level 3

 

The Bank classifies financial instruments in Level 3 when the valuation technique is based on at least one significant input that is not observable in the markets. The Bank maximizes the use of observable inputs to determine the fair value of financial instruments.

 

For a description of the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in determining the fair value of financial instruments classified in Level 3, see Note 3 to the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2022. For the quarter and six-month period ended April 30, 2023, no significant change was made to the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in determining fair value.

 

Sensitivity Analysis of Financial Instruments Classified in Level 3

The Bank performs sensitivity analyses for the fair value measurements of Level 3 financial instruments, substituting unobservable inputs with one or more reasonably possible alternative assumptions. For additional information on how a change in an unobservable input might affect the fair value measurements of Level 3 financial instruments, see Note 3 to the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2022. For the six-month period ended April 30, 2023, there were no significant changes in the sensitivity analyses of Level 3 financial instruments.

 



Change in the Fair Value of Financial Instruments Classified in Level 3

The Bank may hedge the fair value of financial instruments classified in the various levels through offsetting hedge positions. Gains and losses on financial instruments classified in Level 3 presented in the following tables do not reflect the inverse gains and losses on financial instruments used for economic hedging purposes that may have been classified in Level 1 or Level 2 by the Bank. In addition, the Bank may hedge the fair value of financial instruments classified in Level 3 using other financial instruments classified in Level 3. The effect of these hedges is not included in the net amount presented in the following tables. The gains and losses presented hereafter may comprise changes in fair value based on observable and unobservable inputs.

 



 

 

 

 

 

 

Six months ended April 30, 2023

 




Securities

at fair value

through profit

or loss

 

Securities

at fair value

through other

comprehensive

income

 

Loans and

other assets

 

Derivative

financial

instruments(1)

 

Deposits(2)

 

Fair value as at October 31, 2022


476

 

320

 

331

 

(17)

 

(8)

 

Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in Net income (3)


1

 

 

4

 

4

 

 

Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 Other comprehensive income


 

11

 

 

 

 

Purchases


36

 

 

 

 

 

Sales


(9)

 

 

 

 

 

Issuances


 

 

12

 

 

 

Settlements and other


 

 

(30)

 

7

 

 

Financial instruments transferred into Level 3


 

 

 

2

 

 

 

Financial instruments transferred out of Level 3


 

 

 

3

 

8

 

Fair value as at April 30, 2023

 

504

 

331

 

317

 

(1)

 

 

Change in unrealized gains and losses included in Net income with respect


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


to financial assets and financial liabilities held as at April 30, 2023(4)


13

 

 

4

 

4

 

 

 









Six months ended April 30, 2022





Securities

at fair value

through profit

or loss


Securities

at fair value

through other

comprehensive

income


Loans and

other assets


Derivative

financial

instruments(1)


Deposits(2)


Fair value as at October 31, 2021


471


306


297


2



Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in Net income (5)


22



(20)


(6)


2


Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in













 Other comprehensive income



6





Purchases


31


7


71




Sales


(26)






Issuances




10




Settlements and other




7


(4)



Financial instruments transferred into Level 3




1


1


(3)


Financial instruments transferred out of Level 3


(12)






Fair value as at April 30, 2022

 

486

 

319


366


(7)


(1)


Change in unrealized gains and losses included in Net income with respect













to financial assets and financial liabilities held as at April 30, 2022(6)


15


12


(20)


(6)


2


 

(1)      The derivative financial instruments include assets and liabilities presented on a net basis.

(2)      The amounts include the fair value of embedded derivative financial instruments in deposits.

(3)      Total gains (losses) included in Non-interest income was a gain of $9 million.

(4)      Total unrealized gains (losses) included in Non-interest income was an unrealized gain of $21 million.

(5)      Total gains (losses) included in Non-interest income was a loss of $2 million.

(6)      Total unrealized gains (losses) included in Non-interest income was an unrealized gain of $3 million.

 

Note 3 - Financial Instruments Designated at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss

 

The Bank chose to designate certain financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss according to the criteria presented in Note 1 to the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2022. Consistent with its risk management strategy and in accordance with the fair value option, which permits the designation if it eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would otherwise arise from measuring financial assets and financial liabilities or recognizing the gains and losses thereon on different bases, the Bank designated certain securities, certain securities purchased under reverse repurchase agreements, and certain liabilities related to transferred receivables at fair value through profit or loss. The fair value of liabilities related to transferred receivables does not include credit risk, as the holders of these liabilities are not exposed to the Bank's credit risk. The Bank also designated certain deposits that include embedded derivative financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss.

 

To determine a change in fair value arising from a change in the credit risk of deposits designated at fair value through profit or loss, the Bank calculates, at the beginning of the period, the present value of the instrument's contractual cash flows using the following rates: first, an observed discount rate for similar securities that reflects the Bank's credit spread and, then, a rate that excludes the Bank's credit spread. The difference obtained between the two values is then compared to the difference obtained using the same rates at the end of the period.

 

Information about the financial assets and financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss is provided in the following tables.

 

 


Carrying

value as at

April 30, 2023

 

Unrealized

gains (losses) for

the quarter ended

April 30, 2023

 

Unrealized

gains (losses) for

the six months ended

April 30, 2023

 

Unrealized

gains (losses) since

the initial recognition

of the instrument

 

Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss











Securities


855

 

3

 

10

 

3

 


Securities purchased under reverse repurchase agreements


39

 

 

 

 

 

 

894

 

3

 

10

 

3

 

Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Deposits(1)(2)


18,625

 

66

 

(1,066)

 

2,071

 


Liabilities related to transferred receivables


10,419

 

(7)

 

(107)

 

410

 

.


29,044

 

59

 

(1,173)

 

2,481

 

























Carrying

value as at

April 30, 2022


Unrealized

gains (losses) for

the quarter ended

April 30, 2022


Unrealized

gains (losses) for

the six months ended

April 30, 2022


Unrealized

gains (losses) since

the initial recognition

of the instrument

 

 

Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss










 


Securities


1,164


(36)


(46)


(20)


 

Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss










 


Deposits(1)(2)


13,735


1,526


1,675


1,601


 


Liabilities related to transferred receivables


10,324


273


325


351


 

 


24,059


1,799


2,000


1,952


 

 

(1)       For the quarter ended April 30, 2023, the change in the fair value of deposits designated at fair value through profit or loss attributable to credit risk, and recorded in Other comprehensive income, resulted in a loss of $27 million ($412 million gain for the quarter ended April 30, 2022). For the six-month period ended April 30, 2023, the corresponding change in this item resulted in a loss of $219 million ($441 million gain for the six-month period ended April 30, 2022). 

(2)       The amount at maturity that the Bank will be contractually required to pay to the holders of these deposits varies and will differ from the reporting date fair value.

Note 4 - Securities

 

Credit Quality

 

As at April 30, 2023 and as at October 31, 2022, securities at fair value through other comprehensive income and securities at amortized cost were mainly classified in Stage 1, with their credit quality falling mostly in the "Excellent" category according to the Bank's internal risk-rating categories. For additional information on the reconciliation of allowances for credit losses, see Note 5 to these consolidated financial statements.

 

Unrealized Gross Gains (Losses) on Securities at Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income

 


 

As at April 30, 2023

 




Amortized

cost

 

Gross unrealized gains

 

Gross unrealized losses

 

Carrying

value(1)

 




 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Securities issued or guaranteed by











Canadian government


4,220

 

8

 

(139)

 

4,089



Canadian provincial and municipal governments


2,520

 

23

 

(86)

 

2,457



U.S. Treasury, other U.S. agencies and other foreign governments


1,054

 

8

 

(42)

 

1,020


Other debt securities


1,670

 

3

 

(95)

 

1,578


Equity securities


568

 

17

 

(17)

 

568




10,032

 

59

 

(379)

 

9,712


 


 

As at October 31, 2022





Amortized

cost


Gross unrealized gains


Gross unrealized losses


Carrying

value(1)













Securities issued or guaranteed by











Canadian government


3,386


1


(175)


3,212



Canadian provincial and municipal governments


2,129


1


(160)


1,970



U.S. Treasury, other U.S. agencies and other foreign governments


2,022



(144)


1,878


Other debt securities


1,355



(143)


1,212


Equity securities


570


21


(35)


556




9,462


23


(657)


8,828


 

(1)        The allowances for credit losses on securities at fair value through other comprehensive income (excluding the equity securities), representing $2 million as at April 30, 2023 ($2 million as at October 31, 2022), are reported in Other comprehensive income. For additional information, see Note 5 to these consolidated financial statements.

 

Equity Securities Designated at Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income

The Bank designated certain equity securities, the main business objective of which is to generate dividend income, at fair value through other comprehensive income without subsequent reclassification of gains and losses to net income. During the six-month period ended April 30, 2023, a dividend income amount of $12 million was recognized for these investments ($7 million for the six-month period ended April 30, 2022), including amounts of $1 million for investments that were sold during the six-month period ended April 30, 2023 ($1 million for investments that were sold during the six-month period ended April 30, 2022).

 




 

Six months ended April 30, 2023

 

Six months ended April 30, 2022





 

Equity securities of private companies

 

Equity securities of

public companies

 

Total

 

Equity securities of private companies


Equity securities of

public companies


Total





 

 

 

 

 

 

 







Fair value at beginning

 

320

 

236

 

556

 

306


311


617



Change in fair value

 

11

 

(3)

 

8

 

6


(29)


(23)



Designated at fair value through


 

 

 

 

 

 









other comprehensive income


 

44

 

44

 

7


44


51



Sales(1)

 

 

(40)

 

(40)

 


(71)


(71)


Fair value at end

 

331

 

237

 

568

 

319


255


574


 

(1)       The Bank disposed of private and public company equity securities for economic reasons.

 

Note 4 - Securities (cont.)

 

Securities at Amortized Cost

 


As at April 30, 2023

 

As at October 31, 2022

 



 

 

 

 

Securities issued or guaranteed by

 





Canadian government

5,630


5,737



Canadian provincial and municipal governments

1,890


1,826



U.S. Treasury, other U.S. agencies and other foreign governments

545


150


Other debt securities

6,042


5,810


Gross carrying value

14,107


13,523


Allowances for credit losses

8


7


Carrying value

14,099


13,516


 

Gains (Losses) on Disposals of Securities at Amortized Cost

 

During the six-month period ended April 30, 2023, the Bank did not dispose of any securities measured at amortized cost. During the six-month period ended April 30, 2022, the Bank had sold certain debt securities measured at amortized cost. The carrying value of these securities upon disposal was $287 million, and the Bank had recognized gains of $4 million in Non-interest income - Gains (losses) on non-trading securities, net in the Consolidated Statement of Income. 



Note 5 - Loans and Allowances for Credit Losses

 

Determining and Measuring Expected Credit Losses (ECL)

 

Determining Expected Credit Losses

Expected credit losses are determined using a three-stage impairment approach that is based on the change in the credit quality of financial assets since initial recognition.

 

Non-Impaired Loans

Stage 1

Financial assets that have experienced no significant increase in credit risk between initial recognition and the reporting date, and for which 12-month expected credit losses are recorded at the reporting date, are classified in Stage 1.

 

Stage 2

Financial assets that have experienced a significant increase in credit risk between initial recognition and the reporting date, and for which lifetime expected credit losses are recorded at the reporting date, are classified in Stage 2.

 

Impaired Loans

Stage 3

Financial assets for which there is objective evidence of impairment, for which one or more events have had a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of these financial assets at the reporting date, and for which lifetime expected credit losses are recorded, are classified in Stage 3.

 

POCI

Financial assets that are credit-impaired when purchased or originated (POCI) are classified in the POCI category.

 

For additional information, see Notes 1 and 7 to the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2022.

 

Credit Quality of Loans

 

The following tables present the gross carrying amounts of loans as at April 30, 2023 and as at October 31, 2022, according to credit quality and ECL impairment stage of each loan category at amortized cost, and according to credit quality for loans at fair value through profit or loss. For additional information on credit quality according to the Internal Ratings-Based (IRB) categories, see the Internal Default Risk Ratings table on page 78 in the Credit Risk section of the 2022 Annual Report.

 




 

 

 

 

 

 

As at April 30, 2023

 




Non-impaired loans

 

Impaired loans

 

Loans at fair value

through profit or loss(1)

 

Total

 




Stage 1

 

Stage 2

 

Stage 3

 

POCI

 

 

 

Residential mortgage

 














Excellent


29,851

 

1

 

 

 

 

29,852



Good


16,937

 

140

 

 

 

 

17,077



Satisfactory


10,545

 

3,832

 

 

 

 

14,377



Special mention


359

 

744

 

 

 

 

1,103



Substandard


57

 

196

 

 

 

 

253



Default


 

 

53

 

 

 

53


IRB Approach


57,749

 

4,913

 

53

 

 

 

62,715


Standardized Approach


8,743

 

198

 

204

 

335

 

11,246

 

20,726


Gross carrying amount


66,492

 

5,111

 

257

 

335

 

11,246

 

83,441


Allowances for credit losses(2)


64

 

81

 

63

 

(67)

 

 

141


Carrying amount

 

66,428

 

5,030

 

194

 

402

 

11,246

 

83,300



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Personal

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Excellent


21,692

 

20

 

 

 

 

21,712



Good


8,262

 

652

 

 

 

 

8,914



Satisfactory


5,985

 

1,797

 

 

 

 

7,782



Special mention


1,905

 

804

 

 

 

 

2,709



Substandard


27

 

208

 

 

 

 

235



Default


 

 

149

 

 

 

149


IRB Approach


37,871

 

3,481

 

149

 

 

 

41,501


Standardized Approach


3,575

 

80

 

44

 

55

 

 

3,754


Gross carrying amount


41,446

 

3,561

 

193

 

55

 

 

45,255


Allowances for credit losses(2)


79

 

110

 

83

 

(10)

 

 

262


Carrying amount

 

41,367

 

3,451

 

110

 

65

 

 

44,993



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Credit card

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Excellent


629

 

 

 

 

 

629



Good


360

 

1

 

 

 

 

361



Satisfactory


701

 

59

 

 

 

 

760



Special mention


276

 

191

 

 

 

 

467



Substandard


37

 

79

 

 

 

 

116



Default


 

 

 

 

 


IRB Approach


2,003

 

330

 

 

 

 

2,333


Standardized Approach


100

 

 

 

 

 

100


Gross carrying amount


2,103

 

330

 

 

 

 

2,433


Allowances for credit losses(2)


33

 

101

 

 

 

 

134


Carrying amount

 

2,070

 

229

 

 

 

 

2,299





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Business and government(3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Excellent


7,922

 

 

 

 

103

 

8,025



Good


27,987

 

1

 

 

 

53

 

28,041



Satisfactory


31,328

 

6,354

 

 

 

138

 

37,820



Special mention


150

 

1,697

 

 

 

 

1,847



Substandard


10

 

259

 

301

 

 

 

570



Default


 

 

43

 

 

 

43


IRB Approach


67,397

 

8,311

 

344

 

 

294

 

76,346


Standardized Approach


9,255

 

57

 

20

 

 

27

 

9,359


Gross carrying amount


76,652

 

8,368

 

364

 

 

321

 

85,705


Allowances for credit losses(2)


163

 

179

 

191

 

 

 

533


Carrying amount

 

76,489

 

8,189

 

173

 

 

321

 

85,172


Total loans and acceptances

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Gross carrying amount

 

186,693

 

17,370

 

814

 

390

 

11,567

 

216,834


Allowances for credit losses(2)

 

339

 

471

 

337

 

(77)

 

 

1,070


Carrying amount

 

186,354

 

16,899

 

477

 

467

 

11,567

 

215,764


 

(1)        Not subject to expected credit losses.

(2)        The allowances for credit losses do not include the amounts related to undrawn commitments reported in the Other liabilities item of the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(3)        Includes customers' liability under acceptances.

 

 

Note 5 - Loans and Allowances for Credit Losses (cont.)

 










As at October 31, 2022





Non-impaired loans


Impaired loans


Loans at fair value

through profit or loss(1)


Total





Stage 1


Stage 2


Stage 3


POCI




Residential mortgage

 














Excellent


30,465






30,465



Good


16,351


12





16,363



Satisfactory


10,765


3,269





14,034



Special mention


609


394





1,003



Substandard


76


140





216



Default




49




49


AIRB Approach


58,266


3,815


49




62,130


Standardized Approach


7,266


179


211


384


9,959


17,999


Gross carrying amount


65,532


3,994


260


384


9,959


80,129


Allowances for credit losses(2)


53


80


61


(76)



118


Carrying amount

 

65,479


3,914


199


460


9,959


80,011



 

 













Personal

 














Excellent


22,190


22





22,212



Good


8,792


479





9,271



Satisfactory


6,928


1,394





8,322



Special mention


358


775





1,133



Substandard


26


203





229



Default




130




130


AIRB Approach


38,294


2,873


130




41,297


Standardized Approach


3,837


78


36


75



4,026


Gross carrying amount


42,131


2,951


166


75



45,323


Allowances for credit losses(2)


67


113


75


(16)



239


Carrying amount

 

42,064


2,838


91


91



45,084



 

 













Credit card

 














Excellent


600






600



Good


359






359



Satisfactory


689


51





740



Special mention


287


178





465



Substandard


37


71





108



Default








AIRB Approach


1,972


300





2,272


Standardized Approach


117






117


Gross carrying amount


2,089


300





2,389


Allowances for credit losses(2)


31


95





126


Carrying amount

 

2,058


205





2,263

















Business and government(3)

 














Excellent


6,140


2




147


6,289



Good


27,607


112




53


27,772



Satisfactory


26,567


8,803




145


35,515



Special mention


75


1,172





1,247



Substandard


41


272





313



Default




367




367


AIRB Approach


60,430


10,361


367



345


71,503


Standardized Approach


8,096


28


19



212


8,355


Gross carrying amount


68,526


10,389


386



557


79,858


Allowances for credit losses(2)


115


160


197




472


Carrying amount

 

68,411


10,229


189



557


79,386


Total loans and acceptances

 













Gross carrying amount

 

178,278


17,634


812


459


10,516


207,699


Allowances for credit losses(2)

 

266


448


333


(92)



955


Carrying amount

 

178,012


17,186


479


551


10,516


206,744


 

(1)        Not subject to expected credit losses.

(2)        The allowances for credit losses do not include the amounts related to undrawn commitments reported in the Other liabilities item of the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(3)        Includes customers' liability under acceptances.

 



The following table presents the credit risk exposures of off-balance-sheet commitments as at April 30, 2023 and as at October 31, 2022 according to credit quality and ECL impairment stage.

 


 

 

 

As at April 30, 2023

 





As at October 31, 2022



 

Stage 1

 

Stage 2

 

Stage 3

 

Total

 

Stage 1


Stage 2


Stage 3


Total


Off-balance-sheet commitments(1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 









Retail

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 










Excellent

15,821

 

14

 

 

15,835


15,292


13



15,305



Good

3,397

 

203

 

 

3,600


3,316


165



3,481



Satisfactory

1,224

 

209

 

 

1,433


1,170


180



1,350



Special mention

224

 

78

 

 

302


193


68



261



Substandard

17

 

17

 

 

34


15


15



30



Default

 

 

1

 

1




1


1


Non-retail

 

 

 

 

 

 

 











Excellent

14,795

 

 

 

14,795


13,136




13,136



Good

19,544

 

 

 

19,544


18,723


24



18,747



Satisfactory

10,800

 

3,210

 

 

14,010


7,894


3,488



11,382



Special mention

15

 

277

 

 

292


12


246



258



Substandard

6

 

24

 

 

30


4


24



28



Default

 

 

1

 

1




18


18


IRB Approach

65,843

 

4,032

 

2

 

69,877


59,755


4,223


19


63,997


Standardized Approach

16,617

 

 

9

 

16,626


15,432




15,432


Total exposure

82,460

 

4,032

 

11

 

86,503


75,187


4,223


19


79,429


Allowances for credit losses

94

 

54

 

 

148


99


63



162


Total exposure, net

 

 

 

 

 

 

 











 of allowances

82,366

 

3,978

 

11

 

86,355


75,088


4,160


19


79,267


 

(1)       Represent letters of guarantee and documentary letters of credit, undrawn commitments, and backstop liquidity and credit enhancement facilities.

 

Loans Past Due But Not Impaired(1)

 


 

 

As at April 30, 2023






As at October 31, 2022





Residential

mortgage

 

Personal

 

Credit card


Business and

government(2)


Residential

mortgage


Personal


Credit card


Business and

government(2)





 

 

 

 

 


 










Past due but not impaired


 




 













31 to 60 days


70

 

94

 

24

 

13

 

106


105


23


23



61 to 90 days


41

 

41

 

13

 

18

 

38


30


11


9



Over 90 days(3)


 

 

27

 

 



22



 

 

111

 

135

 

64

 

31

 

144


135


56


32


 

(1)       Loans less than 31 days past due are not presented as they are not considered past due from an administrative standpoint.

(2)       Includes customers' liability under acceptances.

(3)       All loans more than 90 days past due, except for credit card receivables, are considered impaired (Stage 3).

 

Impaired Loans

 

 

 

 

As at April 30, 2023


As at October 31, 2022

 



Gross

 

Allowances for

credit losses

 

Net


Gross


Allowances for

credit losses


Net




 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 



Loans - Stage 3

 

 

 

 

 









Residential mortgage

257

 

63

 

194


260


61


199



Personal

193

 

83

 

110


166


75


91



Credit card(1)

 

 






Business and government(2)

364

 

191

 

173


386


197


189


 

814

 

337

 

477


812


333


479


Loans - POCI

390

 

(77)

 

467


459


(92)


551




1,204

 

260

 

944


1,271


241


1,030


 

(1)        Credit card receivables are considered impaired, at the latest, when payment is 180 days past due, and they are written off at that time.

(2)        Includes customers' liability under acceptances.

 

Note 5 - Loans and Allowances for Credit Losses (cont.)

 

Allowances for Credit Losses

 

The following tables present a reconciliation of the allowances for credit losses by Consolidated Balance Sheet item and by type of off-balance-sheet commitment.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Quarter ended April 30, 2023

 



Allowances for

credit losses as at

January 31, 2023


Provisions for

credit losses


Write-offs(1)

 

Disposals


Recoveries

and other


Allowances for

credit losses as at

 April 30, 2023

 



 


 


 

 

 


 


 

 

Balance sheet

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Cash and deposits with financial institutions(2)(3)

5

 

2

 

 

 

 

7

 

Securities(3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


At fair value through other comprehensive income(4)

1

 

1

 

 

 

 

2

 


At amortized cost(2)

8

 

 

 

 

 

8

 

Securities purchased under reverse repurchase

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

agreements and securities borrowed(2)(3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans(5)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Residential mortgage

135

 

6

 

 

 

 

141

 


Personal

257

 

21

 

(21)

 

 

5

 

262

 


Credit card

136

 

14

 

(20)

 

 

4

 

134

 


Business and government

432

 

63

 

(3)

 

 

3

 

495

 


Customers' liability under acceptances

47

 

(9)

 

 

 

 

38

 



1,007

 

95

 

(44)

 

 

12

 

1,070

 

Other assets(2)(3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Off-balance-sheet commitments(6)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Letters of guarantee and documentary letters of credit

13

 

(2)

 

 

 

 

11

 

Undrawn commitments

142

 

(11)

 

 

 

 

131

 

Backstop liquidity and credit enhancement facilities

6

 

 

 

 

 

6

 



161

 

(13)

 

 

 

 

148

 

 

1,182

 

85

 

(44)

 

 

12

 

1,235

 

 

 

 









Quarter ended April 30, 2022




Allowances for

credit losses as at

January 31, 2022


Provisions for

credit losses


Write-offs(1)


Disposals


Recoveries

and other


Allowances for

credit losses as at

 April 30, 2022
















Balance sheet













Cash and deposits with financial institutions(2)(3)

7


(2)





5


Securities(3)














At fair value through other comprehensive income(4)

1






1



At amortized cost(2)

5


1





6


Securities purchased under reverse repurchase













 

agreements and securities borrowed(2)(3)







Loans(5)














Residential mortgage

80


1


(1)



1


81



Personal

212


11


(12)



4


215



Credit card

124


8


(15)



5


122



Business and government

451


10


(14)



1


448



Customers' liability under acceptances

61


(12)





49




928


18


(42)



11


915


Other assets(2)(3)







Off-balance-sheet commitments(6)













Letters of guarantee and documentary letters of credit

10


1





11


Undrawn commitments

130


(15)





115


Backstop liquidity and credit enhancement facilities

5






5




145


(14)





131


 

1,086


3


(42)



11


1,058


 

(1)    The contractual amount outstanding on financial assets that were written off during the quarter ended April 30, 2023 and that are still subject to enforcement activity was $27 million ($25 million for the quarter ended April 30, 2022).

(2)    These financial assets are presented net of the allowances for credit losses on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(3)    As at April 30, 2023 and 2022, these financial assets were mainly classified in Stage 1 and their credit quality fell mostly within the Excellent category.

(4)    The allowances for credit losses are reported in the Accumulated other comprehensive income item of the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(5)    The allowances for credit losses are reported in the Allowances for credit losses item of the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(6)    The allowances for credit losses are reported in the Other liabilities item of the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six months ended April 30, 2023

 



Allowances for

credit losses as at

October 31, 2022


Provisions for

credit losses


Write-offs(1)

 

Disposals


Recoveries

and other


Allowances for

credit losses as at

 April 30, 2023

 



 


 


 

 

 


 


 

 

Balance sheet

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Cash and deposits with financial institutions(2)(3)

5

 

2

 

 

 

 

7

 

Securities(3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


At fair value through other comprehensive income(4)

2

 

 

 

 

 

2

 


At amortized cost(2)

7

 

1

 

 

 

 

8

 

Securities purchased under reverse repurchase

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

agreements and securities borrowed(2)(3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans(5)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Residential mortgage

118

 

25

 

(1)

 

 

(1)

 

141

 


Personal

239

 

52

 

(37)

 

 

8

 

262

 


Credit card

126

 

39

 

(38)

 

 

7

 

134

 


Business and government

418

 

82

 

(8)

 

 

3

 

495

 


Customers' liability under acceptances

54

 

(16)

 

 

 

 

38

 



955

 

182

 

(84)

 

 

17

 

1,070

 

Other assets(2)(3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Off-balance-sheet commitments(6)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Letters of guarantee and documentary letters of credit

13

 

(2)

 

 

 

 

11

 

Undrawn commitments

143

 

(12)

 

 

 

 

131

 

Backstop liquidity and credit enhancement facilities

6

 

 

 

 

 

6

 



162

 

(14)

 

 

 

 

148

 

 

1,131

 

171

 

(84)

 

 

17

 

1,235

 

 

 

 









Six months ended April 30, 2022




Allowances for

credit losses as at

October 31, 2021


Provisions for

credit losses


Write-offs(1)


Disposals


Recoveries

and other


Allowances for

credit losses as at

April 30, 2022
















Balance sheet













Cash and deposits with financial institutions(2)(3)

5






5


Securities(3)














At fair value through other comprehensive income(4)

1






1



At amortized cost(2)

3


3





6


Securities purchased under reverse repurchase













 

agreements and securities borrowed(2)(3)







Loans(5)














Residential mortgage

71


11


(2)



1


81



Personal

202


26


(23)



10


215



Credit card

122


21


(30)



9


122



Business and government

515


10


(81)



4


448



Customers' liability under acceptances

88


(39)





49




998


29


(136)



24


915


Other assets(2)(3)







 














Off-balance-sheet commitments(6)













Letters of guarantee and documentary letters of credit

13


(2)





11


Undrawn commitments

143


(28)





115


Backstop liquidity and credit enhancement facilities

6


(1)





5




162


(31)





131


 

1,169


1


(136)



24


1,058


 

(1)    The contractual amount outstanding on financial assets that were written off during the six-month period ended April 30, 2023 and that are still subject to enforcement activity was $52 million ($47 million for the six-month period ended April 30, 2022).

(2)    These financial assets are presented net of the allowances for credit losses on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(3)    As at April 30, 2023 and 2022, these financial assets were mainly classified in Stage 1 and their credit quality fell mostly within the Excellent category.

(4)    The allowances for credit losses are reported in the Accumulated other comprehensive income item of the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(5)    The allowances for credit losses are reported in the Allowances for credit losses item of the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(6)    The allowances for credit losses are reported in the Other liabilities item of the Consolidated Balance Sheet.   

Note 5 - Loans and Allowances for Credit Losses (cont.)

 

The following tables present a reconciliation of allowances for credit losses for each loan category at amortized cost according to ECL impairment stage.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Quarter ended April 30, 2023

 





Quarter ended April 30, 2022


 

 

 

Allowances for

credit losses on

non-impaired loans

 

Allowances for

credit losses on

impaired loans

 

Total

 

Allowances for

credit losses on

non-impaired loans


Allowances for

credit losses on

impaired loans


Total


 

Stage 1

 

Stage 2

 

Stage 3

 

POCI(1)

 

 

Stage 1


Stage 2


Stage 3


POCI(1)



Residential mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 











Balance at beginning

62

 

84

 

60

 

(71)

 

135


40


63


34


(57)


80



Originations or purchases

3

 

 

 

 

3


4





4



Transfers(2):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 














to Stage 1

13

 

(11)

 

(2)

 

 


7


(6)


(1)






to Stage 2

(3)

 

9

 

(6)

 

 


(1)


1







to Stage 3

 

(6)

 

6

 

 








Net remeasurement of loss allowances(3)

(9)

 

9

 

5

 

5

 

10


(5)


(1)


6


(1)


(1)



Derecognitions(4)

(2)

 

(4)

 

(1)

 

 

(7)


(1)


(1)




(2)



Changes to models

 

 

 

 







Provisions for credit losses

2

 

(3)

 

2

 

5

 

6


4


(7)


5


(1)


1


Write-offs

 

 

 

 




(1)



(1)


Disposals

 

 

 

 







Recoveries

 

 

 

 




1



1


Foreign exchange movements and other

 

 

1

 

(1)

 



1



(1)



Balance at end

64

 

81

 

63

 

(67)

 

141


44


57


39


(59)


81


Includes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 













Amounts drawn

64

 

81

 

63

 

(67)

 

141


44


57


39


(59)


81



Undrawn commitments(5)

 

 

 

 







Personal

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 












Balance at beginning

75

 

121

 

79

 

(11)

 

264


70


111


63


(25)


219



Originations or purchases

7

 

 

 

 

7


12





12



Transfers(2):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 














to Stage 1

29

 

(28)

 

(1)

 

 


13


(12)


(1)






to Stage 2

(3)

 

5

 

(2)

 

 


(3)


4


(1)






to Stage 3

 

(14)

 

14

 

 



(7)


7





Net remeasurement of loss allowances(3)

(25)

 

35

 

11

 

1

 

22


(19)


16


5


3


5



Derecognitions(4)

(2)

 

(5)

 

(1)

 

 

(8)


(2)


(4)




(6)



Changes to models

 

 

 

 







Provisions for credit losses

6

 

(7)

 

21

 

1

 

21


1


(3)


10


3


11


Write-offs

 

 

(21)

 

 

(21)




(12)



(12)


Disposals

 

 

 

 







Recoveries

 

 

4

 

 

4




5



5


Foreign exchange movements and other

1

 

 

 

 

1


(1)


1


(1)



(1)


Balance at end

82

 

114

 

83

 

(10)

 

269


70


109


65


(22)


222


Includes:






















Amounts drawn

79

 

110

 

83

 

(10)

 

262


67


105


65


(22)


215



Undrawn commitments(5)

3

 

4

 

 

 

7


3


4




7


 

(1)       No POCI loan was acquired during the quarter ended April 30, 2023 (the total amount of undiscounted initially expected credit losses on the POCI loans acquired during the quarter ended April 30, 2022 was $4 million). The expected credit losses reflected in the purchase price have been discounted.

(2)       Represent stage transfers deemed to have taken place at the beginning of the quarter in which the transfer occurred.

(3)       Includes the net remeasurement of loss allowances (after transfers) attributable mainly to changes in volumes and in the credit quality of existing loans as well as to changes in risk parameters.

(4)       Represent reversals to loss allowances arising from full loan repayments (excluding write-offs and disposals).

(5)       The allowances for credit losses on undrawn commitments are reported in the Other liabilities item of the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

 

 

 

 

 

Quarter ended April 30, 2023

 





Quarter ended April 30, 2022


 

 

 

Allowances for

credit losses on

non-impaired loans

 

Allowances for

credit losses on

impaired loans

 

Total

 

Allowances for

credit losses on

non-impaired loans


Allowances for

credit losses on

impaired loans


Total


 

Stage 1

 

Stage 2

 

Stage 3

 

POCI(1)

 

Stage 1


Stage 2


Stage 3


POCI(1)


Credit card

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 











Balance at beginning

59

 

117

 

 

 

176


55


103




158



Originations or purchases

3

 

 

 

 

3


3





3



Transfers(2):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 














to Stage 1

22

 

(22)

 

 

 


21


(21)







to Stage 2

(4)

 

4

 

 

 


(4)


4







to Stage 3

 

(9)

 

9

 

 



(6)


6





Net remeasurement of loss allowances(3)

(22)

 

32

 

7

 

 

17


(20)


23


4



7



Derecognitions(4)

(1)

 

(1)

 

 

 

(2)



(1)




(1)



Changes to models

 

 

 

 







Provisions for credit losses

(2)

 

4

 

16

 

 

18



(1)


10



9


Write-offs

 

 

(20)

 

 

(20)




(15)



(15)


Disposals

 

 

 

 







Recoveries

 

 

4

 

 

4




5



5


Foreign exchange movements and other

 

 

 

 







Balance at end

57

 

121

 

 

 

178


55


102




157


Includes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 













Amounts drawn

33

 

101

 

 

 

134


33


89




122



Undrawn commitments(5)

24

 

20

 

 

 

44


22


13




35


Business and government(6)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 












Balance at beginning

197

 

198

 

179

 

 

574

 

175


202


224



601



Originations or purchases

22

 

 

 

 

22


14





14



Transfers(2):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 














to Stage 1

15

 

(15)

 

 

 


12


(12)







to Stage 2

(5)

 

6

 

(1)

 

 


(4)


5


(1)






to Stage 3

 

(1)

 

1

 

 








Net remeasurement of loss allowances(3)

(5)

 

27

 

15

 

 

37


(22)


(2)


6



(18)



Derecognitions(4)

(5)

 

(11)

 

(2)

 

 

(18)


(9)


(3)


(2)



(14)



Changes to models

(1)

 

(1)

 

 

 

(2)







Provisions for credit losses

21

 

5

 

13

 

 

39


(9)


(12)


3



(18)


Write-offs

 

 

(3)

 

 

(3)




(14)



(14)


Disposals

 

 

 

 







Recoveries

 

 

2

 

 

2




1



1


Foreign exchange movements and other

 

1

 

 

 

1







Balance at end

218

 

204

 

191

 

 

613


166


190


214



570


Includes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 













Amounts drawn

163

 

179

 

191

 

 

533


115


168


214



497



Undrawn commitments(5)

55

 

25

 

 

 

80


51


22




73


Total allowances for credit losses at end(7)

421

 

520

 

337

 

(77)

 

1,201


335


458


318


(81)


1,030


Includes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 













Amounts drawn

339

 

471

 

337

 

(77)

 

1,070


259


419


318


(81)


915



Undrawn commitments(5)

82

 

49

 

 

 

131


76


39




115


 

(1)       No POCI loan was acquired during the quarter ended April 30, 2023 (the total amount of undiscounted initially expected credit losses on the POCI loans acquired during the quarter ended April 30, 2022 was $4 million). The expected credit losses reflected in the purchase price have been discounted.

(2)       Represent stage transfers deemed to have taken place at the beginning of the quarter in which the transfer occurred.

(3)       Includes the net remeasurement of loss allowances (after transfers) attributable mainly to changes in volumes and in the credit quality of existing loans as well as to changes in risk parameters.

(4)       Represent reversals to loss allowances arising from full loan repayments (excluding write-offs and disposals).

(5)       The allowances for credit losses on undrawn commitments are reported in the Other liabilities item of the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(6)       Includes customers' liability under acceptances.

(7)       Excludes allowances for credit losses on other financial assets at amortized cost and on off-balance-sheet commitments other than undrawn commitments.



Note 5 - Loans and Allowances for Credit Losses (cont.)

 

 

 

 

 

Six months ended April 30, 2023

 

Six months ended April 30, 2022


 

 

 

Allowances for

credit losses on

non-impaired loans

 

Allowances for

credit losses on

impaired loans

 

Total

 

Allowances for

credit losses on

non-impaired loans


Allowances for

credit losses on

impaired loans


Total


 

Stage 1

 

Stage 2

 

Stage 3

 

POCI(1)

 

 

Stage 1


Stage 2


Stage 3


POCI(1)



Residential mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 











Balance at beginning

53

 

80

 

61

 

(76)

 

118


50


52


29


(60)


71



Originations or purchases

8

 

 

 

 

8


9





9



Transfers(2):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 














to Stage 1

21

 

(18)

 

(3)

 

 


10


(9)


(1)






to Stage 2

(6)

 

18

 

(12)

 

 


(2)


2







to Stage 3

 

(14)

 

14

 

 








Net remeasurement of loss allowances(3)

(9)

 

21

 

8

 

8

 

28


(23)


13


12


3


5



Derecognitions(4)

(3)

 

(5)

 

(3)

 

 

(11)


(1)


(2)




(3)



Changes to models

 

 

 

 







Provisions for credit losses

11

 

2

 

4

 

8

 

25


(7)


4


11


3


11


Write-offs

 

 

(1)

 

 

(1)




(2)



(2)


Disposals

 

 

 

 







Recoveries

 

 

 

 




1



1


Foreign exchange movements and other

 

(1)

 

(1)

 

1

 

(1)


1


1



(2)



Balance at end

64

 

81

 

63

 

(67)

 

141


44


57


39


(59)


81


Includes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 













Amounts drawn

64

 

81

 

63

 

(67)

 

141


44


57


39


(59)


81



Undrawn commitments(5)

 

 

 

 







Personal

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 












Balance at beginning

70

 

117

 

75

 

(16)

 

246


73


103


63


(29)


210



Originations or purchases

17

 

 

 

 

17


24





24



Transfers(2):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 














to Stage 1

48

 

(45)

 

(3)

 

 


31


(28)


(3)






to Stage 2

(7)

 

9

 

(2)

 

 


(6)


7


(1)






to Stage 3

 

(26)

 

26

 

 



(13)


13





Net remeasurement of loss allowances(3)

(43)

 

68

 

18

 

6

 

49


(45)


39


8


7


9



Derecognitions(4)

(4)

 

(9)

 

(2)

 

 

(15)


(5)


(8)


(1)



(14)



Changes to models

1

 

 

 

 

1


(2)


8




6


Provisions for credit losses

12

 

(3)

 

37

 

6

 

52


(3)


5


16


7


25


Write-offs

 

 

(37)

 

 

(37)




(23)



(23)


Disposals

 

 

 

 







Recoveries

 

 

9

 

 

9




10



10


Foreign exchange movements and other

 

 

(1)

 

 

(1)



1


(1)




Balance at end

82

 

114

 

83

 

(10)

 

269


70


109


65


(22)


222


Includes:






















Amounts drawn

79

 

110

 

83

 

(10)

 

262


67


105


65


(22)


215



Undrawn commitments(5)

3

 

4

 

 

 

7


3


4




7


 

(1)       No POCI loan was acquired during the six-month period ended April 30, 2023 (the total amount of undiscounted initially expected credit losses on the POCI loans acquired during the six-month period ended April 30, 2022 was $9 million). The expected credit losses reflected in the purchase price have been discounted.

(2)       Represent stage transfers deemed to have taken place at the beginning of the quarter in which the transfer occurred.

(3)       Includes the net remeasurement of loss allowances (after transfers) attributable mainly to changes in volumes and in the credit quality of existing loans as well as to changes in risk parameters.

(4)       Represent reversals to loss allowances arising from full loan repayments (excluding write-offs and disposals).

(5)       The allowances for credit losses on undrawn commitments are reported in the Other liabilities item of the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

 

 

 

 

Six months ended April 30, 2023

 

Six months ended April 30, 2022


 

 

 

Allowances for

credit losses on

 non-impaired loans

 

Allowances for

credit losses on

impaired loans

 

Total

 

Allowances for

credit losses on

non-impaired loans


Allowances for

credit losses on

impaired loans


Total


 

Stage 1

 

Stage 2

 

Stage 3

 

POCI(1)

 

Stage 1


Stage 2


Stage 3


POCI(1)


Credit card

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 











Balance at beginning

53

 

112

 

 

 

165


57


101




158



Originations or purchases

5

 

 

 

 

5


6





6



Transfers(2):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 














to Stage 1

47

 

(47)

 

 

 


43


(43)







to Stage 2

(8)

 

8

 

 

 


(9)


9







to Stage 3

 

(16)

 

16

 

 



(11)


11





Net remeasurement of loss allowances(3)

(38)

 

65

 

15

 

 

42


(41)


47


10



16



Derecognitions(4)

(2)

 

(1)

 

 

 

(3)


(1)


(1)




(2)



Changes to models

 

 

 

 







Provisions for credit losses

4

 

9

 

31

 

 

44


(2)


1


21



20


Write-offs

 

 

(38)

 

 

(38)




(30)



(30)


Disposals

 

 

 

 







Recoveries

 

 

7

 

 

7




9



9


Foreign exchange movements and other

 

 

 

 







Balance at end

57

 

121

 

 

 

178


55


102




157


Includes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 













Amounts drawn

33

 

101

 

 

 

134


33


89




122



Undrawn commitments(5)

24

 

20

 

 

 

44


22


13




35


Business and government(6)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 












Balance at beginning

177

 

195

 

197

 

 

569

 

177


238


287



702



Originations or purchases

46

 

 

 

 

46


36





36



Transfers(2):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 














to Stage 1

32

 

(32)

 

 

 


40


(40)







to Stage 2

(11)

 

14

 

(3)

 

 


(12)


14


(2)






to Stage 3

 

(2)

 

2

 

 



(1)


1





Net remeasurement of loss allowances(3)

(15)

 

48

 

5

 

 

38


(57)


(4)


7



(54)



Derecognitions(4)

(10)

 

(19)

 

(4)

 

 

(33)


(18)


(17)


(2)



(37)



Changes to models

(1)

 

(1)

 

 

 

(2)







Provisions for credit losses

41

 

8

 

 

 

49


(11)


(48)


4



(55)


Write-offs

 

 

(8)

 

 

(8)




(81)



(81)


Disposals

 

 

 

 







Recoveries

 

 

3

 

 

3




2



2


Foreign exchange movements and other

 

1

 

(1)

 

 




2



2


Balance at end

218

 

204

 

191

 

 

613


166


190


214



570


Includes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 













Amounts drawn

163

 

179

 

191

 

 

533


115


168


214



497



Undrawn commitments(5)

55

 

25

 

 

 

80


51


22




73


Total allowances for credit losses at end(7)

421

 

520

 

337

 

(77)

 

1,201


335


458


318


(81)


1,030


Includes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 













Amounts drawn

339

 

471

 

337

 

(77)

 

1,070


259


419


318


(81)


915



Undrawn commitments(5)

82

 

49

 

 

 

131


76


39




115


 

(1)       No POCI loan was acquired during the six-month period ended April 30, 2023 (the total amount of undiscounted initially expected credit losses on the POCI loans acquired during the six-month period ended April 30, 2022 was $9 million). The expected credit losses reflected in the purchase price have been discounted.

(2)       Represent stage transfers deemed to have taken place at the beginning of the quarter in which the transfer occurred.

(3)       Includes the net remeasurement of loss allowances (after transfers) attributable mainly to changes in volumes and in the credit quality of existing loans as well as to changes in risk parameters.

(4)       Represent reversals to loss allowances arising from full loan repayments (excluding write-offs and disposals).

(5)       The allowances for credit losses on undrawn commitments are reported in the Other liabilities item of the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(6)       Includes customers' liability under acceptances.

(7)       Excludes allowances for credit losses on other financial assets at amortized cost and on off-balance-sheet commitments other than undrawn commitments.

 

Note 5 - Loans and Allowances for Credit Losses (cont.)

 

Main Macroeconomic Factors

 

The following tables show the main macroeconomic factors used to estimate the allowances for credit losses on loans. For each scenario, namely, the base scenario, upside scenario, and downside scenario, the average values of the macroeconomic factors over the next 12 months (used for Stage 1 credit loss calculations) and over the remaining forecast period (used for Stage 2 credit loss calculations) are presented.

 

 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As at April 30, 2023

 




Base scenario

 

Upside scenario

 

Downside scenario

 




Next

12 months

 

 

Remaining

forecast period

 

Next

12 months

 

 

Remaining

forecast period

 

Next

12 months

 

 

Remaining

forecast period

 




 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Macroeconomic factors(1)


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


GDP growth(2)


(0.3)

%

 

1.7

%

 

0.5

%

 

1.9

%

 

(5.1)

%

 

2.6

%

 


Unemployment rate


5.8

%

 

6.3

%

 

5.5

%

 

5.5

%

 

7.3

%

 

6.9

%

 


Housing price index growth(2)


(6.6)

%

 

1.4

%

 

(0.7)

%

 

1.2

%

 

(13.9)

%

 

0.3

%

 


BBB spread(3)


2.2

%

 

2.0

%

 

1.9

%

 

1.8

%

 

3.1

%

 

2.3

%

 


S&P/TSX growth(2)(4)


1.2

%

 

2.0

%

 

5.6

%

 

2.6

%

 

(25.6)

%

 

5.5

%

 


WTI oil price(5) (US$ per barrel)


71

 

 

69

 

 

84

 

 

80

 

 

43

 

 

52

 

 

 














As at January 31, 2023





Base scenario


Upside scenario


Downside scenario





Next

12 months



Remaining

forecast period


Next

12 months



Remaining

forecast period


Next

12 months



Remaining

forecast period























Macroeconomic factors(1)





















GDP growth(2)


0.3

%


1.8

%


0.8

%


1.9

%


(5.1)

%


2.6

%



Unemployment rate


5.8

%


6.2

%


5.5

%


5.6

%


7.3

%


6.8

%



Housing price index growth(2)


(9.6)

%


1.3

%


(0.8)

%


0.4

%


(13.9)

%


0.3

%



BBB spread(3)


2.3

%


2.1

%


2.1

%


1.9

%


3.3

%


2.5

%



S&P/TSX growth(2)(4)


4.2

%


2.0

%


5.6

%


2.6

%


(25.6)

%


5.5

%



WTI oil price(5) (US$ per barrel)


77



75



92



87



46



57



 














As at October 31, 2022





Base scenario


Upside scenario


Downside scenario





Next

12 months



Remaining

forecast period


Next

12 months



Remaining

forecast period


Next

12 months



Remaining

forecast period























Macroeconomic factors(1)





















GDP growth(2)


0.6

%


1.7

%


1.1

%


1.6

%


(5.2)

%


2.9

%



Unemployment rate


6.0

%


6.1

%


5.4

%


5.4

%


7.4

%


6.4

%



Housing price index growth(2)


(11.2)

%


0.7

%


%


0.2

%


(13.9)

%


0.3

%



BBB spread(3)


2.4

%


2.1

%


2.0

%


1.9

%


3.4

%


2.6

%



S&P/TSX growth(2)(4)


(4.3)

%


2.4

%


5.1

%


2.6

%


(25.6)

%


5.5

%



WTI oil price(5) (US$ per barrel)


78



77



102



97



44



51



 

(1)       All macroeconomic factors are based on the Canadian economy unless otherwise indicated.

(2)       Growth rate is annualized.

(3)       Yield on corporate BBB bonds less yield on Canadian federal government bonds with 10-year maturity.

(4)       Main stock index in Canada.

(5)       The West Texas Intermediate (WTI) index is commonly used as a benchmark for the price of oil.

 

The main macroeconomic factors used for the personal credit portfolio are unemployment rate and growth in the housing price index, based on the economy of Canada or Quebec. The main macroeconomic factors used for the business and government credit portfolio are unemployment rate, spread on corporate BBB bonds, S&P/TSX growth, and WTI oil price. An increase in unemployment rate or BBB spread will generally lead to higher allowances for credit losses, whereas an increase in the other macroeconomic factors (GDP, S&P/TSX, housing price index, and WTI oil price) will generally lead to lower allowances for credit losses.



 

During the quarter ended April 30, 2023, the macroeconomic risks are similar to those of the previous quarter, with uncertainty remaining high.

 

Despite greater-than-anticipated resilience in global growth in early 2023, new concerns have emerged, in particular surrounding the U.S. and European banking systems, which could slow growth. The restrictive monetary policy ushered in by the major central banks in response to rising inflation, which is improving but still too high globally, suggests a cautious outlook. In the United States, negotiations over raising the debt ceiling is making investors nervous as the government could find itself short of liquidity during the summer. The U.S. Federal Reserve is pausing interest rate hikes but the underlying inflation and high wages do not suggest rate cuts before the last quarter of the year. Monetary policy that remains so restrictive for so long will translate, in our scenario, into three quarters of economic contraction starting in the fourth quarter. The Bank of Canada was able to announce a rate hike pause before the U.S. Federal Reserve given greater success against inflation but that may not prevent the Canadian economy from experiencing lethargy caused by the high interest rates. A stronger banking system, greater excess savings, and advantageous foreign exchange terms lead us to believe that Canada's economy might be more resilient than the U.S. economy in the coming quarters. After 12 months, the unemployment rate rises 1.2 percentage points to 6.2%. Housing prices decrease by 6.6% year over year. The S&P/TSX sits at 20,427 points after one year, and the price of oil hovers around US$66.

 

In the upside scenario, an easing of geopolitical tensions boosts confidence. Inflation comes under control as supply chains normalize, and the tight monetary policy does not inflict too much damage on the economy. Governments maintain a sizable fiscal stimulus in Canada and the United States, offsetting the tight monetary policy. Consumer spending is surprisingly high because of the excess savings amassed since the start of the pandemic. After one year, the unemployment rate is more favourable than the base scenario (five-tenths lower). Housing prices remain unchanged, the S&P/TSX is at 21,305 points after one year, and the price of oil hovers around US$84.

 

In the downside scenario, central bankers have underestimated the impact of their simultaneous tightening measures, and the global economy sinks into a recession, as a decrease in demand is reflected in reduced investment by businesses, which also carry out layoffs. Given budgetary constraints, governments cannot support households and businesses as they did during the pandemic. After 12 months, the economic contraction pushes the unemployment rate to 8.1%. Housing prices decrease considerably. The S&P/TSX sits at 15,015 points after one year, and the price of oil hovers around US$37.

 

Given the uncertainty surrounding key inputs used to measure credit losses, the Bank has applied expert credit judgment to adjust the modelled expected credit loss results.

 

Sensitivity Analysis of Allowances for Credit Losses on Non-Impaired Loans

 

Scenarios

The following table shows a comparison of the Bank's allowances for credit losses on non-impaired loans (Stages 1 and 2) as at April 30, 2023 based on the probability weightings of three scenarios with allowances for credit losses resulting from simulations of each scenario weighted at 100%.

 




Allowances for credit losses on non-impaired loans

 




 

 

Balance as at April 30, 2023


941

 




 

 

Simulations


 

 


100% upside scenario


699

 


100% base scenario


773

 


100% downside scenario


1,183

 



Note 6 - Other Assets 

 



As at April 30, 2023

 

As at October 31, 2022








Receivables, prepaid expenses and other items


3,070


2,591


Interest and dividends receivable


1,590

 

1,057


Due from clients, dealers and brokers


631

 

842


Defined benefit asset

 

470

 

498


Deferred tax assets

 

450

 

389


Current tax assets

 

762

 

471


Reinsurance assets

 

6

 

6


Insurance assets

 

128

 

104




7,107

 

5,958


Note 7 - Deposits

 



 

 

 

 

As at April 30, 2023

 

As at October 31, 2022




On demand(1)

 

After notice(2)

 

Fixed term(3)

 

Total

 

Total




 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Personal


4,591

 

35,986

 

45,029

 

85,606

 

78,811


Business and government


62,134

 

32,512

 

97,109

 

191,755

 

184,230


Deposit-taking institutions


1,340

 

121

 

2,692

 

4,153

 

3,353




68,065

 

68,619

 

144,830

 

281,514

 

266,394


 

(1)       Demand deposits are deposits for which the Bank does not have the right to require a notice of withdrawal and consist essentially of deposits in chequing accounts.

(2)       Notice deposits are deposits for which the Bank may legally require a notice of withdrawal and consist mainly of deposits in savings accounts.

(3)       Fixed-term deposits are deposits that can be withdrawn by the holder on a specified date and include term deposits, guaranteed investment certificates, savings accounts and plans, covered bonds, and other similar instruments. 

 

The Deposits - Business and government item includes, among other items, covered bonds for which the balance was $13.2 billion as at April 30, 2023 ($10.4 billion as at October 31, 2022). During the six-month period ended April 30, 2023, the Bank issued 280 million Swiss francs and 1.0 billion euros in covered bonds (1.0 billion euros in covered bonds came to maturity, and the Bank issued 1.3 billion euros and US$1.5 billion in covered bonds during the six-month period ended April 30, 2022). For additional information on covered bonds, see Note 27 to the audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2022.

 

In addition, as at April 30, 2023, the Deposits - Business and government item also includes deposits of $15.4 billion ($12.8 billion as at October 31, 2022) that are subject to the bank bail-in conversion regulations issued by the Government of Canada. These regulations provide certain powers to the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation (CDIC), notably the power to convert certain eligible Bank shares and liabilities into common shares should the Bank become non-viable.

 

 

Note 8 - Other Liabilities

 



As at April 30, 2023

 

As at October 31, 2022








Accounts payable and accrued expenses


2,038


2,582


Subsidiaries' debts to third parties


268


156


Interest and dividends payable


1,769

 

1,063


Lease liabilities


536

 

552


Due to clients, dealers and brokers


495

 

730


Defined benefit liability

 

116

 

111


Allowances for credit losses - Off-balance-sheet commitments (Note 5)

 

148

 

162


Deferred tax liabilities


17

 

14


Current tax liabilities


87

 

67


Insurance liabilities


10

 

10


Other items(1)(2)(3)


1,125

 

914




6,609

 

6,361


 

(1)       As at April 30, 2023, Other items included $6 million in litigation provisions ($11 million as at October 31, 2022).

(2)       As at April 30, 2023, Other items included $32 million in provisions for onerous contracts ($33 million as at October 31, 2022).

(3)       As at April 30, 2023, Other items included the financial liability resulting from put options written to non-controlling interests of Flinks Technology Inc. (Flinks) for an amount of $26 million ($33 million as at October 31, 2022).

 

 

Note 9 - Subordinated Debt

 

Redemption of Subordinated Debt

On February 1, 2023, the Bank redeemed $750 million of medium-term notes maturing on February 1, 2028 at a price equal to their nominal value plus accrued interest.

 

Note 10 - Share Capital and Other Equity Instruments

 

Shares and Other Equity Instruments Outstanding

 





As at April 30, 2023

 

As at October 31, 2022






Number

of shares

or LRCN(1)

 

Shares

or LRCN

$


Number

of shares

or LRCN


Shares

or LRCN

$


 

 



 
















First Preferred Shares












Series 30


14,000,000

 

350


14,000,000


350

 



Series 32


12,000,000

 

300


12,000,000


300

 



Series 38


16,000,000

 

400


16,000,000


400

 



Series 40


12,000,000

 

300


12,000,000


300

 



Series 42


12,000,000

 

300


12,000,000


300

 





66,000,000

 

1,650


66,000,000


1,650


Other equity instruments


 

 

 








LRCN - Series 1


500,000

 

500


500,000


500




LRCN - Series 2


500,000

 

500


500,000


500




LRCN - Series 3


500,000

 

500


500,000


500






1,500,000

 

1,500


1,500,000


1,500


Preferred shares and other equity instruments


67,500,000

 

3,150


67,500,000


3,150


Common shares at beginning of fiscal year


336,582,124

 

3,196


337,912,283


3,160


Issued pursuant to the Stock Option Plan


1,088,870

 

60


1,193,663


61


Repurchases of common shares for cancellation


 


(2,500,000)


(24)


Impact of shares purchased or sold for trading(2)


48,589

 

5


(18,295)


(1)


Other


 


(5,527)



Common shares at end of period


337,719,583

 

3,261


336,582,124


3,196


 

(1)       Limited Recourse Capital Notes (LRCN).

(2)       As at April 30, 2023, a total of 43,339 shares were sold short for trading, representing $5 million (5,250 shares were held for trading, representing a negligible amount as at October 31, 2022).

 

Dividends Declared and Distributions on Other Equity Instruments

 









Six months ended April 30




2023

 

2022






Dividends

or interest

$

 

Dividends

per share


Dividends

or interest

$


Dividends

per share


 

 



 
















First Preferred Shares












Series 30


7

 

0.5031


7


0.5031




Series 32


6

 

0.4799


6


0.4799




Series 38


14

 

0.8784


9


0.5563




Series 40


7

 

0.5750


7


0.5750




Series 42


7

 

0.6188


7


0.6188






41

 

 


36




Other equity instruments


 

 

 








LRCN - Series 1(1)


10

 

 


10






LRCN - Series 2(2)


10

 

 


10






LRCN - Series 3(3)


19

 

 









39

 

 


20




Preferred shares and other equity instruments


80

 

 


56




Common shares


655

 

1.9400


587


1.7400






735

 

 


643




 

(1)       The LRCN - Series 1 bear interest at a fixed rate of 4.30% per annum.

(2)       The LRCN - Series 2 bear interest at a fixed rate of 4.05% per annum.

(3)       The LRCN - Series 3 bear interest at a fixed rate of 7.50% per annum.

 



Note 10 - Share Capital and Other Equity Instruments (cont.)

 

Repurchase of Common Shares

On December 12, 2022, the Bank began a normal course issuer bid to repurchase for cancellation up to 7,000,000 common shares (representing approximately 2.1% of its outstanding common shares) over the 12-month period ending on December 11, 2023. On December 10, 2021, the Bank had begun a normal course issuer bid to repurchase for cancellation up to 7,000,000 common shares (representing approximately 2% of its then outstanding common shares) over the 12-month period ended December 9, 2022. Any repurchase through the Toronto Stock Exchange will be done at market prices. The common shares may also be repurchased through other means authorized by the Toronto Stock Exchange and applicable regulations, including private agreements or share repurchase programs under issuer bid exemption orders issued by the securities regulators. A private purchase made under an exemption order issued by a securities regulator will be done at a discount to the prevailing market price. The amounts that are paid above the average book value of the common shares are charged to Retained earnings. During the six-month period ended April 30, 2023, the Bank did not repurchase any common shares. During the six-month period ended April 30, 2022, the Bank had repurchased 2,500,000 common shares for $245 million, which had reduced Common share capital by $24 million and Retained earnings by $221 million.

 

 

Note 11 - Capital Disclosure

 

The Bank and all other major Canadian banks have to maintain the following minimum capital ratios established by OSFI: a CET1 capital ratio of at least 11.0%, a Tier 1 capital ratio of at least 12.5%, and a Total capital ratio of at least 14.5%. All of these ratios include a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% established by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and OSFI, a 1.0% surcharge applicable solely to Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs) and a 3.0% domestic stability buffer. On December 8, 2022, OSFI expanded the domestic stability buffer range, setting it at 0% to 4.0% instead of the previous range of 0% to 2.5%, and it announced that the buffer would rise from 2.5% to 3.0% effective February 1, 2023. The domestic stability buffer must consist exclusively of CET1 capital. A D‑SIB that fails to meet this buffer requirement will not be subject to automatic constraints to reduce capital distributions but must provide a remediation plan to OSFI. Banks also have to meet the requirements of an updated capital output floor calculated under the Basel III revised Standardized Approach. If the capital requirement is less than 65.0% of the capital output floor requirement calculated using the Basel III revised Standardized Approach, the difference is added to the total risk-weighted assets. Lastly, OSFI requires D-SIBs to maintain a Basel III leverage ratio of at least 3.5%. Effective February 1, 2023, OSFI increased the leverage ratio minimum requirement by imposing a Tier 1 capital buffer of 0.5% applicable only to D-SIBs.

 

OSFI also requires D-SIBs to maintain a risk-based total loss-absorbing capacity (TLAC) ratio of at least 24.5% (including the domestic stability buffer) of risk-weighted assets and a TLAC leverage ratio of at least 7.25% (increased by 0.5% effective February 1, 2023). The purpose of TLAC is to ensure that a D-SIB has sufficient loss-absorbing capacity to support its internal recapitalization in the unlikely event it becomes non-viable.

 

In the second quarter of 2023, the Bank implemented OSFI's guidance relating to the Basel III reforms, notably:

 

·    a revised Standardized Approach and Internal Ratings-Based (IRB) Approach to credit risk;

·    a revised Standardized Approach for operational risk;

·    a revised capital output floor;

·    a revised Leverage Ratio Framework; and

·    revised Pillar 3 disclosure requirements.

 

The Basel III reforms also affected the market risk and credit valuation adjustment (CVA) risk frameworks, which will be implemented in the first quarter of 2024.

 

During the quarter and six-month period ended April 30, 2023, the Bank was in compliance with all of OSFI's regulatory capital, leverage, and TLAC requirements.

 

Regulatory Capital(1), Leverage Ratio(1) and TLAC(2)

 


 

As at April 30, 2023

 


As at October 31, 2022


 

Capital



 






CET1


15,892

 


14,818




Tier 1


19,037

 


17,961




Total


20,110

 


19,727



Risk-weighted assets


119,111

 


116,840






 

 





Total exposure


448,584

 


401,780






 

 





Capital ratios


 

 






CET1

 

13.3

%

 

12.7

%



Tier 1


16.0

%


15.4

%



Total


16.9

%


16.9

%


Leverage ratio


4.2

%


4.5

%


Available TLAC


34,886

 


32,351



TLAC ratio


29.3

%


27.7

%


TLAC leverage ratio


7.8

%


8.1

%


 

(1)       Capital, risk-weighted assets, total exposure, the capital ratios, and the leverage ratio are calculated in accordance with the Basel III rules, as set out in OSFI's Capital Adequacy Requirements Guideline and Leverage Requirements Guideline. The calculation of the figures as at October 31, 2022 had included the transitional measure applicable to expected credit loss provisioning and the temporary measure regarding the exclusion of central bank reserves implemented by OSFI in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. These provisions ceased to apply on November 1, 2022 and April 1, 2023, respectively.

(2)       Available TLAC, the TLAC ratio, and the TLAC leverage ratio are calculated in accordance with OSFI's Total Loss Absorbing Capacity Guideline.

 

 

Note 12 - Share-Based Payments

 

Stock Option Plan

During the quarters ended April 30, 2023 and 2022, the Bank did not award any stock options. During the six-month period ended April 30, 2023, the Bank awarded 1,416,060 stock options (1,771,588 stock options during the six-month period ended April 30, 2022) with an average fair value of $14.76 per option ($13.24 in 2022).

 

As at April 30, 2023, there were 12,170,881 stock options outstanding (11,861,749 stock options as at October 31, 2022).

 

The average fair value of the options awarded was estimated on the award date using the Black-Scholes model as well as the following assumptions.

 



Six months ended April 30




2023

 

2022




 

 



Risk-free interest rate


3.25%

 

1.79%


Expected life of options


7 years

 

7 years


Expected volatility


23.13%

 

22.68%


Expected dividend yield


4.23%

 

3.88%


 

During the quarter ended April 30, 2023, a $4 million compensation expense was recorded for this plan ($4 million for the quarter ended April 30, 2022). During the six-month period ended April 30, 2023, a $9 million compensation expense was recorded for this plan ($8 million for the six-month period ended April 30, 2022).

 

 

Note 13 - Employee Benefits - Pension Plans and Other Post-Employment Benefit Plans

 

The Bank offers pension plans that have a defined benefit component and a defined contribution component. The Bank also offers other post-employment benefit plans to eligible employees. The cost associated with these plans, including the remeasurements recognized in Other comprehensive income, is presented in the following table.

 

Cost for Pension Plans and Other Post-Employment Benefit Plans

 



 

 



Quarter ended April 30




Pension plans


Other post-employment benefit plans




2023

 

2022


2023


2022


 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current service cost

 

23

 

31




Interest expense (income), net

 

(6)

 

(5)


1


1


Administrative costs

 

1

 

1


 




Expense of the defined benefit component

 

18

 

27


1


1


Expense of the defined contribution component

 

3

 



 




Expense recognized in Net income

 

21

 

27


1


1


Remeasurements(1)

 

 

 



 





Actuarial (gains) losses on defined benefit obligation

 

32

 

(725)


1


(19)



Return on plan assets(2)

 

(37)

 

641


 




Remeasurements recognized in Other comprehensive income

 

(5)

 

(84)


1


(19)



 

16

 

(57)


2


(18)


 








Six months ended April 30







Pension plans


Other post-employment benefit plans





2023


2022


2023


2022





 




 




Current service cost


46


62




Interest expense (income), net


(12)


(10)


3


2


Administrative costs


2


2


 




Expense of the defined benefit component


36


54


3


2


Expense of the defined contribution component


4




 




Expense recognized in Net income


40


54


3


2


Remeasurements(1)


 




 





Actuarial (gains) losses on defined benefit obligation


362


(910)


7


(23)



Return on plan assets(2)


(301)


699


 




Remeasurements recognized in Other comprehensive income


61


(211)


7


(23)





101


(157)


10


(21)


 

(1)        Changes related to the discount rate and to the return on plan assets are reviewed and updated on a quarterly basis. All other assumptions are updated annually.

(2)        Excludes interest income.

Note 14 - Income Taxes

 

Notice of Assessment

In March 2023, the Bank was reassessed by the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) for additional income tax and interest of approximately $90 million (including estimated provincial tax and interest) in respect of certain Canadian dividends received by the Bank during the 2018 taxation year. 

 

In prior fiscal years, the Bank had been reassessed for additional income tax and interest of approximately $875 million (including provincial tax and interest) in respect of certain Canadian dividends received by the Bank during the 2012-2017 taxation years. 

 

In the reassessments, the CRA alleges that the dividends were received as part of a "dividend rental arrangement".

 

The CRA may issue reassessments to the Bank for taxation years subsequent to 2018 in regard to certain activities similar to those that were the subject of the above-mentioned reassessments. The Bank remains confident that its tax position was appropriate and intends to vigorously defend its position. As a result, no amount has been recognized in the consolidated financial statements as at April 30, 2023.

 

Canadian Government's 2022 Tax Measures

On November 4, 2022, the Government of Canada introduced Bill C-32 - An Act to implement certain provisions of the fall economic statement tabled in Parliament on November 3, 2022 and certain provisions of the budget tabled in Parliament on April 7, 2022 to implement tax measures applicable to certain entities of banking and life insurer groups, as presented in its April 7, 2022 budget. These tax measures include the Canada Recovery Dividend (CRD), which is a one-time, 15% tax on the fiscal 2021 and 2020 average taxable income above $1 billion, as well as a 1.5% increase in the statutory tax rate. On December 15, 2022, Bill C-32 received royal assent. Given that these tax measures were in effect at the financial reporting date, a $32 million tax expense for the CRD and an $8 million tax recovery for the tax rate increase, including the impact related to current and deferred taxes for fiscal 2022, were recognized in the consolidated financial statements as at April 30, 2023.

 

Proposed Legislation

In its March 28, 2023 budget, the Government of Canada proposed to introduce certain tax measures applicable to the Bank. The measures include the denial of the deduction in respect of dividends received after 2023 on shares that are mark-to-market property for tax purposes, the application of a 2% tax on the net value of equity repurchases occurring as of January 1, 2024, as well as the government's intention to implement the Pillar Two rules (global minimum tax) published by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) for fiscal years beginning as of December 31, 2023.  The proposed measures have not yet been included in a bill at the reporting date.

 

 

Note 15 - Earnings Per Share

 

Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding after taking into account the dilution effect of stock options using the treasury stock method and any gain (loss) on the redemption of preferred shares.

 



Quarter ended April 30


Six months ended April 30




2023

 

2022(1)


2023


2022(1)





 

 



 




Basic earnings per share






 




Net income attributable to the Bank's shareholders and holders of other equity instruments


848

 

890


1,729


1,820


Dividends on preferred shares and distributions on other equity instruments


35

 

25


70


51


Net income attributable to common shareholders 


813

 

865


1,659


1,769


Weighted average basic number of common shares outstanding (thousands)


337,497

 

337,381


337,241


337,724


Basic earnings per share (dollars)

 

2.41

 

2.56


4.92


5.24





 

 



 




Diluted earnings per share






 




Net income attributable to common shareholders


813

 

865


1,659


1,769


Weighted average basic number of common shares outstanding (thousands)


337,497

 

337,381


337,241


337,724


Adjustment to average number of common shares (thousands)






 





Stock options(2)


3,474

 

4,037


3,384


4,126


Weighted average diluted number of common shares outstanding (thousands)


340,971

 

341,418


340,625


341,850


Diluted earnings per share (dollars)


2.38

 

2.53


4.87


5.17


 

(1)       For the quarter and six-month period ended April 30, 2022, certain amounts have been adjusted to reflect a change in accounting policy related to cloud computing arrangements. For additional information, see Note 1.

(2)       For the quarter and six-month period ended April 30, 2023, as the exercise price of the options was lower than the average price of the Bank's common shares, no options were excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation (no options were excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation for the quarter and six-month period ended April 30, 2022).

Note 16 - Segment Disclosures

 

The Bank carries out its activities in four business segments, which are defined below. For presentation purposes, other activities are grouped in the Other heading. Each reportable segment is distinguished by services offered, type of clientele, and marketing strategy. The presentation of segment disclosures is consistent with the presentation adopted by the Bank for the fiscal year beginning November 1, 2022. This presentation reflects a revision to the method used for the sectoral allocation of technology investment expenses, which are now immediately allocated to the various business segments, whereas certain expenses, notably costs incurred during the research phase of projects, had previously been recorded in the Other heading of segment results. This revision is consistent with the accounting policy change applied in fiscal 2022 related to cloud computing arrangements. For the quarter and six-month period ended April 30, 2022, certain amounts have been adjusted to reflect this accounting policy change (for additional information, see Note 1).

 

Personal and Commercial

The Personal and Commercial segment encompasses the banking, financing, and investing services offered to individuals, advisors, and businesses as well as insurance operations.

 

Wealth Management

The Wealth Management segment comprises investment solutions, trust services, banking services, lending services, and other wealth management solutions offered through internal and third-party distribution networks.

 

Financial Markets

The Financial Markets segment encompasses corporate banking and investment banking and financial solutions for large and mid-size corporations, public sector organizations, and institutional investors.

 

U.S. Specialty Finance and International (USSF&I)

The USSF&I segment encompasses the specialty finance expertise provided by the Credigy subsidiary; the activities of the ABA Bank subsidiary, which offers financial products and services to individuals and businesses in Cambodia; and the activities of targeted investments in certain emerging markets.

 

Other

This heading encompasses treasury activities; liquidity management; Bank funding; asset/liability management activities; the activities of the Flinks subsidiary, a fintech company specialized in financial data aggregation and distribution; certain specified items; and the unallocated portion of corporate units.

 












Quarter ended April 30(1)



Personal and

Commercial


Wealth

Management


Financial

Markets



USSF&I


Other




Total


2023

 

2022


2023

 

2022


2023

 

2022


2023


2022


2023

 

2022


2023

 

2022



 

 



 

 



 

 



 




 

 



 

 


Net interest income(2)

802

 

670


190

 

127


(212)

 

355


269

 

277


(167)

 

(116)


882

 

1,313

Non-interest income(2)

298

 

292


427

 

452


884

 

277


16

 

8


(28)

 

97


1,597

 

1,126

Total revenues

1,100

 

962


617

 

579


672

 

632


285

 

285


(195)

 

(19)


2,479

 

2,439

Non-interest expenses

601

 

552


372

 

357


283

 

258


98

 

88


20

 

44


1,374

 

1,299

Income before provisions for credit

  losses and income taxes

499

 

410


245

 


389

 

374


187

 


(215)

 

(63)


1,105

 

1,140

Provisions for credit losses

37

 

11


 


19

 

(16)


26

 

9


3

 

(1)


85

 

3

Income before income taxes (recovery)

462

 

399


245

 

222


370

 

390


161

 

188


(218)

 

(62)


1,020

 

1,137

Income taxes (recovery)(2)

127

 

106


67

 

59


102

 

103


33

 

36


(156)

 

(56)


173

 

248

Net income

335

 

293


178

 

163


268

 

287


128

 

152


(62)

 

(6)


847

 

889

Non-controlling interests









(1)


(1)


(1)


(1)

Net income attributable 

 




 




 




 




 




 




to the Bank's shareholders and holders of other equity instruments

335

 

293


178

 

163


268

 

287


128

 

152


(61)

 

(5)


848

 

890

Average assets(3)

147,316

 

137,636


8,518

 

8,327


172,361

 

149,029


22,562

 

18,230


70,458

 

71,404


421,215

 

384,626

Total assets

148,914

 

141,068


8,699

 

8,426


168,164

 

142,421


23,243

 

18,634


68,664

 

59,021


417,684

 

369,570

 












Six months ended April 30(1)



Personal and

Commercial


Wealth

Management


Financial

Markets




USSF&I


Other




Total


2023

 

2022


2023

 

2022


2023

 

2022


2023


2022


2023

 

2022


2023

 

2022



 

 



 

 



 

 



 




 

 



 

 


Net interest income(4)

1,627

 

1,339


398

 

246


(303)

 

753


568


547


(309)

 

(240)


1,981

 

2,645

Non-interest income(4)

597

 

581


856

 

925


1,664

 

541


36


23


(73)

 

190


3,080

 

2,260

Total revenues

2,224

 

1,920


1,254

 

1,171


1,361

 

1,294


604


570


(382)

 

(50)


5,061

 

4,905

Non-interest expenses

1,207

 

1,107


736

 

717


570

 

521


196


168


68

 

66


2,777

 

2,579

Income before provisions for credit

   losses and income taxes

1,017

 

813


518

 

454


791

 

773


408


402


(450)

 

(116)


2,284

 

2,326

Provisions for credit losses

98

 

6


 


10

 

(32)


61


27


2

 


171

 

1

Income before income taxes (recovery)

919

 

807


518

 

454


781

 

805


347


375


(452)

 

(116)


2,113

 

2,325

Income taxes (recovery)(4)(5)

253

 

214


142

 

121


215

 

213


72


75


(297)

 

(117)


385

 

506

Net income

666

 

593


376

 

333


566

 

592


275


300


(155)

 

1


1,728

 

1,819

Non-controlling interests









(1)


(1)


(1)


(1)

Net income attributable

 




 




 




 




 




 




to the Bank's shareholders and

holders of other equity instruments

666


593


376


333


566


592


275


300


(154)


2


1,729


1,820

Average assets(3)

146,714

 

136,852


8,521

 

8,329


172,819

 

153,467


22,076


18,100


72,981

 

69,935


423,111

 

386,683

Total assets

148,914

 

141,068


8,699

 

8,426


168,164

 

142,421


23,243


18,634


68,664

 

59,021


417,684

 

369,570

 

(1)       For the quarter and six-month period ended April 30, 2022, certain amounts have been reclassified, notably due to a revised method for the sectoral allocation of technology investment expenses. In addition, certain amounts have been adjusted to reflect a change in accounting policy related to cloud computing arrangements (for additional information, see Note 1).

(2)       The Net interest income, Non-interest income, and Income taxes (recovery) items of the business segments are presented on a taxable equivalent basis. Taxable equivalent basis is a calculation method that consists of grossing up certain revenues taxed at lower rates by the income tax to a level that would make it comparable to revenues from taxable sources in Canada. For the business segments as a whole, Net interest income was grossed up by $76 million ($49 million in 2022), Non-interest income was grossed up by $56 million ($3 million in 2022), and an equivalent amount was recognized in Income taxes (recovery). The effect of these adjustments is reversed under the Other heading.

(3)       Represents an average of the daily balances for the period, which is also the basis on which sectoral assets are reported in the business segments.

(4)       During the six-month period ended April 30, 2023, for the business segments as whole, Net interest income was grossed up by $154 million ($109 million in 2022), Non-interest income was grossed up by $108 million ($7 million in 2022), and an equivalent amount was recognized in Income taxes (recovery). The effect of these adjustments has been reversed under the Other heading.

(5)       During the six-month period ended April 30, 2023, the Bank recorded a $32 million tax expense with respect to the Canada Recovery Dividend, i.e., a one-time, 15% tax on the fiscal 2021 and 2020 average taxable income above $1 billion, as well as an $8 million tax recovery related to a 1.5% increase in the statutory tax rate, which includes the impact related to current and deferred taxes for fiscal 2022. These items are recorded in the Other heading. For additional information on these tax measures, see Note 14.

 

 

Note 17 - Event After the Consolidated Balance Sheet Date

 

On May 2, 2023, the Bank concluded that it had lost significant influence over TMX Group Limited (TMX) and therefore, as of this date, ceased using the equity method to account for this investment. The Bank designated its investment in TMX as a financial asset measured at fair value through other comprehensive income in an amount of $191 million. Following the fair value measurement, a $91 million gain will be recorded in the Non-interest income - Other item of the Consolidated Statement of Income and will be reported in the Other heading of segment results during the third quarter of 2023. As at April 30, 2023, the Bank's ownership interest in TMX was 2.5%.

 


Information for Shareholders and Investors


 

Investor Relations

Financial analysts and investors who want to obtain financial information on the Bank may contact the Investor Relations Department.

 

600 De La Gauchetière Street West, 7th Floor

Montreal, Quebec H3B 4L2

Toll-free: 1-866-517-5455

Email: investorrelations@nbc.ca

Website: nbc.ca/investorrelations

 

Communications and Corporate Social Responsibility

600 De La Gauchetière Street West, 18th Floor

Montreal, Quebec H3B 4L2

Telephone: 514-394-8644

Email: pa@nbc.ca

 

Quarterly Report Publication Dates for Fiscal 2023

(subject to approval by the Board of Directors of the Bank)

 

First quarter

March 1

Second quarter

May 31

Third quarter

August 30

Fourth quarter

December 1

 


Disclosure of

Second Quarter 2023 Results

 

Conference Call

-      A conference call for analysts and institutional investors will be held on Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at 1:00 p.m. EDT.

-      Access by telephone in listen-only mode: 1-800-806-5484 or

416-340-2217. The access code is 9583004#.

-      A recording of the conference call can be heard until August 31, 2023 by dialing 1-800-408-3053 or 905-694-9451. The access code is 5604431#.

 

Webcast

-      The conference call will be webcast live at nbc.ca/investorrelations.

-      A recording of the webcast will also be available on National Bank's website after the call.

 

Financial Documents

-     The Report to Shareholders (which includes the quarterly consolidated financial statements) is available at all times on National Bank's website at nbc.ca/investorrelations.

-     The Report to Shareholders, the Supplementary Financial Information, the Supplementary Regulatory Capital and Pillar 3 Disclosure, and a slide presentation will be available on the Investor Relations page of National Bank's website on the morning of the day of the conference call.

 


 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

For information about stock transfers, address changes, dividends, lost certificates, tax forms, and estate transfers, shareholders of record may contact the transfer agent, Computershare Trust Company of Canada, at the address or telephone number below.

 

Computershare Trust Company of Canada

Share Ownership Management

100 University Avenue, 8th Floor

Toronto, Ontario M5J 2Y1

Telephone: 1-888-838-1407

Fax: 1-888-453-0330

Email: service@computershare.com

Website: computershare.com

 

Shareholders whose shares are held by a market intermediary are asked to contact the market intermediary concerned.

 

Direct Deposit Service for Dividends

Shareholders may elect to have their dividend payments deposited directly via electronic funds transfer to their bank account at any financial institution that is a member of the Canadian Payments Association. To do so, they must send a written request to the transfer agent, Computershare Trust Company of Canada.

 

Dividend Reinvestment and Share Purchase Plan

National Bank has a Dividend Reinvestment and Share Purchase Plan for holders of its common and preferred shares under which they can acquire common shares of the Bank without paying commissions or administration fees. Participants acquire common shares through the reinvestment of cash dividends paid on the shares they hold or through optional cash payments of at least $1 per payment, up to a maximum of $5,000 per quarter.

 

For additional information, shareholders may contact National Bank's registrar and transfer agent, Computershare Trust Company of Canada, at 1‑888‑838‑1407. To participate in the plan, National Bank's beneficial or non-registered common shareholders must contact their financial institution or broker.

 

Dividends

Dividends paid are "eligible dividends" in accordance with the Income Tax Act (Canada).

 


 

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