Final Results
Rio Tinto PLC
31 January 2002
Strong result despite tough conditions
* Record earnings of $1,662 million before exceptional
items, despite the deteriorating economic environment
* Margins maintained at nearly 30 per cent
* Good progress in the integration of recent acquisitions
Rio Tinto's chairman Sir Robert Wilson, said, 'We are pleased
to have achieved very strong earnings in 2001, even though the
world economic environment has not been favourable. Our
financial results reflect the quality of both Rio Tinto's
assets and people, and the benefits of a consistent and
successful long-term strategy.'
'The bulk commodities, iron ore and coal, were the main
drivers behind our strong performance, as a result of their
higher prices and the recent acquisitions. In addition,
currency movements partly mitigated weakness in metal prices.
Improvements in operating performance continue to underpin our
results,' said Sir Robert.
Full year to 31 December 2001 2000 Change
Group turnover $10,438m $9,972m +5%
Profit before tax (after $1,983m $2,509m -21%
exceptional items)
Adjusted earnings (before $1,662m* $1,507m +10%
exceptional items)
Net earnings (after $1,079m* $1,507m -28%
exceptional items)
Adjusted earnings per share - 120.9* 109.8 +10%
cents
Earnings per share - cents 78.5 109.8 -29%
Total dividends - US cents per 59.0 57.5 +3%
share
All $ are US$, unless otherwise stated.
* 2001 net earnings are stated after an exceptional charge of
$583 million relating to asset write downs, which has been
added back in arriving at adjusted earnings and adjusted
earnings per share.
FULL YEAR 2001 REVIEW
Mr Leigh Clifford, Rio Tinto's chief executive said, 'In an
environment of generally declining metal prices and weaker
demand, we maintained our margins at nearly 30 per cent. This
was achieved largely through stronger bulk commodity prices
and favourable currency movements.
'Our businesses responded quickly to the changing market
circumstances, several by diverting tonnage to new markets,
which mitigated the reduced demand evident in some of our
traditional markets.
'Iron ore contributed strongly to the robust result with
higher prices, record iron ore production and record shipments
into China. The recently announced iron ore joint venture with
Shanghai Baosteel Group Corporation will further strengthen
Hamersley's relationship with China's largest iron and steel
maker in the fastest growing market for iron ore.
'Increases in seaborne traded coal prices and higher volumes
resulting from the coal mines acquired in New South Wales
benefited our coal business. Our copper business remained
robust and strongly cash positive despite declining prices.
'We took decisive action to address underperformance at
Kennecott Utah Copper in the US, by closing the North
concentrator permanently and outsourcing smelter maintenance,
as part of a programme to reduce costs and improve
efficiencies,' Mr Clifford said.
'The significant investment we made in Australian coal in 2001
is beginning to deliver operational cost savings and
efficiencies across the combined Hunter Valley operations.
More significant value-enhancing opportunities remain before
us as we progress with mine integration and work through more
complex joint venture issues.
'We made a number of acquisitions in salt, alumina and talc,
all in Australia.
'Excellent progress was made on major projects under
construction, all of which remain on track. Most notably, the
West Angelas iron ore mine and port facilities progressed
towards first shipment of iron ore in mid 2002. Construction
is underway at Hail Creek in Queensland where first shipment
of hard coking coal is expected in the third quarter of 2003.
In the Northwest Territories, Canada, good progress was made
at the Diavik diamond mine with dyke construction completed
during 2001.
'Construction work began on the $750 million greenfield
Comalco alumina refinery in Gladstone, Queensland, which will
transform Comalco into a significant third-party alumina
supplier as well as adding further value to the Weipa bauxite
deposit. Initial shipments are expected in early 2005,' said
Mr Clifford.
OUTLOOK
Sir Robert said, 'As far as Rio Tinto's business is concerned,
the economic downturn in the US began well before 11 September
and was, in fact, apparent even before the year began. For
2002 we simply do not know what will happen in the world
economy. The signals are mixed with the more favourable ones
implying that the US economy has begun to stabilize. We shall
have to wait and see but, in any event, significant
improvement still seems unlikely before the middle of the year
at the earliest. Neither Europe nor, especially, Japan are
expected to lead the recovery.
'The mineral industry's response to supply and demand
imbalances has been positive, especially for copper and some
of the other base metals. This may be evidence of an industry
which is now more committed than hitherto to improving
shareholder returns.
'Looking forward, I believe that Rio Tinto will continue to
benefit from the quality of the asset base and new
investments. Our aim remains to deliver returns which not only
outperform our industry, but compare well with other sectors
of the world economy,' said Sir Robert.
FULL YEAR 2001 FINANCIAL RESULTS
NET EARNINGS
Adjusted earnings, at $1,662 million, increased by $155
million or ten per cent compared with $1,507 million in 2000.
Net earnings of $1,079 million, compared with $1,507 million
in 2000, include an exceptional charge of $583 million
relating to the impairment of asset carrying values,
principally at Kennecott Utah Copper. The impairment provision
at Kennecott was triggered by reductions in the Group's long
term metal price assumptions. The lower price assumptions have
had a greater effect on Kennecott Utah Copper than on non-US
producers because they are associated with a strong US dollar,
which mitigates their impact on the margins of producers
outside the US.
The increase in adjusted earnings was achieved despite the
adverse impact of lower quoted metal prices, which reduced
earnings by $280 million. Average copper prices were 13 per
cent below the 2000 average, and average aluminium prices were
down six per cent. Improvements in bulk commodity prices
benefited earnings by $121 million.
Favourable movements in exchange rates contributed $140
million to earnings. The 10 per cent reduction in the average
value of the Australian dollar and the 14 per cent reduction
in the South African rand strengthened the margins of those
operations whose costs are denominated in those currencies and
whose selling prices are US dollar based.
Higher volumes contributed $119 million to the increase in
earnings. This reflected the full year benefit of the
acquisitions made in 2000 and early 2001, principally North,
the minority interests in Comalco, the Lemington mine and
Peabody's Australian coal operations. These acquisitions
contributed over $210 million to earnings before interest and
some $120 million after interest charges.
Sales volumes from the Freeport joint venture increased
significantly with higher gold grades. Offsetting this, borate
and titanium dioxide volumes declined and diamond sales were
substantially lower.
Real terms reductions in cash costs (excluding fuel and other
energy costs) were $57 million but these only partly offset
the effects of inflation and higher energy prices, totalling
$89 million. Overall, higher costs, including increases in non-
cash costs, reduced earnings by $46 million.
Adjusted earnings include the $54 million gain on disposal of
the Group's 50 per cent interest in Norzink. In 2000, there
was a gain of a similar amount resulting from the sale of the
Group's Colombian coal interests.
Interest charges increased by $29 million after tax, with the
effects of increased debt, following the acquisitions in 2000
and 2001, partly offset by lower interest rates.
The Group's effective tax rate was 31.5 per cent, excluding
exceptional items, compared with 32.6 per cent in 2000. The
tax charge benefited from the lower tax rate in Australia,
where 2001 earnings were taxed at 30 per cent compared with 34
per cent in 2000.
Adjusted earnings in the second half of 2001 were $20 million
lower than the first half. This was mainly as a result of
further weakening in quoted metal prices, largely offset by
increases in bulk commodity prices and by higher volumes.
CASH FLOW
Cash flow from operating activities, together with dividends
from joint ventures and associates, totalled $3,415 million
compared with $3,440 million in 2000. An increase in dividends
from joint ventures and associates largely offset the
reduction in cash flow from operating activities.
The reduction in operating cash flow includes the impact of
increases of $227 million in inventories and $126 million in
accounts receivable. The inventory increase reflected a
measured response to cyclical changes in market demand. The
increase in receivables included the effect of higher selling
prices for coal and iron ore, and changes in customer mix in
response to weakening demand.
Expenditure of $1,351 million on property, plant and equipment
was $533 million higher than for 2000, reflecting investment
in the iron ore projects acquired with North and in the Diavik
diamond project.
Acquisitions net of disposals involved a cash outlay of $659
million, compared with $3,191 million in 2000. Acquisitions in
2001 included the purchase of Peabody's Australian coal
operations for $455 million, an increased stake in the
Queensland Alumina refinery, and the purchase of the Port
Hedland salt and Three Springs talc businesses. Disposals
included the North forestry operations and the Group's
interest in the Norzink smelter.
As a result of these further acquisitions and investment in
current operations, the net cash outflow before management of
liquid resources and financing was $590 million.
BALANCE SHEET
During the year, shareholders' funds decreased by $168 million
to $7,176 million. After the exceptional charge and dividends,
profits of $267 million were retained. However, the decline in
exchange rates, particularly for the Australian dollar and
South African rand, resulted in a reduction of $449 million in
net asset values on translation into US dollars.
Net debt increased by $661 million to $5,711 million as a
result of capital expenditure and acquisitions during 2001.
The ratio of net debt to total capital increased from 38.1 per
cent at 31 December 2000 to 41.6 per cent at the end of 2001.
The balance sheet remained in a strong condition with interest
charges covered eight times.
DIVIDENDS
A final dividend equivalent to 39 US cents per share (2000:
38.5 US cents) has been declared by Rio Tinto Limited and Rio
Tinto plc. This, together with the interim dividend of 20 US
cents per share, makes a total for the year of 59 US cents per
share (2000: 57.5 US cents per share).
Dividends are determined in US currency. Rio Tinto Limited
dividends are declared and paid in Australian dollars and Rio
Tinto plc dividends are declared and paid in pounds sterling,
converted at exchange rates applicable on Tuesday, 29 January
2002.
Rio Tinto plc shareholders will be paid a final dividend of
27.65 pence per ordinary share (2000: 26.21 pence).
Rio Tinto Limited shareholders will be paid a final dividend
of 75.85 Australian cents per ordinary share (2000:
69.76 Australian cents) that will be fully franked at the tax
rate of 30 per cent. The directors consider that there are
sufficient franking credits available for paying fully franked
dividends for at least the next year.
The respective dividends will be paid on Monday, 8 April 2002
to Rio Tinto plc shareholders registered at close of business
on Friday, 8 March 2002 and to Rio Tinto Limited shareholders
registered at close of business on Wednesday, 13 March 2002.
The ex-dividend date for both Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto
Limited will be Wednesday, 6 March 2002. Dividends to Rio
Tinto ADR holders will be paid on Tuesday, 9 April 2002.
As announced in August 2001, the interim dividend for 2002 and
subsequent years will be set at one half of the total
dividends for the previous year. The interim dividend for
2002 will therefore be 29.5 US cents per share.
As usual, Rio Tinto will operate its Dividend Reinvestment
Plan, details of which can be obtained from the Company
Secretaries' offices.
REVIEW OF RIO TINTO OPERATIONS
(Production shown is the product group share of output unless
otherwise stated. Comparatives are with the comparable period
of 2000 unless otherwise stated.)
IRON ORE
2001 earnings $502 million, up 37 per cent
Iron ore production at 89.9 million tonnes, up 25 per cent
Rio Tinto Iron Ore group contributed 16 per cent of Group
turnover and 30 per cent of adjusted earnings in 2001.
Hamersley Iron, Australia, achieved record iron ore production
of 69.9 million tonnes, of which Rio Tinto's share was
65.5 million tonnes. The increase in production allowed
Hamersley to rebuild port stockpiles, which were at their
lowest-ever levels. Total shipments, including sales from the
Channar joint venture, were 65.4 million tonnes, the second-
highest level in Hamersley's history. Shipments to China of
23.7 million tonnes were a record. China was the single
largest destination for Hamersley shipments.
Despite some softness in the second half of 2001, demand for
Hamersley's products remained strong due largely to increased
pig iron production and replacement of domestic iron ore in
China. Earnings of $441 million were 28 per cent higher than
2000 and benefited from modestly increased prices and
significant operational improvements, including lower
operating costs.
Earnings from Robe River Iron Associates in Australia were
$45 million for the year, also benefiting from the modest
price rise. Total production was 30.7 million tonnes (Rio
Tinto 16.3 million tonnes), with shipments of 31.1 million
tonnes (Rio Tinto 16.5 million tonnes). Demand for Robe ore
was strong in all major markets, especially Japan. In
addition, low-margin sales into Europe were reduced. A number
of significant process improvement initiatives undertaken in
2001 resulted in improved operating costs and productivity
gains, including improved lump production.
Iron Ore Company of Canada contributed $16 million to earnings
in a difficult year characterised by declining economic
conditions and a protracted downturn in the US steel industry.
Total shipments of pellets and concentrate were 13.1 million
tonnes (Rio Tinto 7.3 million tonnes).
ENERGY
2001 earnings $373 million, up 41 per cent
Coal production at 149 million tonnes, up 13 per cent
Uranium oxide production at 4,691 tonnes, up 38 per cent
Rio Tinto Energy group accounted for 22 per cent of Group
turnover and contributed 22 per cent of adjusted earnings in
2001.
Rio Tinto's share of production of Powder River Basin coal
from Kennecott Energy in the US was 107 million tonnes. This
was higher than for 2000, in response to improved domestic
demand. Spot market coal prices eased during the second half
of 2001 following significant price increases from late 2000.
Earnings of $84 million were broadly in line with 2000. Cost
reduction initiatives focused on improving maintenance
performance which resulted in higher equipment availability,
increased productivity and reduced maintenance costs.
Kennecott Energy varies its production, and commits to
contracts, in response to changing market conditions.
Kennecott Energy's output is effectively fully committed in
2002, with contracts for 95 per cent of production.
In New South Wales, Coal & Allied more than doubled its
managed capacity with the acquisition of the Lemington mine
and Peabody's Australian operations. Rio Tinto's share of
production was 122 per cent higher at 19 million tonnes whilst
safety was significantly improved. Increased earnings of
$102 million benefited from the lower Australian dollar,
higher contract prices and a continued focus on cost
reduction.
At Pacific Coal in Queensland earnings of $117 million
benefited from the increase in seaborne traded coal prices,
offset to some extent by higher costs at Blair Athol,
associated with mining through old underground workings. Total
production at Blair Athol of 10.6 million tonnes (Rio Tinto
7.5 million tonnes) was marginally down on 2000 whilst lower
shipments of 10.3 million tonnes (Rio Tinto 7.3 million
tonnes) were affected by port and rail congestion following a
major train derailment in the third quarter and operational
problems at several customers' plants which resulted in
deferral of ships.
Total production of 3.3 million tonnes (Rio Tinto 2.6 million
tonnes) and shipments of 3.5 million tonnes (Rio Tinto 2.8
million tonnes) of coking and thermal coal from Pacific Coal's
Kestrel mine were broadly in line with 2000. At Tarong,
production increased to 5.3 million tonnes in line with
increased demand from the nearby power station. During 2001,
Tarong began a new ten-year coal supply agreement with Tarong
Energy.
Earnings from Kaltim Prima Coal in Indonesia of $42 million
improved significantly compared with 2000 resulting from
higher coal prices and increased sales volumes. Production
shortfalls caused by a strike at a major maintenance
contractor and illegal mine blockades by land claimants in the
first half of 2001 were recovered in the second half.
Production of uranium oxide at Rossing in Namibia was
adversely affected as a result of mining limitations in the
pit and the matching of production to market conditions in
order to rationalise inventory levels. The business continued
to benefit from a strong contract position and the savings
flowing from the business improvement program begun in 2000.
At Energy Resources of Australia, uranium concentrate
production and sales were in line with 2000 reflecting
continuing soft demand.
INDUSTRIAL MINERALS
2001 earnings $323 million,consistent with 2000
Borate production at 564,000 tonnes, down 5 per cent
Titanium dioxide feedstock production at 1,427,000 tonnes,
up 4 per cent
Rio Tinto Industrial Minerals businesses accounted for 17 per
cent of Group turnover and contributed 19 per cent of adjusted
earnings in 2001.
Rio Tinto Borax's earnings of $102 million were 14 per cent
lower than 2000. Sales suffered in most major markets from the
global economic slowdown and from competitive pressures. In
addition, perborate substitution adversely affected European
market demand. Cost reduction gained momentum and partly
offset the effects of the downturn in sales. Multi-year labour
agreements providing additional operational flexibility and
efficiency were negotiated at Borax's operations in the US.
Earnings from Rio Tinto Iron & Titanium (RIT) at $180 million
were four per cent higher than 2000, benefiting from the
decline in the value of the rand against the US dollar in the
latter part of 2001. RIT's robust underlying performance, in a
difficult year for the industry, demonstrated the quality of
its asset base. Steadily deteriorating market conditions
during 2001 led to weaker demand for TiO2 feedstocks resulting
in increased current market oversupply, particularly for
conventional slag product. Shipments of TiO2 feedstocks were
lower and production was adjusted in line with demand as the
year progressed. The market environment for RIT's iron and
steel co-products remained difficult. Zircon markets were
strong for most of 2001.
Operations in Canada and South Africa performed well and new
cost reduction initiatives were begun that will further
strengthen the competitive position of the business.
Luzenac's talc production was marginally higher at 1.27
million tonnes, enhanced by production from the Three Springs,
Western Australia operation acquired in September 2001.
Sustained sales volume growth was achieved in European
markets, in particular paper and specialties, although a
decline was noted towards year-end. The North American markets
reflected the weak economy with sales down in all major
business sectors, especially paper.
Total salt production for 2001 at 6.5 million tonnes (Rio
Tinto 4.2 million tonnes) was 1.9 million tonnes or 42 per
cent higher than in 2000 largely due to the acquisition of the
Port Hedland salt operation in Western Australia in August
2001. Production levels at Dampier and Lake MacLeod benefited
from favourable growing conditions throughout 2001, following
the effects of Cyclone Steve in 2000.
ALUMINIUM
2001 earnings $313 million, down 7 per cent
Bauxite production at 11.8 million tonnes, up 7 per cent
Alumina production at 1.8 million tonnes, up 15 per cent
Aluminium production at 695,000 tonnes, up 12 per cent
Comalco, Rio Tinto's wholly owned Australian aluminium
subsidiary, accounted for 14 per cent of Group turnover and
contributed 19 per cent of adjusted earnings in 2001. Rio
Tinto's weighted average interest in Comalco was 89 per cent
for 2000.
The aluminium price averaged 66 cents/lb compared with
70 cents/lb in 2000. Alumina prices also softened. Earnings
benefited from the continued weakness in the Australian and
New Zealand currencies.
Softer traded bauxite demand and lower production levels at
the Queensland Alumina refinery (QAL) in Australia and the
Eurallumina refinery in Italy resulted in lower Weipa
shipments of 11.0 million tonnes. Total Weipa bauxite
production at 11.3 million tonnes was marginally lower than
2000, in line with reduced demand.
Intermittent equipment and process problems at the QAL and
Eurallumina refineries adversely affected alumina production
levels. This impact was offset partly by Comalco's increased
share of production from the QAL refinery. By year-end, both
refineries were producing at capacity. Higher caustic soda
prices and increased maintenance costs affected earnings at
the refineries unfavourably.
Total aluminium production from Comalco's three smelters was
similar to 2000. Total metal shipments of 690,000 tonnes were
largely unaffected by the slow down in Asian consumption
during 2001 as some sales were redirected to the US and
Europe. Smelter earnings were adversely affected by higher
cell reconstruction costs, lost production at the Tiwai Point
smelter in New Zealand due to power shortages and higher
freight costs associated with redirecting sales to US and
European markets.
COPPER
2001 earnings $262 million, down 19 per cent
Mined copper production at 904,000 tonnes, up 1 per cent
Refined copper production at 361,000 tonnes, down 8 per cent
Mined gold production at 2,342,000 ounces, up 42 per cent
Rio Tinto Copper group accounted for 22 per cent of Group
turnover, of which 12 per cent was from copper and the
remainder mostly from gold co-product. The Copper group
contributed 16 per cent of adjusted earnings in 2001. The
copper price averaged 72 cents/lb, 13 per cent lower than the
82 cents/lb average for 2000. The average gold price was
$271/oz compared with $279/oz in 2000.
A significant increase in copper and gold grades at Kennecott
Utah Copper, in the US, resulted in higher production of
metals in concentrate, except for molybdenum. Refined copper
and gold production was lower due to major maintenance
undertaken on the flash converter and the anode refining
furnace. Lower metal prices were the main reason for
Kennecott's lower earnings of $81 million. This was offset
partly by initiatives that generated cost savings during 2001.
Further cost savings and productivity improvements will be the
focus for 2002.
During the second half of 2001, Kennecott permanently closed
the North Concentrator, following temporary suspension of
operations in June. This, together with the decision to
outsource smelter maintenance, is part of a program to reduce
costs and improve efficiencies.
At the Grasberg copper and gold mine in Papua, higher
recoveries and grades contributed to a significant increase in
total gold production. Rio Tinto's overall share of production
declined by eight per cent for copper to 187,900 tonnes and
increased by 72 per cent for gold to 1,267,000 ounces.
Lower copper production from Escondida in Chile was due in
part to the lower ore grade and mill recoveries. Late in the
second half, Escondida announced production cutbacks due to
the poor market conditions. Earnings benefited from realised
cost savings but were adversely affected by the weak copper
price.
At Palabora, South Africa, the weakness of the rand against
the US dollar partly offset the impact of declining copper
prices. Total production of refined copper was lower than for
2000 due mainly to a strike by mine and smelter workers in the
first half of 2001.
In Australia, the Northparkes copper-gold operation benefited
from higher copper and gold grades and improved mill
recoveries. The mine experienced a number of production
challenges as it neared the end of its first block cave. Lower
production at the Peak Gold mine resulted from lower grades
and the transition to new mining areas.
At Alumbrera, Argentina, higher head grades for copper and
gold benefited production whilst a number of operational
improvements resulted in lower cash operating costs. Copper
production at Neves Corvo in Portugal was marginally higher
than last year.
Production from the Anglesey Aluminium smelter in the UK was
slightly lower than for 2000 due to the high cell failure rate
in the second half of the year. Lower grades for zinc, lead
and silver and a declining zinc price led to reduced earnings
from Zinkgruvan in Sweden.
DIAMONDS & GOLD
2001 earnings $133 million, down 18 per cent
Mined gold production at 1,235,000 ounces, up 15 per cent
Rio Tinto Diamonds & Gold group accounted for 8 per cent of
turnover and contributed 8 per cent of adjusted earnings. The
average gold price was $271/oz compared with $279/oz in 2000.
Argyle's total diamond production of 26.1 million carats was
marginally lower than in 2000. This reflected reduced ore
production at Argyle where the ore grade improved during the
year in accordance with pit development plans. Earnings of $58
million, including the approximate 40 per cent additional
interest in the Argyle mine following the Ashton Mining
acquisition in 2000, were 15 per cent lower. Major factors
contributing to lower earnings were the absence of sales from
inventories, which had increased revenue in the first half of
2000, and reduced allocations to customers towards the end of
2001 resulting from a decline in consumer confidence and
weaker demand.
Improved demand for diamonds will depend on recovery in the
key US and Japanese markets, which account for about two-
thirds of world jewellery sales.
Earnings at Kennecott Minerals in the US were affected by low
prices for gold, silver and zinc, partly offset by lower
production costs and increased concentrate sales from Greens
Creek.
Continuing weak prices for nickel adversely affected earnings
from the Fortaleza nickel mine and smelter in Brazil. At Morro
do Ouro, lower gold production and higher costs as a result of
major maintenance impacted earnings performance. Reduced
demand for Corumba's lump iron ore had an adverse effect on
production and earnings.
Increased production from the Kelian gold mine in Indonesia
was due to the higher head grade and improved ore throughput.
At Rio Tinto Zimbabwe, gold production was in line with 2000
levels and efforts continued to reduce costs in a high
inflation environment.
Production at Lihir Gold, Papua New Guinea, benefited from the
improved gold grade and ongoing reliability of autoclave
performance. The autoclave heat recovery plant, installed
towards the end of 2000, demonstrated improved process plant
efficiency and flexibility. De-bottlenecking of the process
plant resulted in production levels in excess of the targeted
600,000 ounces of gold per year. The change from contract to
owner mining in 2000 resulted in significant cost savings in
2001.
ACQUISITIONS
During 2001, Coal & Allied completed the purchase of Peabody's
Australian coal operations for $455 million and further
increased its interest in the Warkworth Mining Joint Venture
from 43.75 to 55.57 per cent for $27 million.
Comalco acquired an additional 8.3 per cent interest in
Queensland Alumina for $189 million, including $30 million of
assumed debt.
In Western Australia, Cargill Australia's Port Hedland salt
operations were acquired for $95 million plus contingent
performance-based payments not exceeding $15 million, and the
Three Springs talc mine was purchased for $28 million.
Rio Tinto acquired a 20.3 per cent interest in the Labrador
Iron Ore Royalty Income Fund for $56 million, an additional
1.83 per cent interest in Coal & Allied and an additional
0.7 per cent in Palabora Mining Company.
Following the issue of a compulsory acquisition notice in May
2001 and the receipt of objections, as required by the
Australian Corporations law, Rio Tinto applied to the Supreme
Court of Victoria for approval of the acquisition of the
1,983,752 Western Australian Diamond Trust units (3.05 per
cent) that it does not already own. The court hearings were
completed at the end of 2001. A decision is expected shortly.
NEW PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
Construction work progressed well and to schedule at the West
Angelas iron ore project in Australia, where the port, mine
and rolling stock are close to 80 per cent complete and the
railway work 25 per cent complete. The ship loader is being
commissioned in readiness for operation at the end of the
first quarter. The first ore shipment is expected early in the
second half of the year.
Hamersley reached agreement with Shanghai Baosteel Group
Corporation, China's largest iron and steel maker, to form an
unincorporated joint venture to supply ten million tonnes of
standard Hamersley iron ore products per year over 20 years
from 2002. Hamersley will hold a 54 per cent equity share in
the joint venture that will develop and operate a new mine
located ten kilometres east of Paraburdoo by about 2004, at a
cost of $64 million.
Due to deteriorating conditions in the US steel industry, the
$240 million Sept-Iles pellet plant refurbishment and
expansion was suspended.
Cost and other studies, including environmental assessment,
continued for a commercial sized HIsmelt direct smelting
technology plant capable of producing up to 800,000 tonnes of
hot metal per year in Western Australia.
Construction work began on the $210 million Hail Creek coking
coal development in Queensland. The open cut dragline
operation will produce 5.5 million tonnes of high quality hard
coking coal per year and is expected to start up in 2003.
Construction of the Palabora underground copper mine
development in South Africa remained on track to achieve full
production of 30,000 tonnes of ore per day by the end of 2002.
The expansion will extend the life of the operation when the
current open pit is exhausted this year. Work on the
$1.1 billion Phase 4 expansion at the Escondida copper mine in
Chile continued towards completion in 2002. Production will be
increased by an average of 400,000 tonnes, taking total annual
production to 1.2 million tonnes of copper in concentrate.
Following approval in October 2001, large-scale construction
work began on the $750 million first stage greenfield alumina
refinery at Gladstone, Queensland, in January 2002. Initial
shipments are expected in the first quarter of 2005 and full
capacity by the end of 2006. There is potential to increase
refinery capacity to over four million tonnes per year when
market conditions allow.
Construction progressed on schedule at the Diavik diamond mine
in the Northwest Territories, Canada. The project is on track
to begin production, averaging over six million carats per
year, in April 2003.
DIVESTMENTS
The Norzink zinc smelter in Norway was sold during 2001,
resulting in an after tax gain of $54 million for Rio Tinto's
50 per cent share. The North Forest Products business was sold
in May for $171 million. Rio Tinto also sold its 34.8 per cent
interest in Aurora Gold as well as other interests acquired as
part of the takeover of Ashton Mining in 2000.
Rio Tinto has agreed to sell its stake in Somincor for $78
million, including some deferred payments. Coal & Allied
reached agreement, subject to certain conditions, to sell the
wholly owned Ravensworth operations and its 50 per cent share
of the Narama mine, both in New South Wales. Completion of the
sale is expected by the second quarter, 2002. A number of
selected parties began due diligence for Coal & Allied's
55 per cent share of the Moura coal mine, in Queensland, and
the sale process is expected to conclude in 2002.
EXPLORATION
Total pre-tax exploration expenditure charged to the profit
and loss account for 2001 was $130 million, compared with
$136 million in 2000. Since 1997, the exploration program has
been restructured to focus on fewer but larger programs ranked
according to target value, chance of discovery and the cost to
test.
Drilling commenced on a high-grade porphyry copper project in
Arizona, US, and six deep holes were completed. Drilling
continued on early stage copper and gold projects in Turkey,
Iran and Peru.
Further delineation drilling was conducted at the Simandou
lump haematite property in southeast Guinea and the Kazan
trona deposit in Turkey.
In diamonds, three kimberlites were discovered on the Tahera
joint venture property, 265 kilometres north-northeast of
Diavik in the Northwest Territories of Canada. Assay results
from the pipes indicate that two of the three pipes are
significantly diamondiferous.
Near-mine exploration programmes continued in the Pilbara
region of Western Australia, where new iron ore targets were
drilled, and at Freeport, where drilling continued on porphyry
copper-gold mineralisation within the Ertsberg intrusion and
on extensions of the Kucing Liar skarn system.
For further information, please contact:
LONDON AUSTRALIA
Media Relations Media Relations
Lisa Cullimore Ian Head
+ 44 (0) 20 7753 2305 +61 (0) 3 9283 3620
Investor Relations Investor Relations
Peter Cunningham Dave Skinner
+ 44 (0) 20 7753 2401 +61 (0) 3 9283 3628
Daphne Morros
+61 (0) 3 9283 3639
Website: www.riotinto.com
PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT
Years ended 31 December
2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000
A$m A$m £m £m US$m US$m
Gross turnover
(including share of
joint ventures and
20,187 17,212 7,249 6,582 associates) 10,438 9,972
Share of
joint ventures'
(3,118)(2,570)(1,119) (983) turnover (1,612) (1,489)
Share of associates'
(1,304)(1,049) (468) (401) turnover (674) (608)
Consolidated
15,765 13,593 5,662 5,198 turnover 8,152 7,875
(12,745)(9,816)(4,576)(3,753) Net operating costs (6,590) (5,687)
Group operating
3,020 3,777 1,086 1,445 profit 1,562 2,188
Share of operating
profit of joint
1,071 885 385 339 ventures 554 513
Share of operating
420 364 151 139 profit of associates 217 211
4,511 5,026 1,622 1,923 2,333 2,912
Profit on disposal
of interest in
104 - 38 - joint venture 54 -
Profit on ordinary
activities before
4,615 5,026 1,660 1,923 interest 2,387 2,912
Net interest
(671) (587) (241) (224) payable (347) (340)
Amortisation of discount
(110) (109) (40) (42) related to provisions (57) (63)
Profit on ordinary
activities before
3,834 4,330 1,379 1,657 taxation 1,983 2,509
(1,389)(1,414) (499) (541) Taxation (718) (819)
Profit on ordinary
activities after
2,445 2,916 880 1,116 taxation 1,265 1,690
Attributable to
outside
(360) (316) (129) (121) shareholders (equity) (186) (183)
Profit for the
financial year
2,085 2,600 751 995 (net earnings) 1,079 1,507
Dividends to
(1,570)(1,364) (564) (521) shareholders (812) (790)
Retained profit
for the financial
515 1,236 187 474 year 267 717
Earnings per
ordinary
151.6c 189.4c 54.6p 72.5p share 78.5c 109.8c
Adjusted earnings
233.6c 189.4c 84.1p 72.5p per ordinary share(d) 120.9c 109.8c
Dividends per share
41.68p 38.87p - Rio Tinto plc 59.0c 57.5c
115.27c 102.44c - Rio Tinto Limited 59.0c 57.5c
(a) Diluted earnings per share figures are US 0.2 cents (2000: US 0.1
cents) lower than the earnings per share figures above.
(b) For the purpose of calculating earnings and adjusted earnings per
share, the weighted average number of Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto
Limited shares outstanding during the period was 1375.2 million, being
the average number of Rio Tinto plc shares outstanding (1,064.3
million) plus the average number of Rio Tinto Limited shares
outstanding not held by Rio Tinto plc (310.9 million).
(c) Joint ventures acquired in 2001 contributed US$129 million to
gross turnover and US$30 million to operating profit.
(d) The profit for the financial year is stated after exceptional
asset write-downs; these are added back in the table below to arrive
at adjusted earnings.
2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000
A$m A$m £m £m US$m US$m
Profit for the
financial year
2,085 2,600 751 995 (net earnings) 1,079 1,507
Exceptional asset write-
Downs impact on items
in the above profit and
loss account as follows:
1,383 - 497 - Group operating profit 715 -
(255) - (92) - Taxation (132) -
1,128 - 405 - Net exceptional charge 583 -
3,213 2,600 1,156 995 Adjusted earnings 1,662 1,507
CASH FLOW STATEMENT
Years ended 31 December
2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000
A$m A$m £m £m US$m US$m
Cash flow
from operating
5,350 5,133 1,922 1,962 activities(see below) 2,767 2,973
Dividends from
joint ventures
1,253 806 450 308 and associates 648 467
6,603 5,939 2,372 2,270 3,415 3,440
(524) (397) (188) (151) Net interest paid (271) (230)
Dividends paid to
(153) (264) (55) (101) outside shareholders (79) (153)
Returns on investment
(677) (661) (243) (252) and servicing of finance (350) (383)
(1,189) (797) (427) (305) Taxation (615) (462)
Purchase of
property, plant
(2,613)(1,412) (938) (540) and equipment (1,351) (818)
Funding of Group
share of joint ventures'
and associates'
(153) (38) (55) (15) capital expenditure (79) (22)
Other funding of joint
ventures and associates
25 69 9 26 repaid 13 40
Exploration and
evaluation
(255) (257) (92) (98) expenditure (132) (149)
Sale of property,
plant and
48 72 17 28 equipment 25 42
Purchase less sales
(104) 2 (38) - of other investments (54) 1
Capital expenditure and
(3,052)(1,564)(1,097) (599) financial investment (1,578) (906)
Purchase of subsidiaries,
joint ventures
(1,853)(5,751) (665)(2,199) and associates (958)(3,332)
Sale of subsidiaries,
joint ventures and
578 243 208 93 associates 299 141
Acquisitions less
(1,275)(5,508) (457)(2,106) disposals (659)(3,191)
Equity dividends paid to
(1,553)(1,362) (558) (521) Rio Tinto shareholders (803) (789)
Cash outflow before
management of liquid
resources and
(1,143)(3,953) (410)(1,513) financing (590)(2,291)
Net cash (outflow)/inflow
from management of
(35) 173 (13) 66 liquid resources (18) 100
Ordinary shares
14 5 5 2 issued 7 3
- (57) - (22) Shares repurchased - (33)
Loans received
1,240 3,758 445 1,437 less repaid 641 2,177
Management of liquid
resources and
1,219 3,879 437 1,483 financing 630 2,247
76 (74) 27 (30) Increase/(decrease) in cash 40 (44)
Cash flow from
operating
activities
Group operating profit
from continuing
3,020 3,777 1,086 1,445 activities 1,562 2,188
Exceptional asset
1,383 - 497 - write-downs 715 -
Depreciation and
1,797 1,465 645 560 amortisation 929 849
Exploration and
evaluation charged
251 234 90 90 against profit 130 136
193 159 69 61 Provisions 100 92
Utilisation of
(286) (205) (103) (79) provisions (148) (119)
Change in
(439) 54 (158) 20 inventories (227) 31
Change in accounts
receivable and
(244) (418) (88) (160) prepayments (126) (242)
Change in accounts
payable and
(93) 283 (33) 108 accruals (48) 164
(232) (216) (83) (83) Other items (120) (126)
Cash flow from
5,350 5,133 1,922 1,962 operating activities 2,767 2,973
(a) Net debt at 31 December 2001 of US$5,711 million compares with
US$5,050 million at 31 December 2000. The increase of US$661 million
comprises the cash outflow before management of liquid resources and
financing of US$590 million, net debt of acquired companies of US$125
million and other items of US$54 million, which includes the effect of
exchange rate movements.
BALANCE SHEET
At 31 December
2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000
A$m A$m £m £m US$m US$m
Intangible fixed assets
1,998 1,802 704 670 Goodwill 1,022 1,001
Exploration and
108 302 38 112 evaluation 55 168
2,106 2,104 742 782 1,077 1,169
Tangible fixed assets
Property, plant
22,674 21,886 7,993 8,134 and equipment 11,598 12,159
Investments
Share of gross assets
5,490 4,189 1,935 1,557 of joint ventures 2,808 2,327
Share of gross
liabilities
(2,199) (1,895) (775) (704) of joint ventures (1,125) (1,053)
3,291 2,294 1,160 853 1,683 1,274
Investments in
associates/
1,167 932 411 347 other investments 597 518
4,458 3,226 1,571 1,200 Total investments 2,280 1,792
29,238 27,216 10,306 10,116 Total fixed assets 14,955 15,120
Current assets
2,897 2,581 1,021 959 Inventories 1,482 1,434
Accounts receivable
and prepayments
Falling due within
3,546 2,801 1,250 1,041 one year 1,814 1,556
Falling due after
1,320 1,055 465 392 more than one year 675 586
4,866 3,856 1,715 1,433 2,489 2,142
22 27 8 10 Investments 11 15
Cash at bank
1,327 1,318 468 490 and in hand 679 732
9,112 7,782 3,212 2,892 4,661 4,323
Creditors due within
one year
Short term
(7,497) (7,670)(2,643)(2,851) borrowings (3,835) (4,261)
Accounts payable
(4,057) (3,953)(1,430)(1,469) and accruals (2,075) (2,196)
(11,554)(11,623)(4,073)(4,320) (5,910) (6,457)
Net current
(2,442) (3,841) (861)(1,428) liabilities (1,249) (2,134)
Total assets less
current
26,796 23,375 9,445 8,688 liabilities 13,706 12,986
Creditors due after
one year
Medium and long term
(5,017) (2,765)(1,768)(1,028) borrowings (2,566) (1,536)
Provisions for
liabilities and
(6,133) (5,836)(2,162)(2,169) charges (3,137) (3,242)
Outside shareholders'
(1,617) (1,555) (570) (578) interests (equity) (827) (864)
14,029 13,219 4,945 4,913 7,176 7,344
Capital and reserves
Share capital
301 277 106 103 - Rio Tinto plc 154 154
- Rio Tinto Limited
(excl. Rio Tinto
1,431 1,429 504 531 plc interest) 732 794
Share premium
3,128 2,857 1,103 1,062 account 1,600 1,587
575 536 203 199 Other reserves 294 298
Profit and loss
8,594 8,120 3,029 3,018 account 4,396 4,511
Equity shareholders'
14,029 13,219 4,945 4,913 funds 7,176 7,344
(a) At 31 December 2001, Rio Tinto plc had 1,064.6 million ordinary
shares in issue and Rio Tinto Limited had 311 million shares in issue,
excluding those held by Rio Tinto plc.
(b) In accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 4, all commercial
paper is classified as short term borrowings though US$1.9 billion is
backed by medium term facilities. Under US and Australian GAAP, this
amount would be grouped within non-current borrowings at 31 December
2001.
(c) Capitalised exploration and evaluation expenditure is now shown as
an intangible fixed asset, where previously it was reported within
tangible fixed assets. The directors believe that this classification
better reflects the nature of the asset, which represents the
potential for future development of particular mineral rights.
RECONCILIATION WITH AUSTRALIAN GAAP
At 31 December
2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000
A$m A$m £m £m US$m US$m
Adjusted earnings
reported under
3,213 2,600 1,156 995 UK GAAP 1,662 1,507
Exceptional asset
(1,128) - (405) - write-downs (583) -
Net earnings under
2,085 2,600 751 995 UK GAAP 1,079 1,507
Increase/(decrease)
net of tax in
respect of:
Goodwill
(327) (250) (117) (96) amortisation (169) (145)
6 3 2 1 Taxation 3 2
Higher cost of sales
resulting from
(8) (43) (3) (17) acquisition accounting (4) (25)
(4) 17 (4) 7 Other (3) 9
Net earnings under
1,752 2,327 629 890 Australian GAAP 906 1,348
Earnings per ordinary
share under
127.4c 169.5c 45.7p 64.8p Australian GAAP 65.9c 98.2c
Diluted earnings per share under Australian GAAP are US 0.1 cents
(2000: US 0.1 cents) less than the above earnings per share figures.
Net earnings under UK and Australian GAAP are stated after exceptional
asset write-downs of US$583 million. For UK GAAP this charge is
excluded from adjusted earnings. For Ausralian reporting this is
disclosed as an 'individually significant item'.
Shareholders' funds
14,029 13,219 4,945 4,913 under UK GAAP 7,176 7,344
Increase/(decrease) net
of tax in respect of:
2,399 2,520 846 937 Goodwill 1,227 1,400
(90) (88) (32) (33) Taxation (46) (49)
(43) (34) (15) (13) Other (22) (19)
Shareholders' funds under
16,295 15,617 5,744 5,804 Australian GAAP 8,335 8,676
The Group's financial statements have been prepared in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles in the United Kingdom (UK
GAAP), which differ in certain respects from generally accepted
accounting principles in Australia (Australian GAAP). These
differences relate principally to the following items, and the effect
of each of the adjustments to net earnings and shareholders' funds
that would be required under Australian GAAP is set out above.
Goodwill
For 1997 and prior years, UK GAAP permitted the write off of purchased
goodwill on acquisition directly against reserves. Under Australian
GAAP, goodwill is capitalised and amortised by charges against income
over the period during which it is expected to be of benefit, subject
to a maximum of 20 years. Goodwill previously written off directly to
reserves in the UK GAAP accounts has been reinstated and amortised for
the purpose of the reconciliation statements. For acquisitions in
1998 and subsequent years, goodwill is capitalised under UK GAAP, in
accordance with FRS 10. Adjustments are required for Australian GAAP
purposes where such capitalised goodwill is amortised over periods
exceeding 20 years in the UK GAAP accounts.
Taxation
Under UK GAAP, provision is made for deferred tax under the liability
method to the extent that, in the opinion of the directors, it is
probable that a tax liability will become payable within the
foreseeable future. Under Australian GAAP deferred tax is provided
for in full.
Higher cost of sales resulting from acquisition accounting
Under UK GAAP, the inventories of acquired companies are valued at the
lower of replacement cost and net realisable value. Under Australian
GAAP, such inventories are recognised at the time of acquisition on
the basis of expected net sales proceeds. Earnings for the year are
lower under Australian GAAP as a result of the higher cost of sales
relating to inventories that were held at the date of acquisition.
RECONCILIATION OF MOVEMENTS IN SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS
2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000
A$m A$m £m £m US$m US$m
Profit for the
2,085 2,600 751 995 financial year 1,079 1,507
(1,570)(1,364) (564) (521) Dividends (812) (790)
515 1,236 187 474 267 717
Adjustment on
268 1,074 (165) (29) currency translation (449) (561)
Share capital issued
27 102 10 39 less repurchased 14 59
Goodwill relating to
- 57 - 22 disposals written back - 33
810 2,469 32 506 (168) 248
Opening shareholders'
13,219 10,750 4,913 4,407 funds 7,344 7,096
Closing shareholders'
14,029 13,219 4,945 4,913 funds 7,176 7,344
PRIMA FACIE TAX RECONCILIATION
2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000
A$m A$m £m £m US$m US$m
Profit on ordinary
activities before
3,834 4,330 1,379 1,657 taxation 1,983 2,509
Actual taxation charge
(1,389)(1,414) (499) (541) for the year (718) (819)
Prima facie tax
payable at UK
rate of 30%
1,151 1,300 413 497 (2000-30%) 595 753
Higher rate of taxation
- 102 - 39 on Australian earnings - 59
Impact of exceptional
159 - 57 - asset write-downs 82 -
(79) (12) (29) (5) Adverse variation (41) (7)
The above variation is
explained as follows:
Other tax rates
applicable outside the
(184) (123) (66) (47) UK and Australia (95) (71)
Resource depletion
and other depreciation
101 91 36 35 allowances 52 53
Permanently disallowed
(101) (60) (36) (23) amortisation/depreciation (52) (35)
Research, development
and other investment
25 14 9 5 allowances 13 8
80 66 28 25 Other 41 38
Total adverse variation
(79) (12) (29) (5) in taxation charge (41) (7)
EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION
2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000
A$m A$m £m £m US$m US$m
At cost less amounts
written off
1,413 1,197 525 491 At 1 January 785 790
Adjustment on
38 100 (13) (10) currency translation (42) (72)
- 81 - 31 Subsidiaries acquired - 47
255 257 92 98 Expenditure in year 132 149
Charged against
(89) (86) (32) (33) profit for the year (46) (50)
Disposals, transfers
(292) (136) (105) (52) and other movements (151) (79)
1,325 1,413 467 525 At 31 December 678 785
Provision
(1,111) (988) (413) (405) At 1 January (617) (652)
Adjustment on
(29) (111) 11 (3) currency translation 34 42
Charged against profit
(162) (148) (58) (57) for the year (84) (86)
Disposals, transfers and
85 136 31 52 other movements 44 79
(1,217)(1,111) (429) (413) At 31 December (623) (617)
Net balance sheet
108 302 38 112 amount 55 168
RIO TINTO FINANCIAL INFORMATION BY BUSINESS UNIT
Net Gross Operating Capital
Rio Tinto earnings turnover assets expenditure
Interest 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000
% US$m US$m US$m US$m US$m US$m US$m US$m
Iron Ore
Hamersley
(incl HISmelt)100 441 344 1,118 1,100 762 857 58 76
Robe River 53 45 16 193 90 1,221 1,153 203 35
Iron Ore
Company of
Canada 56.1 16 7 380 179 612 425 242 62
502 367 1,691 1,369 2,595 2,435 503 173
Energy
Kennecott
Energy 100 84 81 882 817 530 404 54 33
Pacific Coal 100 117 93 362 341 275 306 20 11
Kaltim Prima
Coal 50 42 18 212 150 55 33 4 6
Coal &
Allied 72.7 102 49 647 340 786 280 31 14
Rossing 69 21 19 115 124 25 35 (1) 7
Energy
Resources of
Australia 68.4 7 4 90 33 165 179 2 1
Other energy - - 1 1 (3) (1) - -
373 264 2,309 1,806 1,833 1,236 110 72
Industrial
Minerals 323 324 1,768 1,869 2,086 1,958 146 194
Aluminium -
Comalco (g) 313 338 1,499 1,589 1,893 1,740 99 52
Copper
Kennecott Utah
Copper 100 81 100 675 804 1,902 2,381 115 84
Escondida 30 41 97 289 388 432 416 188 68
Freeport 16.6 4 2 296 307 99 95 25 42
Freeport Joint
Venture 40 88 71 316 273 378 412 57 18
Palabora 49.2 14 15 233 252 207 250 83 76
Peak/
Northparkes (d) 13 7 87 58 102 93 31 17
Other copper 10 8 145 83 155 146 13 7
Other metals 11 23 251 252 150 149 13 9
262 323 2,292 2,417 3,425 3,942 525 321
Diamonds and
Gold
Argyle 58 68 278 261 493 464 52 11
Diavik 60 - - - - 318 130 182 94
Kennecott
Minerals 100 33 43 196 185 166 201 21 22
Kelian 90 1 (9) 127 90 48 101 4 2
Rio Tinto
Zimbabwe 56 3 2 43 38 17 10 2 3
Brazil 26 45 111 148 119 126 22 16
Other Diamonds
and Gold 12 14 63 131 101 136 7 15
133 163 818 853 1,262 1,168 290 163
Other items 27 (26) 61 69 (207) (85) 3 (1)
Exploration and
evaluation (104) (108)
Net interest (167) (138)
Adjusted earnings 1,662 1,507
Exceptional asset
write-downs (583) -
Less joint ventures
and associates (271)(176)
Total 1,079 1,507 10,438 9,972 12,887 12,394 1,405 798
Less: net debt (5,711)(5,050)
Net assets 7,176 7,344
(a) Net earnings represent after tax earnings attributable to the Rio
Tinto Group. Earnings of subsidiaries are stated before interest
charges and asset write-downs, but after the amortisation of the
discount related to provisions. Earnings attributable to joint
ventures and associates include interest charges.
(b) Gross turnover includes 100 per cent of subsidiaries' turnover
and the Group's share of the turnover of joint ventures and
associates.
(c) Operating assets of subsidiaries comprise net assets before
deducting net debt. For joint ventures and associates, Rio Tinto's net
investment is shown. Previously operating assets of subsidiaries were
stated before deduction of taxation liabilities and provisions. The
2000 comparative figures for operating assets have been restated.
For joint ventures and associates shown above, Rio Tinto's shares of
operating assets, defined as for subsidiaries are as follows:
Escondida US$840 million (2000 - US$686 million), Freeport joint
venture US$378 million (2000 - US$412 million), Freeport associate
US$439 million (2000 - US$448 million), Kaltim Prima US$140 million
(2000 - US$150 million).
(d) Rio Tinto has a 100 per cent interest in Peak and an 80 per cent
interest in the Northparkes joint venture.
(e) Capital expenditure comprises the net cashflow on purchases less
disposals of property, plant and equipment. The details provided
include 100 per cent of subsidiaries' capital expenditure and include
Rio Tinto's share of the capital expenditure of joint ventures and
associates. Amounts relating to joint ventures and associates not
specifically funded by Rio Tinto are deducted before arriving at total
capital expenditure.
(f) Business units have been classified above according to the
Group's management structure. Generally, this structure has regard to
the primary product of each business unit but there are exceptions.
For example, the Copper group includes the gold revenues of Kennecott
Utah Copper and Freeport (Rio Tinto share) and the businesses of Rio
Tinto Aluminium and Zinkgruvan. This summary differs, therefore, from
the Product Analysis in which the contributions of individual business
units are attributed to several products as appropriate.
(g) Rio Tinto's weighted average interest in Comalco for the year was
100 per cent compared with 89 per cent in 2000.
PRODUCT ANALYSIS
2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000
A$m A$m £m £m % % US$m US$m
Gross Turnover
2,470 2,637 887 1,008 12.2 15.3 Copper 1,277 1,528
1,911 1,348 686 515 9.5 7.8 Gold 988 781
(all sources)
3,296 2,391 1,183 914 16.3 13.9 Iron ore 1,704 1,385
4,065 2,844 1,460 1,088 20.1 16.5 Coal 2,102 1,648
3,315 3,136 1,190 1,199 16.4 18.2 Aluminium 1,714 1,817
Industrial
Minerals
(incl.
4,067 3,804 1,460 1,455 20.1 22.1 diamonds) 2,103 2,204
1,063 1,052 383 403 5.4 6.2 Other products 550 609
20,187 17,212 7,249 6,582 100.0 100.0 Total 10,438 9,972
Net earnings
Copper, gold and
576 576 207 220 15.6 18.9 by-products 298 334
975 633 350 242 26.4 20.6 Iron ore 504 367
667 418 240 160 18.1 13.6 Coal 345 242
638 620 229 237 17.3 20.2 Aluminium 330 359
Industrial
Minerals
(incl.
754 696 271 266 20.5 22.7 diamonds) 390 403
75 126 28 49 2.1 4.1 Other products 39 74
3,685 3,069 1,325 1,174 100.0 100.0 1,906 1,779
Exploration and
(201) (186) (72) (71) evaluation (104) (108)
(323) (238) (116) (91) Net interest (b)(167) (138)
52 (45) 19 (17) Other items 27 (26)
Adjusted
3,213 2,600 1,156 995 earnings 1,662 1,507
Exceptional
asset write-
(1,128) - (405) - downs (583) -
2,085 2,600 751 995 Total 1,079 1,507
GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS
2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000
A$m A$m £m £m % % US$m US$m
Turnover by
country of
origin
6,079 5,351 2,183 2,046 30.1 31.1 North America 3,143 3,100
Australia and
8,483 6,731 3,046 2,574 42.0 39.1 New Zealand 4,386 3,900
1,013 1,025 364 392 5.0 6.0 South America 524 594
1,657 1,562 595 597 8.2 9.1 Africa 857 905
1,839 1,415 660 541 9.1 8.2 Indonesia 951 820
Europe and
1,116 1,128 401 432 5.6 6.5 other countries 577 653
20,187 17,212 7,249 6,582 100.0 100.0 Total 10,438 9,972
Net earnings
by origin
694 685 249 262 19.6 24.1 North America 359 397
Australia and
2,035 1,412 731 540 57.5 49.7 New Zealand 1,052 818
108 300 39 115 3.1 10.6 South America 56 174
277 198 99 76 7.8 7.0 Africa 143 115
248 126 89 48 7.0 4.4 Indonesia 128 73
Europe and
other
174 117 65 45 5.0 4.2 countries 91 68
3,536 2,838 1,272 1,086 100.0 100.0 1,829 1,645
(323) (238) (116) (91) Net interest (b)(167) (138)
Adjusted
3,213 2,600 1,156 995 earnings 1,662 1,507
Exceptional
asset write-
(1,128) - (405) - downs (583) -
2,085 2,600 751 995 Total 1,079 1,507
Turnover by
destination
5,678 5,028 2,039 1,923 28.1 29.2 North America 2,936 2,913
4,599 4,065 1,651 1,554 22.8 23.6 Europe 2,378 2,355
4,413 3,184 1,585 1,218 21.9 18.5 Japan 2,282 1,845
3,756 3,400 1,349 1,300 18.6 19.8 Other Asia 1,942 1,970
Australia and
895 832 322 318 4.4 4.8 New Zealand 463 482
846 703 303 269 4.2 4.1 Other 437 407
20,187 17,212 7,249 6,582 100.0 100.0 Total 10,438 9,972
(a) The above analyses include the Rio Tinto share of the results of
joint ventures and associates including interest.
(b) The amortisation of discount related to provisions is included in
the applicable product category and geographical area. All other
financing costs of subsidiaries are included in 'net interest'.
RECONCILIATION WITH US GAAP
At 31 December
2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000
A$m A$m £m £m US$m US$m
Adjusted earnings under
3,213 2,600 1,156 995 UK GAAP 1,662 1,507
Exceptional asset
(1,128) - (405) - write-downs (583) -
Net earnings under
2,085 2,600 751 995 UK GAAP 1,079 1,507
Increase/(decrease) net
of tax in respect of:
Goodwill
(255) (180) (92) (69) amortisation (132) (104)
Pensions/post
(95) (88) (34) (34) retirement benefits (49) (51)
768 (5) 276 (2) Asset write-downs 397 (3)
(186) (68) (67) (26) Other (96) (39)
Exchange differences
taken to earnings under
(337) (212) (121) (81) US GAAP (174) (123)
Net income under
1,980 2,047 713 783 US GAAP 1,025 1,187
US GAAP earnings before
asset write-downs
and exchange
differences taken to
2,673 2,259 960 864 earnings under US GAAP 1,382 1,310
Basic earnings per
ordinary share
under US GAAP
Net income under
144.0c 149.1c 51.8p 57.0p US GAAP 74.5c 86.5c
Net income before
asset write-downs
and exchange
differences taken to
194.4c 164.6c 69.8p 62.9p earnings under US GAAP 100.5c 95.4c
Shareholders' funds
14,029 13,219 4,945 4,913 under UK GAAP 7,176 7,344
Increase/(decrease)
net of tax in
respect of:
3,476 3,469 1,225 1,289 Goodwill 1,778 1,927
(90) (88) (32) (33) Taxation (46) (49)
1,050 952 370 354 Proposed dividends 537 529
962 171 339 64 Asset write-downs 492 95
Reversal of additional
provisions under
362 355 127 132 FRS 12 185 197
(125) (110) (44) (41) Start-up costs (64) (61)
Mark to market of
(336) (121) (119) (45) derivative contracts (172) (67)
Pensions/post
(354) (94) (125) (35) retirement benefits (181) (52)
(262) (68) (92) (26) Other (134) (38)
Shareholders' funds
18,712 17,685 6,594 6,572 under US GAAP 9,571 9,825
Diluted earnings per share under US GAAP are US 0.1 cents (2000: US
0.1 cents) less than the above earnings per share figures.
The Group's financial statements have been prepared in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles in the United Kingdom (UK
GAAP), which differ in certain respects from those in the United
States (US GAAP). The effect of adjusting net earnings and
shareholders' funds for the following differences in treatment under
US GAAP is set out above.
Financial Reporting Standard 12 (FRS 12): In 1999, changes in
accounting policy on introduction of FRS 12 led to a prior year
adjustment under UK GAAP. There was no corresponding change in US
accounting standards. The residue of this prior year adjustment is
therefore reversed in the calculation of shareholders' funds under US
GAAP.
Goodwill: For 1997 and prior years, UK GAAP permitted the write off
of purchased goodwill on acquisition, directly against reserves.
Under US GAAP, goodwill is capitalised and amortised by charges
against income over the period during which it is expected to be of
benefit, subject to maximum of 40 years. Goodwill previously written
off directly to reserves in the UK GAAP accounts has been reinstated
and amortised for the purpose of the reconciliation statements. For
acquisitions in 1998 and subsequent years, goodwill is capitalised
under UK GAAP in accordance with FRS 10.
Pensions/post retirement benefits: This adjustment reflects the
difference in pension accounting principles between UK and US GAAP.
The reduction in shareholders' funds at 31 December 2001 includes the
effect of the US GAAP requirement to make immediate provision for
pension fund deficits through other comprehensive income. The
provision reflects the recent reduction in equity values.
Asset write-downs: Following the implementation of FRS 11 in 1998,
impairment of fixed assets under UK GAAP is recognised and measured by
reference to the discounted cash flows expected to be generated by the
asset. Under US GAAP, impairment is recognised only when the
anticipated undiscounted cash flows are insufficient to recover the
carrying value of the asset. Where an asset is found to be impaired
under US GAAP, the amount of such impairment is generally similar
under US GAAP to that computed under UK GAAP. The 2001 US GAAP
impairment write-down is US$183 million. Before charging US$3 million
of amortisation, this is US$400 million below the charge of US$583
million included under UK GAAP.
Exchange differences under US GAAP:
Debt: The Group finances its operations primarily in US dollars and a
significant proportion of the Group's US dollar debt is located in its
Australian operations. Under UK GAAP, this debt is dealt with in the
context of the currency status of the Group as a whole and exchange
differences reported by the Australian operations are adjusted through
reserves. US GAAP permits such exchange gains and losses to be taken
to reserves only to the extent that the US dollar debt hedges US
dollar assets in the Australian group. Net exchange losses of US$148
million on US dollar debt that do not qualify for hedge accounting
under US GAAP have therefore been recorded in US GAAP earnings.
Derivatives: The Group is party to derivative contracts in respect of
some of its future transactions in order to hedge its exposure to
fluctuations in exchange rates against the US dollar. Under UK GAAP,
these contracts are accounted for as hedges: gains and losses are
deferred and subsequently recognised when the hedged transaction
occurs. Prior to 1 January 2001, some of these transactions did not
qualify for hedge accounting under FAS 52 principally because they
were not yet contractual commitments. Provision for unrealised losses
of US$67 million on derivatives relating to such transactions was
therefore recognised in shareholders' funds under US GAAP at 31
December 2000. Under FAS 133, which applies to Rio Tinto from 1
January 2001, all derivative instruments are included in the balance
sheet as assets or liabilities measured at fair value. Certain of the
Group's derivative contracts do not qualify for hedge accounting under
FAS 133, principally because the hedge is not located in the entity
with the exposure. Unrealised losses of US$26 million on such
derivatives have therefore been taken to US GAAP earnings.
METAL PRICES AND EXCHANGE RATES
Years ended 31 December
Year Year
Metal prices 2001 2000 Change
Average market prices for the year were:
Copper - US cents/lb 72c 82c (13%)
Aluminium - US cents/lb 66c 70c (6%)
Gold - US$/troy oz US$271 US$279 (3%)
Exchange Rates in US$
Annual Average Year end
2001 2000 Change 2001 2000 Change
Sterling 1.44 1.52 (5%) 1.45 1.49 (3%)
Australia 0.52 0.58 (10%) 0.51 0.56 (9%)
Canada 0.65 0.67 (3%) 0.63 0.67 (6%)
South Africa 0.12 0.14 (14%) 0.08 0.13 (38%)
ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
The financial information included in this report has been prepared in
accordance with United Kingdom Accounting Standards and an Order under
section 340 of the Australian Corporations Act 2001 issued by the
Australian Securities and Investments Commission on 9 April 2001.
Except for the reclassification of Exploration and Evaluation, the
financial information is drawn up on the basis of accounting policies
consistent with those applied in the accounts for the year to 31
December 2000.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
This preliminary announcement contains financial information which has
been extracted from the latest financial statements. This
announcement does not constitute the full financial statements, which
will be approved by the Board and reported on by the auditors on 22
February 2002 and subsequently filed with the Registrar of Companies
and the Australian Securities and Investments Commission. The
accounts of Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited for 2000 were the
subject of an unqualified audit report and have been delivered to the
Registrar of Companies in the UK and the Australian Securities and
Investments Commission respectively.
This information is provided by RNS
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